共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
2.
Due to the small width and the large train blockage ratio in subway tunnel, the smoke back-layering will be different from that in the wider road tunnel with small vehicle blockage ratio. In the train blockage region of tunnel, the velocity of longitudinal ventilated air-flow interacting with the back-flowed smoke gas is different from that in the upstream tunnel without train blockage. Then the back-flowed smoke gas might be prevented in the train blockage region with higher ventilation velocity, otherwise it would be stopped in the upstream tunnel without train blockage but with lower ventilation velocity. They were taken into consideration separately and an equivalent fire source was introduced by dividing the dimensionless heat release rate of fire source into two parts in the cases where the smoke back-layering length is longer than metro train length. A series of full-scale numerical simulations are carried out with FDS to investigate the smoke back-layering length in subway tunnel with different train lengths and longitudinal ventilation velocities. The simulation results indicate that the influence of metro train length on the smoke back-layering is great and cannot be ignored any more. A global correlation model is proposed based on the dimensionless analysis and simulation results. 相似文献
3.
Effects of the ventilation duct arrangement and duct geometry on ventilation performance in a subway tunnel 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Yuan-dong Huang Xiao-lu Gong Yue-jiao Peng Xiao-yu Lin Chang-Nyung Kim 《Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology incorporating Trenchless Technology Research》2011,26(6):725-733
This study has investigated numerically the effects of the ventilation duct number and duct geometry on duct ventilation performance in a subway tunnel. A three-dimensional numerical model using the dynamic layering method for the moving boundary of a train, which was validated against the model tunnel experimental data in a previous study, is adopted to simulate train-induced unsteady tunnel flows. For the tunnel and subway train geometries that are exactly the same as those used in the model tunnel experimental test, but with the ventilation ducts being connected to the tunnel ceiling, the three-dimensional tunnel flows are simulated numerically under five different ventilation duct numbers and two different duct geometries. The numerical results reveal that: (1) for a given total area of openings, the ventilation duct number has little influence on the total mass flow of the air sucked into the tunnel through the ventilation ducts while the total mass flow of the air pushed out of the tunnel through the ducts increases remarkably with the increase in the duct number; (2) with the increase of the distance between a specific ventilation duct and the tunnel inlet the suction mass flow through the duct decreases significantly while the exhaust mass flow through the duct increases greatly, i.e., the location of a specific duct has a strong impact on the total suction and exhaust mass flows through the ventilation duct; (3) as the linkage angle between the tunnel ceiling and the upstream side wall of a duct is changed from 90° to 45°, the size of the re-circulation area inside the duct is much reduced when the train approaches the duct and thus the amount of air pushed out of the duct is greatly increased (i.e. the exhaust effect through the duct is remarkably strengthened). 相似文献
4.
Longhua Hu Long Wu Kaihua Lu Xiaochun Zhang Shuai Liu Zengwei Qiu 《Building Simulation》2014,7(2):137-146
This paper presents a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation investigation of most effective cooperative operation mode of the tunnel rail track area exhaust system and the platform ventilation system for the emergency scenario of a train on fire stopping beside the platform of a subway station. CFD simulations are carried out by fire dynamics simulator (FDS) to analyse and compare the computed field distributions of smoke temperature and visibility, as to find out the most optimal cooperation mode of these ventilation systems. Results show that only starting the over track exhaust (OTE) system can control the smoke more effectively than starting both the OTE system and the under platform exhaust (UPE) system at the same time. In addition, setting the platform ventilation system as exhaust pattern can provide better control performance than setting it as air supply pattern, in counteracting the smoke flowed into the platform from the fire train. Therefore, it is found out and suggested that in such an emergency condition, the most effective strategic cooperative ventilation mode is only starting the OTE system of the tunnel rail track area with the aid of activation the smoke exhaust pattern of the platform ventilation system. 相似文献
5.
Solid curtains can be installed in subway tunnels for the promotion of air ventilation in ventilation ducts in association with the piston effect caused by a running train. With an aim to analyze the effects of solid curtains on duct ventilation performance in a subway tunnel, the current study adopts the tunnel and subway train geometries which are exactly the same as those in a previous model tunnel experiment, but newly incorporates two ventilation ducts connected vertically to the tunnel ceiling and two solid curtains placed at an upstream position of a duct near the tunnel inlet and at a downstream position of another duct near the tunnel outlet, respectively. A three-dimensional CFD model adopting the dynamic layering method for tracking the motion of a train, which was validated against the reported model tunnel experiment in a previous study, is employed to predict the train-induced unsteady airflows in the subway tunnel and in the ducts. The numerical results reveal that the duct ventilation performance in a subway tunnel strongly depends on the operation of the solid curtains. The suction mass flow of the air through the duct near the tunnel inlet and the exhaust mass flow of the air through the duct near the tunnel outlet are increased considerably in the case with the solid curtains in comparison with those in the case without the solid curtains. 相似文献
6.
对列车所处位置在扑救火灾时的影响进行利弊分析,证明地铁列车发生火灾时,停在站台处置比停在隧道内处置具有人员疏散逃生方便、排烟效果好、救援人员行动便捷、灭火战斗行动快速等明显优势。在处置地铁列车火灾中排烟和救人是最重要的措施,应根据燃烧部位和列车停靠位置的不同,正确选择送排烟方向,及时组织人员疏散。 相似文献
7.
8.
针对某地铁双层岛式车站,利用FDS模拟研究无屏蔽门和有屏蔽门两种情况发生火灾的场景,分析温度和烟气浓度分布,并对结果进行比较分析。结果表明,屏蔽门对于火灾烟气的扩散有显著的抑制作用,对地铁站台设计、火灾时人员疏散等具有一定的理论指导。 相似文献
9.
Jung-Yup Kim Kwang-Yong Kim 《Journal of Wind Engineering & Industrial Aerodynamics》2009,97(5-6):174-179
A computational analysis of a ventilation system in a subway tunnel is carried out by solving 3D Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations for train-induced unsteady flow using the sharp interface method as the model for the moving boundary of an immersed solid. The ventilation performance is evaluated depending on the location of the vent shaft by analyzing the ventilating flow rate through the shaft and the feature of the flow field in the subway tunnel around the shaft. It is found that the optimum location of the vent shaft with respect to maximizing ventilation performance lies near the station. 相似文献
10.
地铁车站火灾烟气蔓延数值模拟分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
分析了地铁火灾特性。利用FDS对天津地铁某站在发生火灾时的烟气温度与能见度分布情况进行了数值模拟,并对模拟结果进行分析,结果表明,360s时最不利点温度小于45℃,能见度为6~7m,完全满足火灾工况下的人员安全疏散对温度和能见度的要求,故该车站设计满足火灾时人员安全疏散的要求。 相似文献
11.
为了增强广州地铁轨道交通消防应急能力,通过构建数学模型,对地铁消防应急救援站点优化选址进行研究,首先建立考虑广州地铁轨道实际情况的限制时间模型和必选与非选站点模型,接着利用Lingo 18.0软件对限制时间模型进行求解,再利用必选与非选站点模型进行优化,对于被重复覆盖的消防应急救援服务需求站点,选择距离最近的地铁消防应急救援站点作为需求站点的消防应急救援力量出发站点。最后从241个地铁站点中选出40个站点作为地铁消防应急救援站点,实现对所有地铁站点救援服务覆盖。 相似文献
12.
讨论了地铁中常用的几种移动式排烟装备的性能和特点,通过中山北一路地铁试验,测试了地铁中的烟气流动态势,分析了地铁烟气流动特点。系统的阐述了地铁中移动式排烟装备的应用战术——正压送风,负压排风,并通过试验分析了消防水枪水力排烟在地铁火场中的应用。 相似文献
13.
14.
基于火灾动力学理论与大型换乘地铁站火灾特点,利用FDS软件(郑州大学超算中心6.7.5版本)对郑州紫荆山地铁站进行火灾数值模拟,通过布置在地铁站台层、站厅层、转换层各个区域以及所有楼扶梯处的火灾探测点,分析火源位于地下四层的二号线站台层时能见度随时间的变化情况。根据能见度与速度的折减公式,计算不同时间节点的速度折减系数。然后在Pathfinder(2020版本)车站疏散模型各区域中导入人群疏散速度折减系数,并与速度未折减时的情况进行对比分析,得到更加精确的疏散人员动态速度。结果发现在靠近火源位置且跨度为两层的楼扶梯上更容易发生人员滞留。 相似文献
15.
16.
地铁区间隧道火灾通风模式的数值分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
介绍了地铁区间隧道火灾常见的几种通风排烟模式,对其中一种最复杂的模式进行了数值分析。模拟分析得出,对于地铁实际工程中的单线盾构圆形隧道,在10 MW火灾强度下,着火区间隧道内2.6~2.9 m/s左右的纵向风速可以有效阻止烟气发生逆流;在着火区间隧道2.9 m/s的纵向风速下,未着火区间隧道两端对送送风速度为1~1.5 m/s时,联络通道内有风速为6 m/s左右的气流流向着火区间隧道,可有效抑制烟气通过联络通道向未着火区间隧道蔓延,保证人员的安全疏散。 相似文献
17.
18.
19.
In this study, numerical simulation was carried out to analyze the effect of the aspect ratio on smoke movement in tunnel fires using FDS 3.0. Temperature distribution under the ceiling showed a relatively good agreement with experimental results within 10 °C. It confirmed the possibility of application of FDS code to tunnel fires. Results from varying of the aspect ratio showed good agreement with experimental data. Temperature near the fire source decreased with the increase of the aspect ratio. But, the rate of the temperature decrease was reduced by the decrease of the heat loss in the spanwise direction. Clear height of the simulation by the analysis of the velocity distribution was about 3% higher than that of the experimental result. Numerical results predicted the back-layering distance and the critical velocity reasonably. 相似文献
20.
Jae Seong Roh Seung Shin Yang Hong Sun Ryou Myong O Yoon Youn Tae Jeong 《Building and Environment》2008,43(7):1225-1231
The 1/20 reduced-scale experiments using Froude scaling are conducted to investigate the effect of longitudinal ventilation velocity on the burning rate in tunnel fires. The n-heptane pool fires with heat release rate ranging from 3.71 to 15.6 kW are used in this study. A load cell is used to measure the mass loss rate of burning fuel and the temperature distributions are measured by K-type thermocouples in order to investigate smoke movement. The ventilation velocity in the reduced-scale tunnel is controlled by the wind tunnel through an inverter. The increases in ventilation velocity lead to enhance burning rate of n-heptane fuel. The reason is that the oxygen supply effect prevails rather than the cooling effect as the ventilation velocity increases. As a result, the heat release rates in experiment are larger than constant heat release rates by 4.45–11.3 times in the n-heptane pool fires. Also, it is found that non-dimensional critical ventilation velocity is proportional to one-third power of non-dimensional heat release rate. 相似文献