油田注入水引起储层伤害研究

油田注水开发是提高原油采收率的重要手段,大量研究表明,其主要的影响因素是注入水水质方案和操作及管理水平。油田经长期的注水开发,注入水改变了储层的物性、岩电性及油水动态分布,本文研究了注入水对储层伤害机理及变化特征,注入水中含油量、固体颗粒粒径、含菌浓度对开发的影响。     

关于开发碳四、碳五馏分生产丙烯技术方案的探讨

利用蒸汽裂解和炼油工艺的碳四和碳五馏分生产丙烯是增产丙烯的一条重要途径。介绍了国外几种主要的技术以及我国在此领域研究的最新成果。认为在原来以重质石油组分生产轻烯烃的基础上，可以开发出我国自己的技术。     

大孔道地层的注水剖面测井解释方法研究

对于大孔道地层,放射性同位素示踪测井无法准确地录取注水剖面的资料,一些生产单位提出了结合放射性同位素示踪测井和电磁流量计测井的方法解决大孔道注水剖面测井资料录取问题,本文对该测井方法的解释问题进行了研究,取得了较好的解释效果。     

Simultaneous Improvement of Grain Yield and Quality through Manipulating Two Type C G Protein Gamma Subunits in Rice

Heterotrimeric G protein signaling is an evolutionarily conserved mechanism in diverse organisms that mediates intracellular responses to external stimuli. In rice, the G proteins are involved in the regulation of multiple important agronomic traits. In this paper, we present our finding that two type C G protein gamma subunits, DEP1 and GS3, antagonistically regulated grain yield and grain quality. The DEP1 gene editing we conducted, significantly increased the grain number per panicle but had a negative impact on taste value, texture properties, and chalkiness-related traits. The GS3 gene editing decreased grain number per panicle but significantly increased grain length. In addition, the GS3 gene-edited plants showed improved taste value, appearance, texture properties, and Rapid Visco Analyser (RVA) profiles. To combine the advantages of both gs3 and dep1, we conducted a molecular design breeding at the GS3 locus of a “super rice” variety, SN265, which has a truncated dep1 allele with erect panicle architecture, high-yield performance, and which is of mediocre eating quality. The elongated grain size of the sn265/gs3 gene-edited plants further increased the grain yield. More importantly, the texture properties and RVA profiles were significantly improved, and the taste quality was enhanced. Beyond showcasing the combined function of dep1 and gs3, this paper presents a strategy for the simultaneous improvement of rice grain yield and quality through manipulating two type C G protein gamma subunits in rice.     

流动注射法测定红酒中总氰化物的不确定度评定

建立了应用AA3流动注射仪测定葡萄酒中氰化物的分析方法:酒样(由自动进样器采集)及试剂在蠕动泵的推动下,于密闭的管路中通过分析模块发生完全的化学反应后,进入流动检测池进行光度检测,由数据处理系统自动处理分析数据;并且系统地分析了整个检测过程的不确定度来源,对各个不确定度分量进行量化。结果显示:在0~22.40μg/L线性区间内该方法具有线性关系好,较高的精密度和准确度,以及较低的检出限0.037μg/L和不确定度的量化结果。结论:首次建立了应用AA3流动注射仪测定葡萄酒中氰化物的分析方法,与传统异烟酸-吡唑啉酮分光光度法相比,该方法具有自动进样、分析速率快、试剂耗量低等优点。     

Photo‐Induced Hydrogel Formation Based on g‐C3N4 Nanosheets with Self‐Cross‐Linked 3D Framework for UV Protection Application

Composite hydrogels of graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets (CNNS) and polyacrylamide (PAM) with superior UV absorption and visible transparence capabilities are reported. CNNS is employed not only as a photocatalytic initiator to trigger the polymerization of acrylamide, but also as a cross‐linker to 3D connected PAM chains via hydrogen bonds. The obtained CNNS/PAM hydrogels are highly moldable for preparing various forms, and have good mechanical properties, self‐healing ability, and photo‐stability. Furthermore, the composite hydrogels have a wide spectral range for UV absorption compared to conventional UV protective materials. Besides the complete screening of UVB (280–315 nm) in sun radiation, the CNNS/PAM hydrogel film can also filter >95% UVA radiation (315–400 nm) by regulating the coating thickness, meanwhile retaining a high visible transmittance. Therefore, the CNNS/PAM hydrogels have potential applications for shielding UV radiation. Additionally, this strategy provides a common and facile route to fabricate functional composite hydrogels via photo‐induced polymerization.     

分子印迹流动注射化学发光测定胞嘧啶核苷

以胞嘧啶核苷为目标分子,合成对其有专一性识别的分子印迹聚合物(MIP)。在酸性条件下,利用HCl-KMn O4-HCHO发光体系,结合流动注射化学发光(FI-CL)分析方法,创建对胞嘧啶核苷测定有特异性识别的MIP-FI-CL分析方法,其线性范围为8×10-5~1×10-3mol/L,检出限为4×10-5mol/L。利用此方法测定复杂样品中胞嘧啶核苷的含量,结果令人满意。     

中药注射剂致死亡59例调查与分析

目的了解中药注射剂在临床应用中导致死亡的主要原因和特点。方法以国内公开发行的医药期刊中有关中药注射剂致死的病例报道为基础进行分析整理。结果致死病例报道涉及17种中药注射剂,以葛根素、双黄连、复方丹参、清开灵、柴胡、鱼腥草、茵栀黄等报道频率较高;严重过敏是中药注射剂致死的最主要原因,给药方法不合理、抢救时机与措施不当也与死亡有关。结论中药注射剂临床应用的安全性问题应引起医药人员的高度重视。     

动态注射成型中脉动压力衰减程度的研究

在脉动压力诱导注射成型中,研究不同外部加工条件对脉动压力衰减程度的影响。实验结果表明,脉动压力衰减值随螺杆振幅的增大而增大,随流道系统长度的增大而增大,随流道系统直径增大而减小。并且脉动压力衰减值越小,其传递效果越好。     

短玻纤聚丙烯水辅注塑中注水压力控制方式的数值模拟

基于广义非牛顿本构方程,采用有限体积法对不同注水压力控制方式下短玻纤聚丙烯水辅注射成型进行数值模拟。研究表明,注水压力控制方式的改变,会对水辅注塑制件的残余壁厚、偏心率产生一定的影响;使用折线式的控制方式,不同分组之间残余壁厚大小相近,偏心率均较大,同一分组下残余壁厚的变化较小;使用阶跃式的控制方式,不同分组下残余壁厚大小都不相近,且偏心率较小,同一分组下残余壁厚的变化较大。     

含C4A3S矿物硅酸盐水泥中混合材反应程度的研究

采用非蒸发水量法测定含硫铝酸钙矿物水泥的水化程度,萃取法测定该水泥中混合材的反应程度,通过SEM/EDS观察分析水化产物形貌和种类.结果表明:粉煤灰水泥的水化程度高于同龄期的矿渣水泥的水化程度,粉煤灰的反应程度高于矿渣的反应程度.同龄期粉煤灰水泥中的水化产物多于矿渣水泥的水化产物,且水化产物发育更良好.     

流动注射分析法在线检测R值的研究

从化学酸碱平衡理论及质子条件建立了pH,磷酸盐浓度与R值算法的教学模型,提出了一种在线快速检测R值的流动注射分析方法,并采用MCS－51单片机研制了在线R值流动注射分析仪,取得了良好的检测结果。     

流动注射法测定水中挥发酚的不确定度评估

通过对流动注射法测定水中挥发酚整个实验过程的分析,对挥发酚标准溶液及稀释,标准曲线的拟合,样品重复检测方面引入的不确定度进行了量化定值,建立数学模型,最终确定其不确定度。     

Genome-Wide Analysis Identified a Set of Conserved lncRNAs Associated with Domestication-Related Traits in Rice

Crop domestication, which gives rise to a number of desirable agronomic traits, represents a typical model system of plant evolution. Numerous genomic evidence has proven that noncoding RNAs such as microRNAs and phasiRNAs, as well as protein-coding genes, are selected during crop domestication. However, limited data shows plant long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are also involved in this biological process. In this study, we performed strand-specific RNA sequencing of cultivated rice Oryza sativa ssp. japonica and O. sativa ssp. indica, and their wild progenitor O. rufipogon. We identified a total of 8528 lncRNAs, including 4072 lncRNAs in O. rufipogon, 2091 lncRNAs in japonica rice, and 2365 lncRNAs in indica rice. The lncRNAs expressed in wild rice were revealed to be shorter in length and had fewer exon numbers when compared with lncRNAs from cultivated rice. We also identified a number of conserved lncRNAs in the wild and cultivated rice. The functional study demonstrated that several of these conserved lncRNAs are associated with domestication-related traits in rice. Our findings revealed the feature and conservation of lncRNAs during rice domestication and will further promote functional studies of lncRNAs in rice.     

球磨法制备超细稻壳二氧化硅

将稻壳用10％(体积分数)的盐酸处理后在600℃焚烧得到稻壳二氧化硅,再利用球磨法进行研磨,得到平均粒径为5.01 μm、分散度为1.31的超细稻壳二氧化硅粉体.研究了研磨时间、球料比和磨球直径对粉体粒径的影响,并对研磨前后粉体的性质、红外光谱(FTIR)及X-衍射图谱(XRD)进行了比较.结果表明:合适的球料比、磨球...     

稻壳一次煅烧水热合成P型分子筛

稻壳经稀盐酸煮沸后,用去离子水洗涤至中性,干燥后粉碎并与一定质量的Na2CO3和Al(OH)3粉末混合均匀置于马弗炉中煅烧,煅烧产物采用水热合成法合成P型分子筛.研究发现(SiO2占干燥酸洗稻壳质量分数的20％)当煅烧温度为850℃,煅烧时间为8h,Na2 O/SiO2＝1.2,SiO2/Al2 O3＝4.0,H2 O...     

碳四-轻烃共裂解多产低碳烯烃研究

针对低碳烯烃装置原料紧张和炼油厂（简称炼厂）碳四产品过剩的问题,利用KSPA装置对炼厂碳四—轻烃在裂解炉中的共裂解状况进行考察;探索炼厂碳四用作蒸汽裂解原料的可行性,确定了炼厂碳四—轻烃共裂解过程中炼厂碳四的最佳加入量。从炼厂碳四单独裂解和共裂解的目的产物收率的对比分析可看出：炼厂碳四—轻烃共裂解,乙烯、三烯收率有较大的提高,济效益显著。     

水稻及土壤中稻瘟酯的残留分析方法

建立了水稻及土壤中微量稻瘟酯的残留分析方法.样品经丙酮提取、氧化铝层析净化,进气相色谱FTD检测.该方法对稻瘟酯标样的最小检知量为1.0×10-10 g,对秧苗、谷壳、米粉和土壤的最低检出质量分数分别为0.01、0.02、0.005、0.005 mg/kg,样品回收率为70.17%～101.2%,变异系数在1.53%～9.10%之间.