快速热处理对磁控溅射VO2薄膜光电特性的影响

采用反应磁控溅射法制备二氧化钒(VO2)薄膜,并对其进行快速热处理(RTP)。主要研究500℃快速热处理10、15、20s工艺条件下VO2薄膜结晶状况和光电性能的变化。在20℃～80℃温区内,应用四探针薄膜电阻测试方法和太赫兹时域频谱技术(THz-TDS)测量了各样品的电学相变特性和光学相变特性。结果表明,经过快速热处理的样品电学相变幅度均达到了2个数量级以上;THz波的透射率在半导体-金属相变前后的最大变化达到了57.9%。同时发现,热处理500℃,10s时VO2的电学和光学相变幅度相对要大,当热处理时间达到15s左右时薄膜的相变幅度变化不再明显。快速热处理时间的长短对热致相变温度点的影响较小,但热致电学相变和光学相变的相变温度点不同:光学相变的温度为60℃左右,电学相变温度则在56℃附近。     

磁控溅射氧化钒相变薄膜的电阻温度特性测量

利用MS500-B超高真空磁控溅射镀膜机,分别采用氧化法和还原法在普通玻璃基底上制备了二氧化钒(VO2)相变薄膜;并在20⁸0℃内往复变化时,利用XMT-100数字精密温度计和SX1934数字四探针测试仪测量两类样品的电阻-温度特性曲线。结果表明,两类样品均具有热敏相变特性;氧化法制备薄膜的电阻为9.9680℃内往复变化时,利用XMT-100数字精密温度计和SX1934数字四探针测试仪测量两类样品的电阻-温度特性曲线。结果表明,两类样品均具有热敏相变特性;氧化法制备薄膜的电阻为9.96⁰.06kΩ,相变温度约为30℃;还原法制备薄膜的电阻为80.30.06kΩ,相变温度约为30℃;还原法制备薄膜的电阻为80.3⁷.4kΩ,相变温度约为52℃。     

复合靶溅射Bi4Ti3O12铁电薄膜的结构和相变

采用金属与金属氧化物复合靶的射频溅射法，在Si基片上沉积制备了Bi4Ti3O12(BTO)铁电薄膜，用变温X－射线及热分析等方法研究BTO铁电薄膜的结构和相变，结果表明，在温度为350－445℃之间，薄膜经历由烧绿石相向钙钛矿相的结构相变，在670℃附近，薄膜由铁电相向顺电相转变，该相变是由于晶格畸变量b/a随温度上升连续减小，使得薄膜晶体对称性发生改变引起，在相变附近未观察到潜热的产生。     

氧化钒薄膜的性能和制备

为制备低相变温度、高相变特性的氧化钒薄膜,分析了氧化钒的结构,及其结构决定的特有相变,相变前后独特的光电性能及其应用。比较研究了各种制备方法,得到最低相变温度、最高的电阻变化率和电阻温度系数分别达24℃、105-、5.2%K-1,研究表明,掺杂改性及新的成膜工艺的研究是氧化钒薄膜的发展方向。     

热处理时间对氧化钒薄膜相变性能的影响

采用直流磁控溅射的方法在普通玻璃上制备了低价的氧化钒薄膜,在氧气和氩气混合气氛中,对所制备的薄膜进行不同时间的热处理,得到具有相变特性的VO2薄膜。分别利用X射线衍射(XRD)和场发射扫描电镜(SEM)分析了薄膜的组分、结晶结构和表面形貌,利用四探针法测试了薄膜的电阻。结果表明:热处理前的氧化钒薄膜主要成分为V2O3,经过热氧化处理后,低价的氧化钒被氧化,薄膜中VO2含量增加,薄膜发生金属-半导体相变,其中450℃、2h为最佳处理参数,其电阻相变幅度超过2个数量级,薄膜的相变温度仅为30℃。     

隧道穿透对Sol-gel多晶二氧化钒薄膜电阻率的影响模拟

在多晶薄膜晶粒一晶界两相结构模型的基础上,考虑载流子对晶粒间界势垒区的隧穿机制,在10℃-100℃的温度范围内,模拟了Sol-gel多晶二氧化钒薄膜电阻率随温度的变化,模拟结果与实验结果有较好的吻合．模拟结果显示,二氧化钒多晶薄膜的晶界效应限制了薄膜相变时电阻率的变化,并使薄膜在金属相时呈现负的温度系数．     

不同升温热处理方式二氧化钒薄膜的制备与光学相变性能

采用双离子束溅射方法制备氧化钒薄膜,分别利用常规和快速两种升温方式对氧化钒薄膜进行热处理,利用傅里叶变换红外光谱技术对热处理后氧化钒薄膜的变温光学透射性能进行测试,并对5μm波长处透过率随温度的变化曲线进行相变特性分析.实验结果表明,经过常规和快速升温热处理后均获得了二氧化钒薄膜;快速升温热处理后得到的薄膜中二氧化钒晶粒较小,尺寸分布均匀;而常规升温热处理后的二氧化钒薄膜中晶粒尺寸分布较宽、常规和快速升温热处理后,氧化钒薄膜的光透过率均存在可逆突变特性,变化幅度均超过60%.相变性能分析结果表明,快速升温热处理获得的二氧化钒薄膜相变持续的温度宽度较大,光学相变温度为63.74℃,高于常规升温热处理的60.31℃.     

VO2/FTO复合热致变色薄膜的制备及其光学特性

在掺氟的SnO2(FTO)导电玻璃衬底上采用直流磁控溅射的方法室温沉积纯钒金属薄膜,再在退火炉中经后退火工艺制备VO2/FTO复合热致变色薄膜,并对复合薄膜的结构及其光学特性进行研究.结果表明,导电玻璃上的FTO并没有改变VO2择优取向生长,但明显改变了VO2薄膜的表面形貌特征.与相同工艺条件下在玻璃衬底上制备的VO2薄膜相比,VO2/FTO复合薄膜的相变温度降低约18℃,热滞回线温宽收窄约4℃,相变前后的红外透过率分别约为42%和21%.说明复合薄膜既可明显降低相变温度和热滞宽度,又可增强VO2薄膜的红外调控能力.     

纳米VO2薄膜相变特性的红外透射表征研究

采用双离子束溅射VOx薄膜附加热处理的方式制备纳米VO2薄膜,利用X射线衍射仪和扫描电子显微镜分别对其结晶结构和表面形貌进行了测试,利用傅立叶变换红外光谱仪(FTIR)对热驱动下纳米VO2薄膜相变过程中的光学性能进行测试与分析。实验结果表明,经400℃N2热处理后,获得了由纳米颗粒组成的VO2薄膜;在所测试的红外波段,纳米VO2薄膜内颗粒发生相变的初始温度随波长的增加而升高,薄膜的相变温度点随波长增加也逐渐升高。     

二氧化钒在红外自适应隐身技术中的应用

二氧化钒(VO2)是一种热致可逆相变氧化物,在约68℃时发生由半导体态向金属态的一级位移型相变,同时伴随着显著的电学、磁学、光学特性的变化,且相变温度可通过掺杂调节。制备了二氧化钒粉体和薄膜材料,分别研究了两种材料的热致红外发射率变化特性;采用热像仪拍摄了二氧化钒涂层和薄膜不同温度的红外热图,探讨了其在隐身技术中的应用。结果表明:二氧化钒涂层和薄膜在相变前后具有主动控制自身辐射强度的特性,在红外自适应隐身技术中具有一定的应用前景。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks     

Call for Papers—Feature Topic,Vol.12,No.7,2015

正Information Centric Networking Information-Centric Networking(ICN) is an emerging direction in Future Internet architecture research,gaining significant tractions among academia and industry.Aiming to replace the conventional host-to-host communication model by a data-centric model,ICN treats data content as the first