3D打印氧化硅陶瓷的制备及性能研究

随着陶瓷3D打印技术的发展,3D打印高性能陶瓷越来越受关注,在航空航天领域得到快速应用.通过研究分散剂、浆料pH、氧化硅粉体粒径和固相含量对浆料粘度和流动性的影响,可制备出粘度低、固相含量高、流动性好的陶瓷浆料.测试了不同固相含量对SiO2陶瓷的弯曲强度、烧成收缩率、气孔率和致密度的影响.结果表明:在68vol%的固相含量条件下,烧结后SiO2陶瓷的致密度达到74.32%,烧成收缩率为0.95%.     

面向光固化3D打印陶瓷构件的光敏树脂体系研究

光敏树脂是光固化3D打印的材料基础,也是光固化3D打印陶瓷的成型媒介。光敏树脂体系影响光固化3D打印陶瓷构件成型过程的收缩率与脱脂过程的应力,本文设计了含环状结构的单官能度树脂、三官能度树脂及引入预聚物及稀释剂的多组分树脂三个树脂体系,测试了三个树脂体系的收缩率,研究表明引入预聚物及稀释剂的树脂体系具有最低的固化收缩率,有效缓解了因固化反应收缩造成的3D打印氧化铝陶瓷素坯开裂的问题。采用热失重分析和热处理实验研究了三个树脂体系的热分解行为,多组分树脂体系具有分阶段热解的特性,采用该树脂体系制备了光敏性氧化铝浆料,优化了光固化打印参数及脱脂气氛,3D打印厚壁实心(12 mm×12 mm×12 mm)样件与大尺寸(?80 mm×50 mm)的氧化铝陶瓷素坯脱脂后均无裂纹等缺陷。     

注浆成型Yb∶YAG激光陶瓷浆料的流变性能研究

通过Zeta电位的测定、沉降实验及粘度测试优化了制备较高固含量陶瓷浆料的工艺条件,分析了pH值及分散剂加入量对Yb∶YAG浆料流变性能的影响并进行了注浆成型实验,得到具有连通气孔、密度达1.789 g/cm3的较致密坯体.结果表明:形成稳定浆料合适的pH值为11.83,分散剂的加入显著改善了浆料的流动性,合适的分散剂含量为陶瓷粉料质量的1.0wt％,固相含量为55wt％.     

硅酸钙/β-磷酸三钙生物陶瓷的光固化成型工艺及性能研究

以微米级硅酸钙/β-磷酸三钙粉体、光敏树脂、分散剂和光引发剂为原料,制备了固相含量达55vol％的陶瓷浆料,探索了分散剂添加量对陶瓷浆料粘度的作用效果,研究了硅酸钙/β-磷酸三钙陶瓷生坯的脱脂烧结工艺,研究了烧结温度对陶瓷综合性能的影响.结果 显示,在1 100℃下烧结可制得开气孔率33.51％、弯曲强度26.97 MPa、体积密度2.01 g·cm-3的具有微米级和亚微米级微孔结构的硅酸钙/β-磷酸三钙生物陶瓷.     

碳化硅陶瓷水基浆料的流变性研究

主要研究了分散剂、pH、颗粒级配等因素对SiC水基浆料流变性能的影响,并分析了其原因。结果表明,各分散剂对SiC浆料粘度影响效果的大小顺序依次为:四甲基氢氧化铵(TMAH)>六偏磷酸钠(SHMP)>聚乙二醇(PEG)。TMAH、SHMP、PEG三种分散剂的最佳用量分别为0.8wt.%、0.6wt.%、1.0wt.%,最佳pH为13,最佳颗粒级配(F220/F1200,下同)为1.5,当固相体积分数超过50%后SiC浆料的粘度急剧增加。通过优化工艺参数,制备出了流动性较好,固相体积分数为50%、粘度为500mPa.s的SiC陶瓷浆料。     

光固化氧化铝陶瓷浆料流变性能研究进展

立体光固化成型技术是一种生产高精度、高性能陶瓷部件的新兴增材制造工艺。制备具有良好流动性和高固相含量的陶瓷浆料是立体光固化增材制造工艺的优势。本文讨论了固相含量、单体、分散剂、粉体级配等因素对浆料流变性能的影响规律,总结了目前配制高固相含量和低黏度光固化Al₂O₃陶瓷浆料的材料选择原则,归纳了制备高固相含量、低黏度Al₂O₃陶瓷浆料的指导方法,指出了高性能光固化Al₂O₃陶瓷浆料开发的主要趋势和面临的挑战。     

基于成型用Al2O3陶瓷膏体浆料的配制与分析

本文选择陶瓷含量固定,以pH值、粘结剂、分散剂这三个因素做正交实验,通过粘度测试、粒度、密度分析和扫描电镜观察,对氧化铝陶瓷膏体浆料的配制进行研究,结果表明,注射成型用氧化铝陶瓷膏体浆料,固相粉末的粒度要小于10μm,粘度要不大于1Pa·s,混合要均匀,浆料里不能存在可见的气泡和固体添加剂.采用成分为氧化铝粉末50％,聚乙二醇1％,丙三醇4％,六偏磷酸钠0.175％,卡拉胶6％,去离子水38.825％的酸性浆料,能够获得良好的挤压成型性,且得到的生坯组织均匀.     

生物玻璃陶瓷骨支架光固化3D打印及降解性能

利用光固化技术制备的生物玻璃陶瓷骨植入物在骨修复领域具有许多优势,然而生物玻璃陶瓷受粉体粒度的影响,在光固化打印工艺、结构、力学性能和生物性能等方面存在较大的差异。本文以光固化3D打印过程中粒度的变化为切入点,制备了两种不同粒度粉体的生物玻璃陶瓷浆料,分别对生物玻璃陶瓷浆料的稳定性、流变特性和固化特性进行了表征,根据TG-DSC曲线绘制了脱脂烧结曲线并对骨支架的表面质量、结构和力学性能进行了评价,最后通过颅骨修复试验对降解性能进行了分析。结果表明:小粒度粉体的浆料稳定性较好,黏度较高,对应的固化厚度和过固化宽度也较小;小粒度粉体制备的骨支架表面质量、结构致密化程度和弯曲强度均优于大粒度粉体制备的骨支架,但降解速率较低,植入体内2个月后有新骨长入骨支架孔隙。本研究对不同粒度粉体的生物玻璃陶瓷骨支架制备具有指导意义,有助于推动基于粒度分布的梯度可控降解骨支架的开发和应用。     

铌酸钾钠无铅压电陶瓷水系流延浆料的工艺研究

模版晶粒生长技术制备织构化铌酸钾钠无铅压电陶瓷是提高其压电性能的重要途径,为了获得较高的织构度,水系流延浆料的制备是关键技术.本研究以固相法合成的铌酸钾钠粉体和片状Nb2O5模板晶粒为固含量,以去离子水为溶剂,研究不同含量的分散剂、粘结剂和增塑剂对流延浆料性能的影响.研究结果表明,当粉体固含量为55wt％,分散剂PVP含量为5.5wt％,粘结剂苯丙乳液含量13.5wt％,增塑剂丙三醇含量为5.5wt％时,制备的流延浆料粘度适中,流延后可制得表面光滑、质地均匀、塑性较好、可任意卷曲的流延膜片.     

树脂基三维立体光刻陶瓷浆料性能研究

UV固化3D打印陶瓷是采用光敏树脂、活性稀释剂、分散剂、光引发剂及各种助剂配制成可用于三维立体光刻成型的陶瓷浆料。UV固化陶瓷浆料的粘度和固含量在成型过程中起到决定性的作用。通过研究活性稀释剂对光敏树脂的稀释性和分散剂对纳米粉体在树脂体系中的分散性能优化了光固化陶瓷浆料的配方。得到了固含量40%以上满足工艺要求的陶瓷浆料,成功的采用该浆料进行打印并烧结。     

乙苯,苯乙烯的生产及合成乙苯,苯乙烯催化剂的研究进展

苯乙烯是重要的石油化工原料。本文介绍了国内外苯乙烯生产的发展概况，合成乙苯，苯乙烯所用的催化剂种类，并就苯乙烯生产及催化剂的发展趋势提出了自己的观点。     

Synthesis and characterization of homopolymers and copolymers of various acrylates and acrylonitrile

Various homopolymers and copolymers of methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, and acrylonitrile in different feed ratios were synthesized. These were characterized by IR, ¹³C-NMR, DSC, DTA, and TGA. Spectroscopic characterization helped in differentiating copolymers of different mol ratios. Thermal analysis revealed different degradation patterns for homopolymers and copolymers. The temperature and energy changes associated with various phase transitions were dependent on the chemical composition of homo- and copolymers, as expected. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

生物质气化及生物质与煤共气化技术的研发与应用

总结了生物质原料的特点及生物质单独气化的缺点;介绍了国内外生物质气化技术及生物质与煤共气化技术的研发与应用现状;分析了在此领域国内外的发展趋势与前景;概括了开展生物质与煤共气化技术研发的意义。     

Electronic structures and reactivities of monometallic and bimetallic clusters of Au and Cu

The variation of the Au 4f binding energy of Au clusters with the cluster size has been established by measuring the binding energies of clusters whose size distributions were independently determined by HREM and STM. The binding energy increases significantly when the cluster size is less than 2 nm. Au-Cu bimetallic clusters of the composition Cu₃Au have been deposited for the first time on carbon substrates. The shifts in the core level binding energies of the bimetallic clusters show the effect of alloying in the case of large clusters, but show effects of both alloying and cluster size in the case of the small clusters. The interaction of CO with Cu₃Au clusters is stronger than with a bulk Cu metal. The interaction of CO with small Cu clusters also seems to be stronger than with bulk Cu or with large Cu clusters.     

钾盐资源及钾肥供需情况分析及预测

阐述了国内外钾盐资源及钾肥生产现状,对国内外钾盐的供需形势进行了分析及预测,从资源、原材料、国际市场三方面提出了解决我国钾盐短缺的措施。     

Kinetics and Mechanism of Oxidation of Mono- and Polyacetals

Abstract

Kinetics and mechanisms of oxidation of 6 acetals by molecular oxygen and ozone in liquid phase have been studied. Reaction with molecular oxygen (70°C, 15–16 hr) leads to the formation monoethers of the corresponding glycols with 68–90% selectivity. Salts of metals and complexes with crown-ethers have increased the reaction rate significally. Ozone have reacted with acetals with formation similar products. The mechanisms of intermediate stages have been proposed.     

Comparison of the Adhesion and Cohesion of Triblock and Random Copolymers of Styrene and Butadiene

A substantially greater detachment energy is required to strip a polyethylene tereph-thalate (Mylar) film from a styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) triblock copolymer compared to that for peeling from a random styrene-butadiene (SBR) copolymer. This is true even though the intrinsic interaction between the Mylar and each elastomer is expected to be similar because of their virtually identical chemical composition. It is proposed that this difference in peel strength (between the SBS and SBR) is a consequence of the much higher dissipative capacity of the former elastomer. Another manifestation of this is the higher cohesive tear strength of the SBS compared to the SBR. Extents of energy dissipation within each elastomer during detachment of the Mylar adherend are consistent with the hypothesis that the average maximum stress experience before detachment is some similar fraction of each elastomer's tensile strength.     

Wetting properties of homopolymers and copolymers of pentafluorostyrene and methylacrylate and homopolymer blends

Polypentafluorostyrene (PPFS), polymethylacrylate (PMA), and poly(pentafluorostyrene-co-methylacrylate), poly(PFS-co-MA) were prepared and the wetting characteristics of polymer blends of PPFS and PMA were compared with that of poly(PFS-co-MA) via contact angle measurements. The critical surface tension of polypentafluorostyrene was found to be 22.6 dyne/cm, which is comparable to the value reported for polytrifluoroethylene (22 dyne/cm). The critical surface tension of poly(PFS-co-MA) is not linearly related to its composition. The polymer blends of PPFS and PMA exhibit significant surface enrichment of the fluoropolymer. The harmonic-mean method¹ was employed to determine surface tensions of these polymers and many known polymers. It is found that the method produces useful surface tension data provided the contact angle values are derived from testing liquids of dissimilar polarity.     

实施水泵节能技改 实现节能降耗

介绍了内蒙古亿利化学工业有限公司在满足生产的前提下,对现有的循环水泵实施的节能技改及效果。     

泡沫起泡性、稳定性及评价方法

本文论述了泡沫的两个基本性质:起泡性和稳定性。对起泡性和提高泡沫稳定性的方法作了评价。