粉状铵油炸药现场混装车的设计与应用

为实现爆炸焊接用低爆速粉状铵油炸药的现场混装,研制出一种新型粉状铵油炸药车。该车采用旋转料仓设计,将原有的静态出料改为动态出料,解决了传统铵油车存在的料仓起拱问题。所生产的粉状铵油炸药爆速1800～2500 m/s,生产速度200～300kg/min,满足了爆炸焊接用药的使用要求。该车不仅能够生产粉状铵油炸药,而且可以生产多孔粒状铵油炸药。     

水分含量对改性铵油炸药性能的影响

从水分含量对改性铵油炸药的爆炸性能和贮存期的影响进行了研究。发现水分含量为0.04%～0.20%范围内,对改性铵油炸药的爆速和殉爆距离具有明显影响;在水分含量不大于0.07%的情况下,改性铵油炸药在其贮存期内的爆速及殉爆距离能满足一般工程应用的要求。综合考虑水分对改性铵油炸药爆炸性能及贮存稳定性的影响,水分含量以不大于0.04%为宜。     

水分含量对改性铵油炸药性能的影响

从水分含量对改性铵油炸药的爆炸性能和贮存期的影响进行了研究。发现水分含量为0.04%～0.20%范围内,对改性铵油炸药的爆速和殉爆距离具有明显影响;在水分含量不大于0.07%的情况下,改性铵油炸药在其贮存期内的爆速及殉爆距离能满足一般工程应用的要求。综合考虑水分对改性铵油炸药爆炸性能及贮存稳定性的影响,水分含量以不大于0.04%为宜。     

炸药现场混装技术在爆炸加工中的应用

介绍了国内率先开发成功的适于爆炸加工使用的现场混装低爆速铵油炸药、地面站生产技术及新型铵油炸药现场混装车(BCJX)。BCJX采用独特旋转料仓设计,从根本上解决了粉状铵油炸药现场混装技术难题,开拓了铵油炸药车新品种和新的应用领域。实践证明该项技术安全、高效、低碳,生产的炸药性能良好、完全满足爆炸加工作业要求。     

炸药现场混装技术在爆炸加工中的应用

介绍了国内率先开发成功的适于爆炸加工使用的现场混装低爆速铵油炸药、地面站生产技术及新型铵油炸药现场混装车(BCJX)。BCJX采用独特旋转料仓设计,从根本上解决了粉状铵油炸药现场混装技术难题,开拓了铵油炸药车新品种和新的应用领域。实践证明该项技术安全、高效、低碳,生产的炸药性能良好、完全满足爆炸加工作业要求。     

爆炸焊接用低爆速粉状乳化炸药研究

为降低岩石粉状乳化炸药的爆速,选择了一种HW矿物粉,通过筛混方式将该分散剂与炸药混合,并测定了该分散剂加入量和布药厚度对炸药爆速的影响。结果表明,岩石粉状乳化炸药中掺入44.5%~50%的HW矿物粉时,爆速为1913m/s~2378m/s,经钢与不锈钢板爆炸焊接试验表明,爆炸结合率达100%,可满足金属爆炸焊接用炸药的要求。     

爆炸焊接用低爆速粉状乳化炸药研究

为降低岩石粉状乳化炸药的爆速,选择了一种HW矿物粉,通过筛混方式将该分散剂与炸药混合,并测定了该分散剂加入量和布药厚度对炸药爆速的影响。结果表明,岩石粉状乳化炸药中掺入44.5%⁵0%的HW矿物粉时,爆速为1913m/s50%的HW矿物粉时,爆速为1913m/s²378m/s,经钢与不锈钢板爆炸焊接试验表明,爆炸结合率达100%,可满足金属爆炸焊接用炸药的要求。     

多孔粒状混装铵油炸药爆炸性能试验研究

炸药性能直接影响到爆破的效果,为改善爆破效果,更好地利用炸药的爆炸能,通过现场试验测试混装按油炸药的爆速,得出现场混装铵油炸药最佳配比为柴油占5%,并在最佳配比的条件下,研究了混装按油炸药爆速随装药直径、装药密度及混合后存放时间的变化规律.结果表明,混装铵油炸药爆速随装药直径的增加而增大,当装药直径达到一定值后,爆速趋...     

重铵油炸药热化学参数的计算与分析

通过对多孔粒状铵油炸药、3种常用的重铵油炸药(乳胶基质与多孔粒状铵油炸药的质量比分别为2575、5050、7525)、乳化炸药运用B-W规则,确定重铵油炸药的爆炸反应方程式。用盖斯定律计算重铵油炸药的定容爆热,用加权法计算该炸药爆炸产物的摩尔定容热容。结果表明:随着乳胶基质含量的增加,重铵油炸药的爆热、爆温值均呈下降趋势;通过Origin软件对其数据进行分析,得出了乳胶基质含量对其爆热、爆温的影响近似呈线性关系以及乳胶基质含量对爆热的影响较之于对爆温的影响明显的结论。     

改进型多孔粒状铵油炸药生产工艺的设计

为了提高多孔粒状铵油炸药的爆炸性能和储存性能,在分析国内生产技术现状的基础上,设计了一种固定式多孔粒状铵油炸药生产线生产工艺。该工艺采用热敏热混方法,用复合油相替代单一的柴油,并加入适量的稻糠或木粉调节炸药氧平衡和密度,以提高铵油炸药的混匀度和稳定性,降低产品成本,提高产品综合性能。试验结果表明,改进后的多孔粒状铵油炸药爆炸性能基本能够达到粉状改性铵油炸药的质量水平,兼具了普通多孔粒状铵油炸药与液混式膨化硝铵炸药和改性铵油炸药的优点,具有较好的推广应用前景。     

Gender differences in publication productivity in psychology in India

An analysis of gender differences in psychology in India provides quantitative and qualitative assessment of R&D output contributed by psychologists with the indication of the trend of growth, skewness, relatedness, co-authorship pattern of productivity.     

Metrology in Chemistry in Germany

The system for Metrology in Chemistry in Germany is described. At the national standards level, a network of high-level chemistry institutes coordinated by the national metrology institute, PTB, provides the primary references for chemical measurements. A dissemination mechanism employs chemical calibration laboratories accredited within the framework of the German Calibration Service (DKD). They act as “multipliers” between the national standards level and the user level by providing the user with calibration means which are traceable to the SI via national standards. Traceability structures in clinical chemistry, electrochemistry, elemental analysis and gas analysis are described     

Natural radioactivity in drinking water in private wells in Finland

Natural radioactivity in drinking water was determined in population-based random study of 472 private wells. The mean concentrations of (222)Rn, (226)Ra, (234)U, (238)U, (210)Pb and (210)Po in drilled wells were 460, 0.05, 0.35, 0.26, 0.04 and 0.05 Bq l(-1), and in wells dug in the soil were 50, 0.016, 0.02, 0.015, 0.013 and 0.007 Bq l(-1), respectively. Approximately 10% of the drilled wells exceeded a radon concentration of 1000 Bq l(-1) and 18% a uranium concentration of 15 microg l(-1). The mean annual effective dose from natural radionuclides for a drilled well user was 0.4 mSv and 0.05 mSv for a user of a well dug in the soil. The effective dose arising from (222)Rn was 75% of the total of all natural radionuclides for drilled well users. As regards long-lived radionuclides, (210)Po and (210)Pb caused the largest portion of the effective dose. The dose arising from (238)U, (234)U and (226)Ra was only 8% of the total of all natural radionuclides.     

Natural radioactivity in drinking water in private wells in Finland

Radiation Protection Dosimetry     

Radioactivity in building materials in Iraq

Activity concentrations of (226)Ra, (232)Th and (40)K in 45 samples of different building materials used in Iraq were measured using gamma-spectroscopy system based on high-purity germanium detector with an efficiency of 40 %. Radium equivalent activity, air-absorbed dose rate, annual effective dose, external and internal hazard indices and alpha index due to radon inhalation originating from building materials were measured to assess the potential radiological hazard associated with these building materials. The activity concentrations of the natural radionuclides (226)Ra, (232)Th and 40K were found to range from below detection limit (BDL) to 223.7 ± 9, BDL to 93.0 ± 3 and BDL to 343.1 ± 12, respectively. Values of average radium equivalent activity, air-absorbed dose rate, indoor and outdoor annual effective doses, external and internal hazard indices and alpha index ranged from 6.5 to 124.9, 16.2 to 89.5 (nGy h(-1)), 0.08 to 0.44 mSv, 0.02-0.11 mSv, 0.09 to 0.53, 0.13 to 0.69 and 0.03 to 0.62, respectively. These values indicate a low dose. Therefore, the building materials used in the current study are quite safe to be used as building materials.     

沈阳市采标工作经验谈

一、采标工作的主要经验做法和取得的成绩（一）领导重视，机构健全是采标工作的有力组织保证沈阳市在消灭无标生产工作中，先后成立了区、县人民政府消灭无标生产工作领导小组，消灭无标生产工作阶段性完成后，根据国家质检总局要求相继改为标准化工作领导小组，领导小组由主管区长挂帅，各职能部门主要领导参加，为采标工作的开展提供了坚实的组织保证，并纷纷出台了一些保障措施。围绕实施名牌产品战略，市政府明确要求，在评选名牌产品时，产品必须首先采标，然后方可有资格参加名牌产品的评选。我们坚持对申报评选的产品进行跟踪，能够…