茶粉饲料添加剂对鸡蛋黄品质的影响

分析在蛋鸡饲料中添加茶粉对鸡蛋黄重要品质的影响,对实验数据进行单因素方差分析。结果表明:随着茶粉添加量的增加蛋黄色泽越来越深(P0.01);添加茶粉对鸡蛋黄中胆固醇含量有极显著影响(P0.01),1%的茶粉添加量使鸡蛋黄中胆固醇降低9.8%;添加茶粉对鸡蛋黄中VA含量有显著影响(P0.05),1.5%的茶粉添加量使鸡蛋黄中VA含量增加22%;添加茶粉对鸡蛋黄中VE含量有极显著影响(P0.01),0.5%、1%、1.5%的茶粉添加量使鸡蛋黄中VE含量增加23.52%、50.59%、68.10%;茶粉饲料添加剂能明显改善鸡蛋黄质构和鸡蛋黄口感。综合考虑认为添加量在1%~1.5%较合适。     

饲粮中添加不同水平油菜花粉对蛋黄和鸡肉组织脂肪酸组成的影响

目的分析饲粮中添加不同水平油菜花粉对蛋黄和鸡肉组织脂肪酸组成的影响。方法选用210日龄的海兰褐壳蛋鸡540只,随机分为4组,基础饲粮中分别添加0%(A组)、3%(B组)、5%(C组)、8%(D组)的油菜花粉,预饲1周后,连续饲喂50 d后改喂基础饲粮,观察至第70 d。结果实验前期(0~50 d)蛋黄中ω-3PUFA、α-ALA、DHA含量随着饲粮中油菜花粉添加量的增加而增加,D组增加极显著(P0.01)。蛋黄中ω-6/ω-3PUFA比值随着花粉添加量的增加而降低,其中D组在第5d至30d降低极显著(P0.01)。实验后期(50~70d)蛋黄中ω-3 PUFA、α-ALA、DHA含量和ω-6/ω-3PUFA比值逐渐恢复至对照组水平。添加花粉对脑组织中脂肪酸组成无显著影响(P0.05);胸肌中ω-3PUFA含量随着花粉添加量的增加而明显降低,其中C组差异极显著(P0.01),D组差异显著(P0.05);各花粉添加组鸡肝中ω-3PUFA含量分别为1.96%、1.89%、3.11%和3.28%,D组差异极显著(P0.01),脂肪组织中ω-3PUFA含量分别为1.61%、1.84%、1.86%、2.27%,D组差异显著(P0.05)。结论饲粮中添加油菜花粉能够提高蛋黄、肝脏和脂肪组织中ω-3PUFA的含量,在3%、5%和8%三个花粉添加水平中以8%花粉添加水平效果最好。     

稳定同位素质谱技术追溯鸡蛋中的色素来源

研究了用同位素质谱仪测定鸡蛋中的δ13C、δ15N值,追溯鸡蛋中色素来源的方法。320只产蛋鸡随机分为4个玉米含量不同组和4个色素添加量不同组,在试验前期第28 d和后期第56 d测定蛋黄的RCF、δ13C、δ15N值。结果表明:玉米组中,随着玉米含量的增加,各组的RCF值和δ13C值也随之增加,并且各组之间差异极显著(P0.01);后期10%玉米组与70%玉米组互换饲料后,其蛋黄的RCF值和δ13C值与各自前期相比,差异极显著(P0.01),其他未改变饲料的两组与前期比较,差异不显著(P0.05)。色素组中,前期随着色素添加量的增加,蛋黄RCF值显著升高(P0.05),撤除色素后,各处理间的RCF值差异不显著(P0.05);蛋黄的δ13C值在撤除色素前后差异均不显著(P0.05)。玉米组中,蛋黄色度与其δ13C值呈显著正相关(P0.01),色素组中不存在相关性,当两组的RCF值相同时,δ13C值有显著差异。通过测定蛋黄的δ13C值可以追溯鸡蛋中的色素来源。     

椰子油和单月桂酸甘油酯对断奶仔猪生产性能及粪便微生物的影响

研究椰子油和单月桂酸甘油酯对断奶仔猪生长性能、血清生化指标及粪便微生物的影响.结果表明:饲料中添加椰子油和单月桂酸甘油酯对断奶仔猪生产性能影响差异不显著(P＞0.05),豆油组较椰子油组中添加单月桂酸甘油酯平均日增重效果更好(P＜0.05).与豆油组相比,椰子油组血清甘油三酯含量显著降低(P＜0.05);添加单月桂酸甘油酯血清甘油三酯含量显著降低(P＜0.05),碱性磷酸酶极显著升高(P＜0.01);与豆油加椰子油组相比,添加单月桂酸甘油酯血清中总胆固醇、甘油三酯和肌酐含量显著提高(P＜0.05),血清中碱性磷酸酶极显著提高(P＜0.01);椰子油组较豆油组中添加单月桂酸甘油酯,血清中总胆固醇、甘油三酯和肌酐含量显著提高(P＜0.05),总蛋白含量极显著提高(P＜0.01),血清中碱性磷酸酶含量极显著降低(P＜0.01).椰子油和单月桂酸甘油酯都能极显著降低粪便中总菌落数(P＜0.01).     

饲用大曲对肉兔生产性能和血液生化指标的影响

采用单因子试验设计,研究饲用大曲时肉兔生产性能的影响.结果表明:试验组肉兔腹泻率和死亡率降低;0.3%组平均日增重极显著高于对照组(P＜0.01),0.3%组平均日采食量极显著高于其余各组(P＜0.01),试验组料肉比均低于对照组(P＞0.05);对血液生化指标没有显著影响(P＞0.05);0.1%组、0.2%组经济效益较对照组分别提高3.88%、6.39%.饲用大曲在肉兔饲粮中适宜添加量为0.2%.     

不同饲养方式对各产蛋阶段鸡蛋品质的影响

目的:比较不同饲养方式对鸡蛋品质的影响,为蛋鸡产业化生产提供指导。方法:以如皋黄鸡为试验素材,采用笼养和平养两种饲养方式,测定不同产蛋阶段常规蛋品质、营养成分和矿物元素含量。结果:产蛋初期,平养条件下蛋黄色泽、脂肪和胆固醇含量极显著高于笼养(P0.01),铜和铁含量显著低于笼养(P0.05)。产蛋中期,平养条件下蛋壳强度、蛋黄重量、蛋黄比率、蛋黄蛋白比均显著低于笼养(P0.05);哈氏单位以及蛋白质、维生素E和氨基酸含量均显著高于笼养(P0.05);蛋黄色泽、维生素A和胆固醇含量均极显著高于笼养(P0.01),锰含量极显著低于笼养(P0.01)。产蛋后期,平养条件下胆固醇含量极显著高于笼养(P0.01);蛋白质、维生素A和铜含量显著高于笼养(P0.05);锰含量极显著低于笼养(P0.01);硒含量显著低于笼养(P0.05)。结论:不同产蛋阶段,饲养方式对鸡蛋品质均有一定的影响。     

利用体外产气法研究异位酸对山羊瘤胃发酵的影响

应用体外产气法模拟瘤胃发酵,通过测定24 h体外累计产气量、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)的降解率和细菌氮含量,研究添加不同水平异位酸对山羊瘤胃发酵的影响.试验采用单因子设计,异位酸的添加水平分别为0%、0.1%、0.2%、0.4%和0.6%,每个水平4个重复.结果表明,与对照组相比,添加0.2%和0.4%水平的异位酸组能显著提高24 h累计产气量(P＜0.05);NDF降解率显著提高(P＜0.05),其中以0.2%水平的异位酸组NDF降解率最高(P＜0.01);细菌氮含量差异极显著提高(P＜0.01),其中以0.4%水平的异位酸组细菌氮含量最高(P＜0.01).日粮中的异位酸的适宜添加水平为0.2%～0.4%.     

杜仲对异育银鲫肌肉品质和血清SOD、溶菌酶活性的影响

在基础饲料(对照组)中分别添加1%杜仲皮、1%杜仲叶和1%杜仲汁饲喂异育银鲫,考察对其肉质及免疫功能的影响.结果表明:对照组、杜仲皮组、杜仲叶组、杜仲汁组异育银鲫肌肉失水率分别为25.17%、21.77%、26.57%和17.80%,肌原纤维长度(反映肌纤维耐折力)分别为288.1、365.7、342.2和307.6 μm,羟脯氨酸含量分别为0.132、0.222、0.168和0.185 mg/g,其中添加1%杜仲皮、1%杜仲汁可极显著降低肌肉失水率(P＜0.01),提高羟脯氨酸含量(P＜0.05);添加1%杜仲皮、1%杜仲叶可使肌纤维耐折力显著增加(P＜0.05);在血清非特性免疫指标方面,添加1%杜仲叶、1%杜仲汁可提高血清超氧化歧化酶(SOD)活性(P＜0.05),但对溶菌酶活性无影响(P＞0.05).     

饲喂银杏叶超微粉对鸡蛋胆固醇含量的影响

实验旨在研究银杏叶超微粉对鸡蛋胆固醇含量的影响。选择健康55周龄的罗曼白商品蛋鸡192羽,随机分为对照组和实验组共4组,每组3个重复,每个重复16羽,对照组饲喂基础日粮,实验组在基础日粮中分别添加0.60%、0.80%、1.00%的银杏叶超微粉,预试期7d,正试期28d。结果表明:在第7、28d时,添加银杏叶超微粉对蛋重和蛋黄重、蛋黄相对重影响不显著(p>0.05);第14d时,0.60%、0.80%银杏叶超微粉添加组蛋黄重较对照组差异显著(p<0.05),蛋重和蛋黄相对重差异不显著(p>0.05);第21d时,0.80%、1.00%银杏叶超微粉添加组蛋黄重和蛋黄相对重较对照组差异显著(p<0.05),蛋重差异不显著(p>0.05)。整个实验期,蛋黄胆固醇含量和鸡蛋胆固醇含量较对照组差异显著(p<0.05),在第21d时,0.80%银杏叶超微粉添加组呈现极显著差异(p<0.01),实验至28d时,银杏叶超微粉对鸡蛋胆固醇含量的影响趋于平稳。本实验表明银杏叶超微粉对降低鸡蛋胆固醇具有一定的促进作用,且以0.80%添加量为效果最佳。     

不同来源的蛋白质饲料对鲜鸭蛋感官品质与食用品质的影响

目的 探究不同来源的蛋白质饲料配比对鲜鸭蛋品质的影响。方法 以玉米-豆粕日粮中添加不同配比的菜粕、棉粕、皮革粉为不同蛋白来源饲料, 按不同配比分成10组, 分别为全豆粕组(对照组), 12%菜粕和8%棉粕组, 16%菜粕和8%棉粕组, 20%菜粕和8%棉粕组, 12%棉粕和8%菜粕组, 16%棉粕和8%菜粕组, 20%棉粕和8%菜粕组, 8%菜粕和8%棉粕组, 3.5%皮革粉组, 7%皮革粉组, 测定各组鲜鸭蛋的蛋重、蛋黄比例、蛋黄颜色、蛋形指数、哈夫单位, 以及水分含量、蛋白质含量及质构特性。结果 不同添加比例的棉粕、菜粕、皮革粉对鲜蛋蛋黄比例和蛋黄颜色均有显著性影响(P<0.05), 对鲜蛋蛋清弹性也有显著性影响(P<0.05); 随着菜粕添加比例的增加, 蛋重呈下降趋势, 蛋黄比例呈上升趋势, 以12%的比例添加菜粕蛋黄色度最高。棉粕组蛋重、蛋黄色度明显下降, 蛋黄比例略微升高; 皮革粉组蛋黄色泽最差; 棉粕添加会使鲜蛋弹性明显增加。 结论 棉粕、菜粕、皮革粉喂养蛋鸭会显著影响鸭蛋品质。菜粕的添加量以不高于12%为宜, 棉粕的添加量以不高于8%为宜, 皮革粉不适用于蛋鸭的喂养。     

Effects of dietary black cumin seed (Nigella sativa L.) on performance,egg traits,egg cholesterol content and egg yolk fatty acid composition in laying hens

BACKGROUND: The objective of this study was to determine the effects of dietary black cumin seed on performance, egg traits, egg cholesterol content and egg yolk fatty acid composition in laying hens during a 12 week period. For this purpose a total of 160 Lohmann Brown laying hens 36 weeks of age were allocated to four dietary treatments with one control group and three treatment groups. Black cumin seed (Nigella sativa L.) was used at the level of 5, 10 and 15 g kg^?1 in the diets of the first, second and third treatment groups, respectively. RESULTS: Dietary treatments did not significantly affect body weight, feed intake, egg production, egg quality characteristics and blood parameters. Diets containing 10 and 15 g kg^?1 black cumin seed increased egg weight (P < 0.01), improved feed efficiency (P < 0.01) and decreased egg yolk cholesterol, saturated fatty acids (% of total fatty acid methyl esters) and the ratio of saturated to unsaturated fatty acids (P < 0.05) compared to the diet of control group. CONCLUSION: Dietary black cumin seed at the level of 10 and 15 g kg^?1 had beneficial effects on egg weight, feed efficiency, egg cholesterol content and egg yolk fatty acid composition. Therefore it can be used at the level of 10 and 15 g kg^?1 in the diets of laying hens. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry     

腌制方法对鸭蛋黄成分变化及品质影响

研究了鸭蛋在草木灰包裹法和盐水浸泡法腌制过程中,水分含量、盐分含量、R值与Q值,蛋黄总脂肪、可溶性蛋白质和巯基含量的变化以及成熟(7周)后两者蛋黄的感官品质。7周内,随腌制时间的延长,浸泡法鸭蛋黄水分含量明显低于包裹法鸭蛋黄,盐分含量却高于包裹法;蛋清R值高于蛋黄,灰蛋的R值、Q值都低于盐水蛋。第7周,灰蛋和盐水蛋的Q值上升为0.88和0.90;脂肪占湿重的含量上升至48.45%和50.67%,而腌制期总脂肪量是没有变化的;可溶性蛋白质含量增加至6.75%和6.08%;表面巯基和游离巯基下降至0.31、0.28mmol/g蛋黄和1.68、1.34mmol/g蛋黄。灰蛋蛋黄在形态、滋味和气味方面明显优于盐水蛋,感官评分分别为88.9和78.65。     

蛋清肽- 钙配合物体内促钙吸收作用研究

目的：为了考察蛋清肽-钙配合物(EWP-Ca)在动物体内的补钙效果。方法：将60只Wistar雄性大鼠随机分为6组：普通组、缺钙模型组、CaCO3组以及低、中、高剂量EWP-Ca组,通过构造缺钙大鼠模型,进行了为期30d的补钙实验,实验结束后对各种与补钙相关的指标进行测定。结果：与缺钙模型组相比,高剂量EWP-Ca组(Ca剂量为106.4mg/(kg ·d))能极显著增加大鼠股骨直径、干质量、骨钙含量及股骨密度(P＜0.01),极显著降低血清碱性磷酸酶(AKP)活力(P＜0.01);与钙含量相同的CaCO3组相比,EWP-Ca高剂量组股骨直径、骨钙含量极显著和显著增加(P＜0.01,P＜0.05)。结论：EWP-Ca具有体内促进钙吸收作用,且效果优于钙含量相同的CaCO3。     

The effects of sources of supplemental fat on performance,egg quality,and fatty acid composition of egg yolk in laying hens

BACKGROUND: The objective of this study was to determine the effects of sources of supplemental fat on laying performance, egg quality, and fatty acid composition of egg yolk. RESULTS: Two hundreds Isa Brown layers were assigned randomly to be fed ad libitum a standard commercial layer feed (BD), basal diet plus 2% tallow (T), basal diet plus a mixture of 1% tallow and 1% flaxseed oil (MTFO), basal diet plus 2% sunflower oil (SO), or basal diet plus 2% flaxseed oil (FO), which were offered for 8 weeks. Each diet was given to five groups, each containing 10 hens. The feed efficiency and egg production were 2.78 and 53.51% for BD; 2.30 and 63.47% for T; 2.45 and 60.14% for MTFO; 2.29 and 64.30% for SO, and 2.62 and 61.18% for FO groups, respectively. Dietary fat supplementation affected the laying performance but had no significant effects on egg quality parameters. The fatty acid composition of egg yolk lipids were significantly affected by dietary fatty acid composition. The supplemental tallow increased palmitic fatty acid. The proportions of linoleic and arachidonic fatty acids in egg yolks for layers fed the SO diet were higher than in the BD group and those on diets containing other fats. Concentrations of oleic and omega‐3 fatty acids were the highest in layers fed the FO diet during the laying period. CONCLUSION: The results indicated that dietary animal and plant fats changed the fatty acid composition of egg yolk. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry     

Effect of dietary supplementation of gallic acid and linoleic acid mixture or their synthetic salt on egg quality

The effect of a dietary supplementation of gallic acid and linoleic acid mixture (MGL) and their synthetic salt, sodium 2,3-dihydroxy-5-(((9E,12E)-octadeca-9,12-dienyloxy)carbonyl)phenolate (NGL), on egg quality was investigated. A total of 120 laying hens were allotted into five groups over 4 weeks of the experimental period. Birds were fed the following diets: (1) control [commercial diet (CD)], (2) 0.05% MGL (w/w, GA:LA = 1:1, equal molar ratio), (3) 0.1% MGL, (4) 0.05% NGL, (5) 0.1% NGL. The performance of the hen, the anti-oxidative potential of egg albumen and yolk, and the fatty acid composition and cholesterol content of egg yolk were measured. The TBARS value of egg yolk from hens fed 0.1% MGL and 0.05% NGL was lower than that fed control diet after storage for 14 days. The ABTS⁺ reducing activity of egg albumen was significantly improved by MGL and NGL, but only NGL had an effect on yolk (p < 0.05). The dietary supplementation of 0.05% or 0.1% MGL, and 0.05% NGL raised the PUFAs composition in egg yolk. The cholesterol content of egg yolk from hens fed control diet was higher than those fed 0.1% MGL, 0.05% or 0.1% NGL (p < 0.05). In conclusion, a diet consisting of MGL and NGL can improve the antioxidative potential of egg and the fatty acid quality of egg yolk while lowering the cholesterol level.     

全蛋及去蛋黄替代物摄入对代谢综合征小鼠脂代谢调控作用的比较分析

为研究全蛋及去蛋黄摄入对代谢综合征（Metabolic syndrome,MetS）小鼠脂代谢的影响,该实验通过高脂喂养构建MetS小鼠模型。将40只C57BL/6雄性小鼠分成空白对照组（Normal diet,ND）、模型组（High-fat diet,HFD）、全蛋摄入组（High-fat diet+egg,EGG）、去蛋黄替代物组（High-fat diet+substitute of free egg yolk,SUB）和洛伐他汀组（Lovastatin,Lov）。实验周期为60 d,末期测定脏器指数、相关生化指标、组织切片及相关酶水平。结果显示,EGG摄入显著抑制小鼠体重增长（p<0.05）。EGG血清中低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,LDL-C）和总胆固醇（total cholesterol,TC）含量分别为HFD组的74.51%和77.03%。较HFD组,EGG和SUB抑制了由HFD引起的肝脏中超氧化物歧化酶（superoxide dismutase,SOD）和丙二醛（malondialdehyde,MDA）含量上升,且EGG组SOD和MDA含量分别比HFD显著降低了24.90%和60.10%,同时SUB组肝脏中TC和甘油三酯（serum triglyceride,TG）最低,分别为0.11 mmol/L和0.42 mmol/L。EGG显著降低肝脏天冬氨酸转氨酶（aspartate transaminase,AST）和天冬氨酸转氨酶/丙氨酸转氨酶（AST/ALT）比值（p<0.05）,分别为HFD组的44.99%和81.74%。此外,EGG能显著抑制肝脏脂滴的形成和附睾脂肪细胞增大（p<0.05）。因此,较SUB,EGG能更好地调控MetS小鼠的血脂代谢。     

Composition, Functionality, and Sensory Evaluation of Eggs from Hens Fed Dietary Menhaden Oil

Enrichment of omega-3 fatty acid content of egg yolk may increase consumer acceptance of egg products if eggs maintain characteristic functionality, exhibit compositional stability, and are sensorially acceptable. The diet of laying hens was enriched with 3% menhaden oil. Arachidonic acid (20:4n-6) was decreased 70.2%, and linolenic (18:3n-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3) were increased 78.5% and 356%, respectively, in egg yolk. Eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n-3) was also incorporated into test egg yolk as compared to nondetectable levels in control eggs. Cooking did not alter the fatty acid composition of eggs nor were functional properties of test eggs affected. Panelists differentiated n-3 enriched eggs from controls (P ≤ 0.01) when scrambled but not when hard cooked.     

饲喂不同配比油脂饲料对肉鸡肉品质及肌肉中脂肪酸组成的影响

研究日粮中添加不同配比油脂对肉鸡肉品质、肌肉胆固醇含量及脂肪酸组成的影响。选取648只1日龄AA肉鸡,随机分成6组,CON为对照组(饲喂基础日粮),SO为正对照组(日粮中添加豆油),LO为负对照组(日粮中添加猪油),COP、COC、COV组分别在日粮中添加以棕榈油为主的配比油脂、以椰子油为主的配比油脂、多种植物油组成的配比油脂,实验期为42d。结果表明：COP组胸肌24h的滴水损失显著升高(P＜0.05);COC组腿肌烹饪损失显著降低(P＜0.05)。LO组胸肌不饱和脂肪酸/饱和脂肪酸得到提高(P＜0.05);SO、LO、COP、COC组n-3多不饱和脂肪酸含量均得到提高(P＜0.05);SO、COC组n-6多不饱和脂肪酸含量高于CON组(P＜0.05);除COV组外,各组n-6/n-3低于CON组(P＜0.05)。SO组胸肌胆固醇含量低于除LO组外的各组(P＜0.05)。结论：配比油脂组提高了肉鸡肌肉中多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)含量,对肉鸡肉品质没有产生不良的影响,豆油组改善了胸肌中脂肪酸比例并降低胆固醇含量,以椰子油为主的配比油脂次之。     

Fatty acid profile and cholesterol content of egg yolk from chickens fed diets supplemented with purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.)

BACKGROUND: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of purslane on egg production, egg weight, feed efficiency, yolk fatty acid composition, and egg cholesterol content in laying hens. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Sixty 80‐week‐old layers were allocated randomly to receive diets supplemented with 0 (control), 10 g kg^?1 or 20 g kg^?1 dried purslane for 84 days. Egg weights and egg production in the groups were recorded daily, whereas feed intake was measured weekly. RESULTS: Diet supplemented with 20 g kg^?1 purslane significantly decreased body weight of the chickens compared to the control. Inclusion of purslane at the level of 10 g kg^?1 or 20 g kg^?1 into the diet significantly (P < 0.05) improved egg weight compared to the control. Chickens fed the diet including 20 g kg^?1 purslane had a significantly (P < 0.05) higher egg production and improved feed efficiency compared to the control. Cholesterol content of eggs from the hens fed 0, 10 or 20 g kg^?1 did not differ and was 10.45, 9.51 or 9.51 mg g^?1 dried egg yolk, respectively. Inclusion of purslane at the level of 20 g kg^?1 into the diet significantly (P < 0.05) increased ω‐3 fatty acids such as C18:3(ω‐3) and C22:6(ω‐3). The ratio of ω‐6 to ω‐3 also was significantly (P < 0.05) lower in the eggs from chickens fed 10 g kg^?1 or 20 g kg^?1 purslane supplemented diets compared to the control. CONCLUSION: This study showed that adding dried purslane to the diet of laying hens significantly increased egg production and egg weights although there was no reduction in the egg cholesterol concentration. This study also showed that inclusion of purslane into diet enriched eggs with ω‐3 fatty acids and decreased the ratio of ω‐6/ω‐3 in the yolk. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry     

Quail egg yolk (Coturnix coturnix japonica) enriched with omega-3 fatty acids

This experiment was carried out with 58-week old laying quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica) assigned to four treatment groups with eight quails per replication in six repetitions in a completely randomized design. The treatments consisted of diets with different levels of flaxseed (0, 1.5, 3.0, and 5.0%). The amounts of cholesterol and total lipids and the fatty acid composition of quail egg yolk were determined in four 21-day cycles. No difference was found in cholesterol levels between the four treatments and the four cycles. The increased ingestion of linolenic acid (LNA) in diet reduced the formation of arachidonic acid (AA) significantly. The 3.0 and 5.0% treatment groups presented a reduction in total saturated fatty acids (TSFA) with the increase in percent flaxseed in feed comparatively to the control value. The n-3 fatty acid level was high in all treatments when compared to that of the control group. The n-6/n-3 ratio decreased from 21.30 (control) to 4.52 (5.0%), which is a better value from the nutritional viewpoint.