Dielectric and electromechanical properties of Mn-doped 0.2875 Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–0.2875 Pb(Yb1/2Nb1/2)O3–0.425 PbTiO3 ceramics

In this study, 0.2875 Pb(Mg_1/3Nb_2/3)O₃–0.2875 Pb(Yb_1/2Nb_1/2)O₃–0.425 PbTiO₃ (0.2875PMN–0.2875PYbN–0.425PT) ternary ceramic composition was doped with 1 mol% MnCO₃ in order to induce hard character for potential high-power applications. Dense 0.2875PMN–0.2875PYbN–0.425PT ceramics with 1 mol% MnCO₃ addition were fabricated after sintering at 1100 °C. ε _r = 1728, tanδ = 0.35 %, d ₃₃ = 320 pC/N, d ₃₁ = ?103 pC/N, Q _m = 467, k _p = 0.40, k ₃₁ = 0.24, k ₃₃ = 0.49, and T _c = 280 °C were measured for Mn-doped ceramics. However, undoped ceramics had ε _r = 2380, tanδ = 1.95 %, d ₃₃ = 433 pC/N, d ₃₁ = ?145 pC/N, Q _m = 60, k _p = 0.43, k ₃₁ = 0.27, k ₃₃ = 0.48, and T _c = 285 °C. Acceptor Mn²⁺/Mn³⁺ ions presumably substituted B-site ions in the perovskite structure and formed defect dipole pairs. The electrically “hard” character was induced as a result of the domain wall pinning due to the existing defect pairs. Particularly, increasing Q _m from 60 to 467 and decreasing tanδ from 1.95 to 0.35 % after Mn doping showed that Mn-doped 0.2875PMN–0.2875PYbN–0.425PT ceramics with “hard” character are potential candidates for high-power projector and transducer applications.     

Dielectric and elastic properties of 0.70Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–0.30PbTiO3 single crystal and their electric-field dependence

The dielectric and elastic properties of [001]_c-oriented 0.7Pb(Mg_1/3Nb_2/3)O₃–0.3PbTiO₃ (PMN–0.3PT) crystal were investigated as a function of poling field at 300 and 360 K, respectively. At 300 K, the dielectric constant and elastic compliance of rhombohedral PMN–0.3PT crystal change drastically at a critical field corresponding to an electric-induced ferroelectric phase transition. At 360 K, the PMN–0.3PT crystal is tetragonal, its dielectric constant and elastic compliance change drastically at two critical fields, which indicates an intermediate phase. Furthermore, much small dielectric loss factors and mechanical loss factors are observed in mono-domain state, which indicates that losses mainly come from domain wall contributions.     

Enhanced thermal stability and large piezoelectric properties of Sm-doped Pb(Sc1/2Nb1/2)O3–Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–PbTiO3 multifunctional ceramics

Journal of Materials Science - The crystal structure, electric properties, thermal stability and optical properties of Sm-doped 0.15Pb(Sc1/2Nb1/2)O3–0.50Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–0.35PbTiO3...     

Dielectric and Magnetic Properties of Pb(Fe1 /2Nb1 /2)O3–Pb(Fe2 /3W1 /3)O3Solid Solutions

Pb(Fe_1/2Nb_1/2)O₃–Pb(Fe_2/3W_1/3)O₃solid solutions were characterized by dielectric measurements at low frequencies and in the microwave range and magnetic measurements at high frequencies. The observed microwave dispersion was tentatively attributed to the domain mechanism of polarization. The obtained results suggest that the solid solutions studied are potential microwave-absorbing materials.     

Low-temperature sintering and piezoelectric properties of Pb(Fe2/3W1/3)O3–added Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3–Pb(Ni1/3Nb2/3)O3–Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 ceramics

Low-temperature sintering of (a–x)Pb(Zr_0.48Ti_0.52)O₃–bPb(Ni_1/3Nb_2/3) O₃–cPb(Zn_1/3Nb_2/3)O₃–xPb(Fe_2/3W_1/3)O₃ (a + b + c + x = 1, 0.06 ≤ x ≤ 0.10) ceramics were prepared through two-step synthesis process using perovskites-structured ferroelectric materials Pb(Fe_2/3W_1/3)O₃ (PFW) as a sintering aid. The effects of PFW content on the densification, microstructure, phase structure, dielectric and piezoelectric properties of the ceramics were investigated. The sintering temperature was reduced from 1,180 °C (without PFW addition) to 940 °C when the material was PFW-doped. PFW-doping increased the sintered density and the average grain size of PFW–PNN–PZN–lead zirconate titanate ceramics. The ceramics sintered at 940 °C for 4 h with x = 0.08 exhibited favorable properties, which were listed as follows: d₃₃ = 496pC/N, εT 33/ε₀ = 3,119, tanδ = 2.1 % and Curie temperature = 242 °C. These values indicated that the newly developed composition might be suitable for multilayer piezoelectric devices application.     

Dielectric and Piezoelectric Properties of (Na0.5Bi0.5)(Ti1–xMnx)O3 (x = 0–0.1) Modified Ceramics

Inorganic Materials - We have studied the crystal structure and dielectric and local piezoelectric properties of (Na0.5Bi0.5)(Ti1–xMnx)O3 (x = 0–0.1) modified sodium bismuth...     

Effect of La-doping content on the dielectric and ferroelectric properties of 0.88Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–0.12PbTiO3 ceramics

Dense relaxor ferroelectric 0.88Pb(Mg_1/3Nb_2/3)O₃–0.12PbTiO₃ (0.88PMN–0.12PT) ceramics with different La-doping contents (0, 1, 2 and 4 at.%) were sintered by using powders synthesized via a solid-state reaction route. The effects of La doping on the microstructures and electric properties of the 0.88PMN–0.12PT ceramics were investigated. It was found that the average grain size, remanent polarization P _r, coercive field E _c, Curie temperature T _c and leakage-current density J of the ferroelectric ceramics decrease significantly with increasing La doping content. The decrease in P _r, E _c and T _c can be understood in term of the fact that the substitution of Pb²⁺ ions by La³⁺ ions suppresses the long-range coupling of BO₆ octahedrons, while the abatement in J can be explained according to the reduction of oxygen vacancies caused by La doping. By fitting the J–E curves, the conduction mechanism of the 0.88PMN–0.12PT ceramics is confirmed to be Ohmic conduction generated from oxygen vacancies. The dielectric and ferroelectric properties of 0.88PMN–0.12PT ceramics are tunable with manipulating the La doping content.     

67 Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-33PbTiO3单晶90铁电畴光学研究

采用偏光显微镜观察了67Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-33PbTiO3固溶体铁电单晶在室温时90铁电畴结构.铁电畴结构与晶体质量有关,在正交偏光显微镜下光学透明晶体中存在着尺寸为23mm的均匀大畴,不同极化方向的大畴重叠形成雾状区,使晶体表现出光学质量宏观不均匀.在光学质量差的雾状晶体中则存在着0.1mm宽的110型带状孪生畴,使晶体形成表面浮凸,带状畴内还存在着90°亚畴.并对这些畴的形成作了讨论     

67Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-33PbTiO3单晶的微结构与铁电畴

用偏光显微镜(PLM)和透射电镜(TEM)观察了67Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-33PbTiO3单晶的畴结构.在PLM下,光学质量不同的晶体具有不同的畴结构,透明晶体具有毫米尺度的大畴,透明性差的晶体的带状孪生畴宽约为0.1mm;在TEM下,雾状晶体中存在着复杂的微米尺度的孪生畴,而均匀晶体中存在着不规则的微米尺度的180°畴.原位EDS分析表明,在孪生晶体中存在Nb-Ti-Mg-Pb-O非晶相.透明晶体的介电和压电常数显著地高于雾状晶体.讨论了化学不均性对畴结构的影响.     

Processing and electrical properties of (1 − x)[(1 − y)(Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3)–y(Pb(Yb1/2Nb1/2)O3)]–xPbTiO3 ceramics

Ferroelectric ceramics in the vicinity of morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) with compositions represented as (1 ? x)[(1 ? y)(Pb(Mg_1/3Nb_2/3)O₃)–y(Pb(Yb_1/2Nb_1/2)O₃)]–xPbTiO₃ were prepared by solid state reaction. The addition of PYbN to PMN–PT decreased the sintering temperature from 1200 °C (y = 0.25) to 1000 °C (y = 0.75). The PT content, where the MPB was observed, increased with the PYbN addition. A remanent polarization value of 28.5 µC/cm² and a coercive field value of 11 kV/cm were measured from 0.62[0.25PMN–0.75PYbN]–0.38PT ceramics, which were close to the ones measured from PMN–0.32PT ceramics. In addition, the Curie temperature was found to increase with PYbN additions.     

Sintering and electrical properties of Nb5+ doped 0.63Bi(Mg1/2Ti1/2)O3–0.37PbTiO3 piezoelectric ceramics

Nb⁵⁺ doped 0.63Bi(Mg_1/2Ti_1/2)O₃–0.37PbTiO₃ (0.63BMT–0.37PT?+?xNb⁵⁺) ceramics have been fabricated by means of citrate sol–gel method and ordinary sintering. Effects of Nb⁵⁺ doping on the densification and various electrical properties were studied. The results indicated that the addition of a small amount of Nb⁵⁺ gradually changes the crystal structure from a typical rhombohedral-tetragonal coexisted structure to a nearly pure rhombohedral structure. A slight amount of secondary phases start to appear as the doping content of Nb⁵⁺ is more than 1.5?mol%, indicating that the solubility limit of Nb⁵⁺ in the matrix composition is reached. Moreover, electrical properties of the sintered ceramics were obviously changed based on the effect of densification and ionic substitution. 0.63BMT–0.37PT?+?0.005Nb⁵⁺ ceramics sintered at 1,020?°C exhibit optimum properties of piezoelectric constant d₃₃?~?245 pC/N, planar electromechanical coupling factor k_p?~?30?%, $ \varepsilon_{33}^{\text{T}} /\varepsilon_{\text{o}} $ ?~?1,220, and T_c?~?460?°C.     

半化学法制备0.80Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-0.20PbTiO3陶瓷的反应机理

采用半化学法制备了纯钙钛矿相的0.80Pb(Mgl/3Nb2/3)O3-0.20PbTiO3(简称为0.80PMN-0.20PT)陶瓷.反应前驱体是以硝酸镁的饱和溶液代替传统氧化物混合法中的氧化镁,与PbO、Nb2O5和TiO2混合球磨得到的.该前驱体的TG-DTG-DSC和XRD分析表明,半化学法的反应机理不同于传统氧化物混合法和二次合成法的反应机理.在煅烧过程中,硝酸镁与氧化铅反应生成铅的活化中间体Pb6O5(NO3)2,由此活化的PbO或Pb3O4可与Nb2O5生成不稳定的、缺B位的焦绿石相Pb3Nb2O8,再与MgO反应生成钙钛矿相PMN-PT.     

Effect of micro-region heterogeneity on phase structure and dielectric properties in Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3–PbTiO3–BaTiO3 ceramics

The phase structures of PZN-PT-BT ceramics under different synthesizing steps and thermal treatment were investigated. Although the calcinated powders (C.T. = 900 °C) of the compositions in tetragonal area exhibit pure tetragonal structure, the phase structures of the ceramics sintering at higher temperatures (S.T. 1080 °C) are the mixtures of tetragonal and rhombohedral. The content of tetragonal phase in PZN-PT-BT ceramics decreases further after the specimens are annealed. Dielectric and ferroelectric properties were studied. The annealed ceramics have higher average phase transition temperatures, lower frequency dispersions, lower dissipation factors and larger aging rates. The maximum of the dielectric constant and the spontaneous polarization at room temperature are almost unaffected by annealing process. The concept of nano-phase separation is assumed to explain the experimental results.