截止阀传动装置与结构的改进

介绍了截止在传努装置与结构上的改进方法，特点及其应用情况。     

新型高效射流搅拌发酵罐的开发和应用

射流搅拌发酵罐是在结合我国实际的基础上提出的一条既能有效利用压缩空气的能量以达到增强氧传递速率又能降低能耗的新途径。它造价低廉、经济效益显著 ,并经过多年工业实践的检验 ,是一种有推广价值的新型发酵罐。本文全面介绍了这种射流搅拌发酵罐的理论依据、工业实践数据和实验室研究的情况以及进一步优化的方向。     

高效节能发酵罐结构探讨

从谷氨酸发酵工艺改进出发,对发酵 罐的高度、高径比、冷却面积、传动转速、搅拌混合及尾气回收等进行论述。在突破传统发醇罐结构的基础上,提出了高效节能发酵所具有的结构特征。     

旋转喷淋式干红发酵罐的设计及改进方案

介绍了一种实用新型干红葡萄酒发酵罐。它利用设置在罐顶的旋转喷淋装置对浮于液面上的葡萄皮进行间歇喷淋。解决了葡萄皮由于长期与空气接触而变质发霉的问题。与上次介绍的压板式干红葡萄酒发酵罐的区别在于：它具有制造难度小、生产成本低、维护容易等优点。适用于中小型葡萄酒厂的推广与应用。     

大型氨基酸发酵罐的放大方法

1搅拌功率的放大 以单位体积搅拌功率No相等方法放大，其中No=Kn^3d5／m^3，K为搅拌叶功率准数，n为转数／分，(r．P．m)，d为搅拌叶直径[m]，在通气条件下的搅拌功率为Na     

Microorganisms in landfill bioreactors for accelerated stabilization of solid wastes

Landfill bioreactors (LBRs) with management of leachate and biogas have presented numerous advantages such as accelerated stabilization of solid wastes, reduced amount of leachate, and in situ leachate treatment. Such advantages have minimized environmental risks, have allowed extension of the useful life of the landfill site, and have fostered cost reduction. LBRs of three types have been developed using both anaerobic and aerobic modes: anaerobic, aerobic, and hybrid. Microorganisms in landfills cause various reactions related with organic fractions and heavy metals. Such functions have been stimulated in LBRs by recirculation of leachate with or without aeration. To date, most studies of microorganisms in LBRs have analyzed bacteria and archaea based on 16S rRNA genes and have analyzed fungi based on 18S rRNA genes from a taxonomical viewpoint. Indicator genes for specific functions in LBRs such as nitrification, denitrification, and methane production have also been monitored. The population dynamics of microorganisms in LBRs have been partially clarified, but the obtained data remain limited because of highly heterogeneous features of solid wastes inside LBRs. Systematic monitoring of microorganisms should be established to improve LBR performance.     

多管程换热器的泄漏及其改进

多管程换热器以往都采用在管箱内设置分程隔板来实现分程，由于加工和装配误差以及隔板两侧明显的壁温差导致的膨胀不致，往往引泄漏。本文为些提出“分程隔板予以改进。     

Immobilization of P450 monooxygenase and chloroplast for use in light-driven bioreactors

P450 monooxygenases exhibit great potential for application to bioreactors for the decomposition of various hydrophobic chemicals including pollutant compounds. P450-containing microsomes were immobilized in spinach chloroplasts for use in light-driven bioreactors. We tested three methods (entrapment, adsorption and cross-linking) to immobilize chloroplasts and yeast microsomes containing a genetically engineered fusion enzyme between rat P450 1A1 and yeast P450 reductase. Entrapment in agarose gave the best activity for the conversion of 7-ethoxycoumarin to 7-hydroxycoumarin under illumination of 6200 lx. We then tested three light-driven bioreactors (two column-type and one batch-type reactors developed) using the immobilized gels. A two-phase column-type reactor with separately immobilized microsomes and chloroplasts showed a higher conversion rate than a reactor with co-immobilization of both components. The reactor showed a turnover rate of 6.32 mol product/mol P450/min after a 40-min run, and 2.49 after a 180-min run. These turnover rates are higher than the values reported by others using immobilized microsomal P450s.     

澄油箱的结构改进

澄油箱是油脂压榨工艺中不可或缺的处理设备,对饼渣和油脂的分离起着至关重要的作用,但在生产使用过程中发现澄油箱结构存在一些问题,如:张紧链条造成箱体磨损;垂直提升,影响处理量;回转半径小,存料严重;易损件更换困难等。针对这些问题,对澄油箱的结构进行改进,如:将箱体改为倾斜的状态,跌落的物料会降至下一个刮料板上;将从动轴系改为主动轴系,原主动轴系改为张紧轴系并增大链轮与箱体的距离;增大从动链轮直径;饼渣卸落至箱体,通过隔板沉降后,穿过中间隔板的开孔,溢流至另一侧的箱体内;将内部隔板改为可快速拆卸的结构;将原副油箱的形状改为圆柱体。澄油箱的结构经改进后,生产实践发现,机器磨损减少,可满足更大处理量要求,去渣效果显著增加,设备寿命延长,设备维修率降低。     

Enzymic production of aldopentauronic acid and use as a bioregulator in plant airlift bioreactors

Neutral and acidic oligosaccharides were obtained from birchwood xylan by treatment with an endoxylanase, family 11 class, from Sporotrichum thermophile. The main acidic xylooligosaccharide (aldopentauronic acid) was separated from the hydrolysate by anion-exchange and size-exclusion chromatography and the structure was determined by 13C NMR spectroscopy. The aldopentauronic acid yield was 25% (w/w) of the total solubilized sugars. The addition of purified aldopentauronic acid at a concentration of 5 mg/l to cucumber liquid culture in 2.5-l airlift bioreactors caused in increase in both the number of regenerants and their fresh weight.     

生化-物化法处理草浆中段水的工艺改进

对原有草浆造纸中段废水处理工艺进行了改造,增加了一个污泥的吸附阶段,将气浮池的回流比改为35%,同时确定硫酸铝作为混凝剂,加药量控制在300～500mg/L的范围.从试验中发现,当气浮池的回流比由原来的21.3%改为35%时,悬浮物和色度的去除率分别提高了8%和9%,达到了较好的处理效果.通过以上改造,经运行后测定,出水达到了国家排放标准.     

填充床固态发酵生物反应器模拟研究进展

数学模型是固态发酵生物反应器设计、优化和操作的重要工具,它不仅可以指导SSF过程生物反应器的设计和操作,而且可以深入分析发酵系统内的各种现象从而控制整个发酵过程。文章分析近几年固态发酵填充床生物反应器的拟均相假设模拟模型、非均相假设模拟模型和间歇混合填充床生物反应器模拟模型,对模拟结果进行讨论,深入分析如何用数学方法描述SSF系统的传热传质模型。在分析填充床固态发酵底物床层的系统组成及其性质的基础上,提出利用多孔介质体积平均理论研究SSF系统传热传质过程的可能性。     

人工林桉树木材材色处理研究

试验用漂白剂、酸性染料和其它化学药剂,采用单纯漂白、单纯染色、先漂白再染色和化学着色等不同方案对人工林桉树木材进行了材色改良处理研究.结果发现:单纯漂白可获得一定的材色改良效果:硫化物类药剂配方,效果不明显;双氧水类、次氯酸钠类药剂配方,效果明显,可得到很好的漂白效果.单纯染色,比较难获得好的效果.采用先漂白后染色,获得的材色过于鲜艳.草酸类药剂配方,效果明显,可消除材色缺陷;根据不同配方和处理工艺,可获得从浅粉红色到红棕色的色调.用双氧水做活性剂,引入带发色团的化学药剂,材色改良效果明显,通过调整配方药品的浓度和处理工艺可获得从浅黄色到橙黄色的不同色调和较佳的材质.     

搪玻璃反应罐减速机支座结构的改进

通过分析和实践，对搪玻璃反应罐减速机支应进行改进。从而方便了减速机与支座的安装。     

大豆蛋白复合纤维内部结构的研究

为了研究大豆蛋白复合纤维的内部结构,通过红外光谱和x-衍射等方法,对大豆蛋白复合纤维和相关的蛋白质纤维的内部结构进行了分析和比较.结果表明:大豆蛋白复合纤维有较高的结晶指数和较低的取向度;大豆蛋白复合纤维与维纶纤维的显微-红外光谱图基本相同.说明大豆蛋白复合纤维与维纶纤维的化学成分及结合键的形式基本相同,大豆蛋白复合纤维的蛋白质成分较低.