热压型水性干法复膜胶的研制

以丙烯酸酯和苯乙烯(St)为主要原料、CO-459为阴/非离子型复合乳化剂、H-843为水性增黏剂和双丙酮丙烯酰胺(DAAM)/己二酰肼(ADH)为特殊交联体系,采用半连续预乳化种子乳液聚合法制备热压型水性干法苯丙乳液复膜胶,并探讨了乳化剂、DAAM、ADH、增黏剂和生产设备等对苯丙乳液的聚合稳定性、使用性能等影响。结果表明:当w(总CO-459)=0.9%、w(DAAM)=0.8%、w(ADH)=0.5%和w(H-843)=0.5%(均相对于总投料的质量而言)时,相应乳液的聚合稳定性良好、剥离强度较大,并且其复膜后可进行模切、凹凸、压纹和热压等工艺操作,具有良好的应用前景。     

VAE型水性纸塑复膜胶的应用研究

为了探讨当前纸／塑复合工艺中存在问题的解决办法，指导VAE型水性复膜胶的生产及应用，本文以共混改性方法制备了一种VAE型水性纸塑复膜胶，考察了DBP、增黏树脂等对VAE复合乳液的性能影响。实验发现，增黏树脂的用量为6％～9％时，对VAE复合乳液具有较好的增黏效果，1#增黏树脂的用量为7．5％时，胶液具有较高的剥离强度。现场应用表明：VAE型水性复膜胶具有良好的涂布性能和较强的盖粉能力，覆膜后透明度高，不起泡、不脱层、保护色彩等，适宜于有烘道多用途覆膜机使用。     

卡基材料用水性聚氨酯覆膜胶的合成及应用

以异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)、聚己二酸丁二醇酯(PBA)、聚氧化丙烯二醇(PPG)、聚四氢呋喃二醇(PTMG)、二羟甲基丁酸(DMBA)和甲基丙烯酸-β-羟乙酯(HEMA)等为主要原料,合成了卡基材料用阴离子型WPU(水性聚氨酯)覆膜胶。研究结果表明:采用单因素试验法优选出制备WPU覆膜胶的最优配方是初始R=n(-NCO)/n(-OH)=4、m(PPG):m(PTMG):m(PBA)=10:20:70、w(DMBA)=5.5%和w(HEMA)=4.5%(相对于预聚体用原料总质量而言),此时活泼的-NCO基已被封闭,羟基丙烯酸酯已成功引入到WPU大分子链中;与普通WPU覆膜胶相比,由最优配方制成的WPU覆膜胶的固含量(41%)较高、剥离强度较大且稳定性较佳,将其应用于卡基材料中,可得到高剥离强度和高耐湿热老化性能的覆膜色卡。     

蓖麻油改性无溶剂型双组分聚氨酯复膜胶

以蓖麻油、苯酐和二甘醇等为原料,经酯化、缩聚后,合成了蓖麻油改性聚酯多元醇,并以此作为复膜胶的固化剂;以MDI-50(二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯)、PPG-2000/PPG400(聚醚二元醇)为原料,合成了端-NCO基聚氨酯(PU)预聚体,并以此作为复膜胶的主剂;将主剂和固化剂按一定比例混合后,制得无溶剂型双组分PU复膜胶。研究结果表明:当反应温度为45℃、反应时间为3 h和w(-NCO)=18%时,主剂的黏度、流动性相对最好;当双组分中n(-NCO)∶n(-OH)=1.9∶1、固化温度为50℃、固化时间为24 h和w(蓖麻油)=28.3%时,复膜胶的粘接性能相对最好,并且接近于进口同类产品。     

环氧改性醇溶性丙烯酸酯干式复膜胶的研制

介绍了一种新型环氧改性醇溶性丙烯酸酯干式复膜胶的制备方法和性能。首先以环氧树脂E-44和丙烯酸(AA)为原料,合成了一种丙烯酸环氧单酯(EA);再以乙醇为溶剂,采用半连续加料法合成了醋酸乙烯酯(VAc)、丙烯酸丁酯(BA)、丙烯酸2-乙基己酯(2-EHA)和EA四元共聚物。该复膜胶合成的适宜条件为:m(VAc)∶m(BA)∶m(2-EHA)∶m(EA)=40∶25∶20∶15,w(引发剂)=1.0%,反应温度为73℃,反应时间为7h。实验结果表明,该复膜胶可用于制备塑料复合薄膜,具有环保、无毒、剥离强度高和快速固化等特点,适用于快速干式复合薄膜的生产线。     

Thermoforming of ordered polypropylenes

Uniaxial molecular ordering of polyolefin billets by a process of roll-drawing produces clear, transparent sheets having greatly increased strength and modulus in the draw direction whereas the strength and modulus in the transverse direction remain essentially unaltered. Such sheets may be laminated together by means of ultrasonic welding, electromagnetic induction heating or simple pressure lamination using adhesive tie layers to produce multiply laminates with controlled biaxial properties. These self-reinforced laminates have mechanical properties which compare favorably with advanced aramid or carbon fiber composites. Conventional thermoforming techniques may be employed to convert these highly ordered sheets into shaped products having potential commercial value. In these investigations examples are presented to illustrate the methods of laminating and thermoforming of ordered polypropylene sheets. Examples are also presented to demonstrate the feasibility of pressure forming of ordered polypropylene laminates into more complex three-dimensional shapes without loss of their mechanical properties. The techniques described in this paper may be applied to other crystalline polymers to create a new spectrum of self-reinforced plastics capable of approaching the limits of performance.     

双组分醇溶型聚氨酯胶粘剂的研制

通过分子结构设计,利用异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯（IPDI）预聚物与异佛尔酮二胺（IPDA）扩链反应,合成端氨基聚氨酯主胶,再以环氧树脂为固化剂、乙醇为溶剂,成功制备了双组分醇溶型聚氨酯胶粘剂。研究了第二层膜复膜时间对固化后包装膜形貌的影响,得出在第二层复膜时要充分挥发溶剂。通过测定不同配方的固化时间,发现预聚物分子链越长,固化越慢。同时,比较了自制样品与通用聚氨酯胶粘剂产品的粘度与剥离强度,证实了自制双组分醇溶型聚氨酯胶粘剂的性能与市场上的产品相当,且可通过加大固化剂的添加比例来提高力学性能。     

AI polymer laminates for high temperature stability

Amoco AI amide imide polymer is an all aromatic polymer which is currently being used as a high temperature wire enamel. It also looks promising as a high temperature laminating material. It is available in a stable solid form and is readily formulated in its laminating solvents. B-Staged coated glass cloth with excellent shelf stability is easily prepared. AI laminates retain their initial flexural strength after four weeks at 500°F. They retain 50% of their initial flexural strength after one week at 572°F. Other modifications of this type of polymer are being investigated as laminating materials.     

New method for evaluating adhesive property of fabrics and TPU: The rigid‐body pendulum rheometer approach

Coating and laminating processes play an important role in textile industry. They are frequently used to produce fabric laminates during which the physical properties and appearance of textile fabrics are modified and enhanced. Currently, the adhesive property testing of a fabric laminate is done so by the use of pulling test machines such as Universal Tensile Tester, which measures the strength required to peel the tested materials apart. The adhesive test to date has not yet been performed using a newly developed machine, Rigid‐Body Pendulum Rheometer (RPR). This study was to establish a more effective method for fast‐evaluating adhesive properties of fabric laminates by assessing the performance of RPR. Specifically, RPR and Universal Tensile Tester were used to measure, respectively, the viscosity and peeling strength of PET/TPU (thermoplastic polyurethane) and nylon/TPU in response to UV exposure and water immersion. RPR can continuously observe and record viscosity behavior of tested samples in various temperature condition including from low temperature to high temperature, it not only measures viscosity speed, it also detects the differences in crosslinking and measures data generated during the softening process when the balanced time was achieved during the oscillations procedure. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 103: 2855–2863, 2007     

单组分丙烯酸酯乳液复膜胶的研制

采用预乳化半连续乳液聚合工艺,合成了一种丙烯酸酯乳液复膜胶,探讨了单体、乳化剂、增黏树脂乳液及熟化时间等对复膜胶复合强度的影响以及功能单体、乳化剂对黏度的影响。结果表明:BA/EA为10/7,AN/MA为3/6,HPA为4份,β-CEA为5份时,复膜胶的复合强度最好;乳液复膜胶的黏度随功能单体β-CEA、HPA和乳化剂用量的增加而增大。所合成的复膜胶用于包装和印刷行业的塑塑、铝塑及纸塑复合,剥离强度大于2.0N/15mm。     

智能卡行业中影响卡体黏合强度的因素及化学分析在智能卡制作中的应用

智能卡的加工制作过程是多层塑料薄膜的热压复合过程,其各层之间的黏合强度与制卡用塑料薄膜的相容性、薄膜材料的表面状态和洁净度有关.总结了在热压加工过程中由于各种原因,各层薄膜之间出现的层压不牢现象,并给出了几种常用的相关测试方法.     

芳纶基质飞艇气囊囊体材料的制备研究

采用热熔层压工艺成功制备出以芳纶平纹布为基质承力层,单面覆和双面覆EVAL膜气密层的飞艇气囊囊体材料试样,并对其性能进行了测试分析。结果表明:二者抗拉伸断裂强力>1790N/cm、膜/布抗剥离强力>5.5N/cm、氦气透气量<0.012L/(m.24h.1atm),均符合飞艇气囊使用要求。     

PBO基质平流层飞艇蒙皮材料的制备研究

以聚对苯撑苯并二恶唑（PBO）平纹织物为承重层、聚氟乙烯（PVF）薄膜为阻氦/耐候层,采用层压复合工艺制备了无镀铝聚酯薄膜和含镀铝聚酯薄膜两种平流层飞艇蒙皮材料试样。对试样进行性能测试,结果表明两种材料均满足面密度〈230g/m^2、氦气渗透率〈0.5L/（m^2·24h·0.1MPa）的要求,无铝蒙皮材料的抗拉强度〉1000N/cm,强度性能也满足要求。     

接枝聚合型纸塑复膜胶的研制

介绍了一种利用接枝聚合工艺制备水性复膜胶的方法。以丙烯酸丁酯、醋酸乙烯、苯乙烯为主要原料,首先进行丙烯酸丁酯、醋酸乙烯共聚,并在此基础上接枝聚合丙烯酸丁酯、苯乙烯的共聚物,重点讨论了单体、聚合工艺、乳化剂对水性复膜胶的聚合及性能的影响。     

自磨式冲击磨的研究与应用

介绍了自磨式冲击磨的原理及内置涡轮分级机的结构。理论与实际应用表明 :该机可运用于高硬度物料的加工 ,涡轮分级机的配置可获得严格粒度分布的微细产品。     

Biomimetic Design of Artificial Materials Inspired by Iridescent Nacre Structure and Its Growth Mechanism

Nacre, the iridescent material found in the innermost layer of seashells, having high strength and toughness was obtained from relatively weak constituents. The excellent mechanical performance of this biological material originates from its hierarchically ordered arrangement of well-tailored hard and soft building blocks. Incorporating these structures into composites is as alluring as conventional engineering materials often sacrifice strength to improve toughness. The unique mechanical properties originated from multiscale deformation regime involving solid-state self-organization process lead efficient energy dissipation which leads to high toughness, these multiscale biological assemblies inspire new synthesis route of complex materials. In this review, we study various mechanisms involved in toughening, methods used in mimicking nacre structure and various strategies for fabricating nacreous architecture which has gleaned new avenues for self-standing, strong, and advanced toughened material.     

Thermal Expansion Characteristics of Alumina–Magnesia and Alumina–Spinel Castables in the Temperature Range 800°–1650°C

The thermal expansion of Al₂O₃–MgO castables containing 5.5 wt% MgO and 1.36 wt% CaO and Al₂O₃–spinel castables containing 20 wt% spinel having 95 wt% Al₂O₃ and 1.7 wt% CaO was measured in the temperature range of 800–1650°C by dilatometry. A sharp increase in expansion from around 1425° to 1525°C, followed by a sharp decrease with further increasing temperature, is characteristic of Al₂O₃–MgO castables. The sharp increase in expansion is believed to be caused by the bond linkage between the CA₆ and spinel grains in the bonding matrix, while the sharp decrease is apparently related to liquid-phase sintering. The sharp increase and decrease in expansion were not observed in Al₂O₃–spinel castables because of the much lower MgO (around 1 wt% MgO) and impurity contents. The magnitude of thermal expansion of calcium aluminate bonded castables containing self-forming or preforming spinels or both is dictated by the MgO content of the castables.     

环氧树脂改性醇溶性双组分复膜胶的研制

首先以EP(环氧树脂)和MAA(甲基丙烯酸)为原料,合成了EM(甲基丙烯酸环氧单酯);然后以EM、HPA(丙烯酸羟丙酯)、VAc(醋酸乙烯酯)和EA(丙烯酸乙酯)为共聚单体,制得四元共聚物(EM环氧改性聚丙烯酸酯);最后将其和自制氨基聚氨酯固化剂作为双组分,两者共混后制得醇溶性复膜胶。研究结果表明:采用单因素试验法优选出制备EM环氧改性聚丙烯酸酯的最佳工艺条件是反应温度为75℃、反应时间为6 h、w(引发剂)=1.6%(相对于混合单体总质量而言)和m(EA)∶m(VAc)∶m(EM)∶m(HPA)=41∶28∶17∶14;当m(氨基)∶m(环氧基)=20∶21、固化时间为24 h和固化温度为50℃时,复膜胶的剥离强度相对最大。     

TPU胶布及其在充气囊体材料中的应用

介绍了应用于囊体材料的各种气密性胶布材料和热塑性聚氨酯(TPU)胶布在性能、生产、加工和环保上的特点。重点对TPU胶布的各种制作工艺及先进的TPU在线挤出流延涂布工艺进行了叙述。总结了TPU胶布在各种充气囊体材料中的应用。     

Si-Al-O-N Fibers from Polymeric Precursor: Synthesis, Structural, and Mechanical Characterization

Polymeric fibers were produced from a polyaluminocarbosilane obtained by reacting polycarbosilane and an aluminum alkoxide modified with a β-ceto ester. The pre-ceramic fibers were converted into amorphous Si-Al-O-N ceramic fibers after a pyrolysis process under flowing ammonia at 1000°C. ²⁹Si and ²⁷Al magic-angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance investigations were performed to characterize the conversion process of the polymeric precursor fibers into the ceramic product. However, because of the amount of matter required for the MAS-NMR experiments, the heat treatment applied for fibers was done on powders assuming identical evolution for both materials. Tensile strength was measured at various stages of the pyrolysis process and related to the corresponding structural evolution.