A macroscopic mechanical model of the wire sawing process

Based on experimental results, performed on an instrumented single wire saw, an analytical model for the macroscopic mechanical conditions in the wire sawing process is presented. The model describes the influence of important process parameters like wire velocity, feed velocity and tension force as well as geometric relations like ingot size and wire length to the lapping pressure and the shape of the formed wire bow. The model is based on macroscopic, measurable, machining parameters and uses the experimentally determined relation between pressure and removal rate according to Prestons law. The derived equations are used to study the influence of typical process parameters systematically and the results are exemplified for the production line of 6 in solar wafers.     

Study of specific discharge energy in WEDM and its application

The relationship between machining parameters and machining characteristics of different materials in WEDM is difficult to obtain because a large number of experiments must be conducted repeatedly. A new concept attempting to solve this problem is presented in this paper. The specific discharge energy (SDE) defining as the real energy required to remove a unit volume of material is proposed. The SDE is constant for a specific material. Experimental results reveal that the relative relationship of SDE between different materials is invariant as long as all materials are machined under the same machining conditions. It is also found that the materials having close value of SDE demonstrate very similar machining characteristics such as machining speed, discharge frequency, groove width and surface finish of the machined surface under the same machining conditions. This result can be applied for the determination of the settings of machining parameters of different materials. Furthermore, by dimensional analysis of SDE, a quantitative relationship between machining characteristics such as the material removal rate and the efficiency of material removal and machining parameters is derived.     

State of the art in wire electrical discharge machining (WEDM)

Wire electrical discharge machining (WEDM) is a specialised thermal machining process capable of accurately machining parts with varying hardness or complex shapes, which have sharp edges that are very difficult to be machined by the main stream machining processes. This practical technology of the WEDM process is based on the conventional EDM sparking phenomenon utilising the widely accepted non-contact technique of material removal. Since the introduction of the process, WEDM has evolved from a simple means of making tools and dies to the best alternative of producing micro-scale parts with the highest degree of dimensional accuracy and surface finish quality.Over the years, the WEDM process has remained as a competitive and economical machining option fulfilling the demanding machining requirements imposed by the short product development cycles and the growing cost pressures. However, the risk of wire breakage and bending has undermined the full potential of the process drastically reducing the efficiency and accuracy of the WEDM operation. A significant amount of research has explored the different methodologies of achieving the ultimate WEDM goals of optimising the numerous process parameters analytically with the total elimination of the wire breakages thereby also improving the overall machining reliability.This paper reviews the vast array of research work carried out from the spin-off from the EDM process to the development of the WEDM. It reports on the WEDM research involving the optimisation of the process parameters surveying the influence of the various factors affecting the machining performance and productivity. The paper also highlights the adaptive monitoring and control of the process investigating the feasibility of the different control strategies of obtaining the optimal machining conditions. A wide range of WEDM industrial applications are reported together with the development of the hybrid machining processes. The final part of the paper discusses these developments and outlines the possible trends for future WEDM research.     

电火花钛合金加工的数值模拟(英文)

建立电火花钛合金加工的三维有限元轴对称热物理模型。为了更好地预测温度场分布和材料去除效率,采用模型分析了基于电流和脉宽变化的等离子体半径、熔化和气化潜热、能量分配系数和高斯分布的热流密度等影响因素,模拟了单脉冲电火花放电加工钛合金的温度场,并研究了沿放电凹坑的半径方向上温度场分布的放电参数。通过实验数据的对比,验证该模型在材料去除效率方面具有很好的预测效果。     

Cr12MoV钢冲模模板线切割开裂失效分析及工艺改进

采用化学成分分析、硬度测试、扫描电镜和光学显微镜等方法,对Cr12MoV钢冲模模板在线切割加工时发生的开裂失效原因进行分析。结果表明,模板原材料共晶碳化物偏析严重,大块碳化物尺寸超标是导致其在线切割时开裂的主要原因。通过改进锻造及热处理工艺,解决了模板线切割开裂失效的问题。     

Fundamental geometry analysis of wire electrical discharge machining in corner cutting

Fundamental geometry properties of wire electrical discharge machining (WEDM) process in corner cutting is studied. The concept of discharge-angle is introduced, and its mathematical expression is derived by analytical geometry. A model to estimate the metal removal rate (MRR) in geometrical cutting is developed by considering wire deflection with transformed exponential trajectory of wire centre. The computed MRR is compared with measured sparking frequency of the process since they are equivalent to each other for an iso-energy type machine. A very good agreement is obtained. Both of the discharge-angle and MRR drop drastically to a minimum value depending on the corner angle being cut as the guides arrive at the corner apex, and then recover to the same level of straight-path cutting sluggishly. Hence the observed phenomenon of increased gap-voltage and decreased sparking frequency in corner cutting can be physically interpreted. In addition, the variation of the machining load caused by the change of MRR, which was taken as unknown disturbance in the past, can be predicted and used for control purpose.