TPU/CPE共混物性能研究

研究热塑性聚氨酯(TPU)/氯化聚乙烯(CPE)共混比和补强剂品种及用量对TPU/CPE共混物性能的影响.结果表明,当TPU/CPE共混比为70/30和60/40时,TPU与CPE的相容性较好,共混物综合性能优异;补强剂可改善TPU/CPE共混物的加工性能,随着补强剂用量的增大,共混物邵尔A型硬度、拉伸强度和撕裂强度增大,拉断伸长率减小;改性白炭黑对共混物的补强效果优于炭黑N330和N550,其适宜用量为30份左右.     

废旧胶粉/聚氨酯共混材料的制备及其性能研究

以—NCO封端的氨基甲酸酯预聚体和废旧胶粉(WRP)为主要原料,采用原位法制备WRP/TPU共混材料,考察WRP含量对WRP/TPU共混材料性能的影响。结果表明:WRP/TPU共混材料中WRP质量分数为0.02时,TPU的相对分子质量较大及其分布较宽;随着WRP质量分数的增大,WRP/TPU共混材料的拉伸强度和拉断伸长率呈先提高后降低的趋势,WRP质量分数为0.02时WRP/TPU共混材料的拉伸性能最佳;WRP/TPU共混材料的FTIR谱体现出TPU和WRP的特征峰,且相较于TPU,WRP/TPU共混材料的特征峰向低波数方向移动;WRP与TPU有较好的相容性,WRP/TPU共混材料只有1个玻璃化温度。     

共混工艺对TPU/PVA共混物力学性能的影响

利用哈克密炼机,通过熔融共混法,制备了热塑性聚酯型聚氨酯(TPU)/聚乙烯醇(PVA)(质量比80/20)共混材料。探讨了工艺条件(温度、转速、加工时间)对TPU/PVA共混材料的扭矩、断裂伸长率、拉断永久变形和拉伸强度等力学性能的影响。结果表明,最佳加工条件为:加工温度170℃,转速60 r/min,加工时间8 min。     

热塑性聚氨酯/氯化聚乙烯共混物形态与性能的影响因素

采用机械共混法制备了热塑性聚氯酯(TPU)/氯化聚乙烯(CPE)共混物,考察了共混比(质量比,下同)对共混物加工性能、力学性能及微观形态的影响.研究了热稳定剂种类对共混物力学性能、热稳定性的影响.结果表明.加入CPE可以明显改善TPU的加工性能;在TPU与CPE的共混比分别为70/30和60/40时,TPU/CPE共混物具有较好的力学性能;TPU与CPE共混,二者的相容性较好,热稳定性均得到提高;自制环保型钙锌复合稳定剂的综合稳定作用较好,且所得共混物的力学性能也好.     

热塑性聚氨酯/顺丁橡胶共混材料性能的研究

采用机械共混法制备热塑性聚氨酯(TPU)/顺丁橡胶(BR)共混材料,并研究TPU/BR共混比对共混材料性能的影响。结果表明:TPU/BR共混材料的硫化特性和物理性能较BR显著改善;TPU/BR共混材料的流动性能与TPU/BR共混比成反比;TPU/BR共混材料的耐老化性能和热稳定性能较BR下降。     

二异氰酸酯增容POM/TPU共混体系的研究

利用双螺杆挤出机制备出聚甲醛(POM)/热塑性聚氨酯弹性体(TPU)共混物,选用两种不同结构的二异氰酸酯为增容剂,研究了二异氰酸酯对POM/TPU共混物性能的影响;通过红外和DSC分析,讨论了二异氰酸酯在POM/TPU增韧体系中的作用机理。结果表明:二异氰酸酯的加入提高了共混物的韧性,改善了其拉伸和弯曲性能;二异氰酸酯可以与POM末端羟基发生化学反应,从而改善POM/TPU共混物的相容性;而二异氰酸酯的增容效果与其官能团和TPU的相容性有关。     

淀粉/PVA可生物降解塑料的研究进展

详细阐述了淀粉/PVA(聚乙烯醇)材料的生物降解机理,从淀粉预处理和PVA预处理这两方面分别对淀粉/PVA可生物降解塑料的热塑性及生物降解性研究进展进行了重点介绍,还对目前国内外淀粉/PVA材料的热塑加工方式进行了综述。     

PP/TPU共混性能及超临界CO_2发泡

以聚丙烯(PP)与热塑性聚氨酯(TPU)为原料进行熔融共混,研究TPU对PP的增韧效果,观察共混材料热学性能的变化及对共混材料进行超临界CO_2发泡。利用差示扫描量热法(DSC)测试了PP/TPU共混材料与发泡材料的热学性能观察两相的相容性,通过扫描电镜(SEM)观察了共混试样的脆断面与发泡试样的泡孔形态。结果表明:发泡前后试样的热性能没有太大变化;发泡温度、压力对纯的PP和共混试样发泡效果都有显著影响。     

改性PVA热塑加工性能研究

采用熔体流动速率试验机研究了以水、甘油、聚乙二醇和己内酰胺为主的四种加工改性剂对聚乙烯醇(PVA)热塑加工性能的影响。采用平板硫化机压膜观察不同改性PVA体系的成膜性能。结果表明,加工改性剂在不同程度上改善了PVA的热塑加工性能,其中己内酰胺改性PVA体系具有最好的热塑加工性能;通过热压成型可以将改性PVA制成透明性很好的薄膜;熔体流动速率试验机可以有效地判断PVA改性体系的热塑加工性能。     

FKM/TPU共混物的性能研究

试验研究氟橡胶（FKM）/热塑性聚氨酯（TPU）共混物的耐低温性能和物理性能.结果表明,FKM/TPU共混比为70/30,共混物中FKM和TPU两相的相容性较好,共混物的玻璃化温度比FKM约降低了12 ℃,耐低温性能较好,综合物理性能也较优。     

TPU与CPE、HPVC共混物的研究

以CPE和CPE／HPVC为改性剂,用熔融共混的方式对TPU的共混体系进行了系统的研究。对TPU／CPE和TPU／CPE／HPVC共混体系的力学、耐寒及流变性能进行了测试及分析。实验结果表明：CPE及CPE／HPVC的加入,虽使体系的力学性能有所降低,但能明显改善TPU的加工性能,并且基本保持了TPU优异的耐寒性。     

改性碳纳米管增强热塑性聚氨酯复合材料的性能研究

以碳纳米管（CNTs）和热塑性聚氨酯（TPU）为原料,通过硫酸（H₂SO₄）/硝酸（HNO₃）混合溶液处理碳纳米管颗粒表面以达到改性的效果,使用改性过后的碳纳米管熔融共混制备出TPU/CNTs复合材料。研究了不同含量的CNTs对TPU基体的流变、力学、耐磨性以及热性能的影响。结果表明, 改性过后的CNTs在TPU基体中形成了良好的分散性和相容性;TPU/CNTs复合材料在高频剪切下保留了复合材料的加工流动性,并且复合材料的拉伸强度以及耐磨性相较于TPU有明显的增强,其中在改性碳纳米管含量较低时,复合材料的力学性能改善较为明显;改性CNTs的加入提高了TPU基体的熔融温度和结晶度;改性CNTs的加入提高了复合材料的热降解温度,提高了TPU基体的热稳定性。     

纳米SiO2增强TPS/PVA复合材料的研究

以甲酰胺／己内酰胺为复配增塑剂,添加纳米二氧化硅（SiO2）熔融制备了热塑性淀粉／聚乙烯醇／纳米二氧化硅（TPS／PVA／SiO2）复合材料,研究了复合材料的力学性能、流变性能和耐水性能。结果表明：添加1phr的表面改性SiO2,TPS／PVA的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率以及耐水性能均有所提高,但过量的纳米SiO2对材料的力学性能有损害;经KH560表面改性的纳米SiO2的团聚明显减少,因而对TPS／PVA性能的改善更明显;TPS／PVA／SiO2复合材料具有优良的加工性能,熔体表现出假塑性流体的特征。     

TPU对ABS熔融沉积成型性能的影响

采用熔融共混制备丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物/热塑性聚氨酯（ABS/TPU）3D打印耗材,通过熔融沉积成型（FDM）制备标准测试样条,并对ABS/TPU体系的成型性能、力学性能、微观结构、流变性能进行研究。结果表明,TPU改性ABS的成型性能均优于未改性ABS,当TPU质量分数大于20 %时,成型过程不发生翘曲收缩现象;同时有较好的力学性能,缺口冲击强度为18.81 kJ/m2比纯ABS提高了95.94 %,拉伸强度为32.92 MPa,下降了8.5 %;TPU质量分数大于20 %时,材料发生韧性断裂,并随TPU的增加,断面粗糙程度增加,有空洞现象;ABS/TPU具有较好的相容性,且随TPU含量增加,ABS/TPU分子链扩散能力增加。     

Interfacial reaction and its influence on phase morphology and impact properties of modified‐polyacetal/thermoplastic polyurethane blends

The cationic polymerization of 1,3,5‐trioxane, 1,3‐dioxolane and a small amount of 2‐hydroxyacetic acid (HAA) was carried out, and the resulting modified‐polyacetal (POM) was blended with thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) in melt. The results of ¹H NMR analysis indicated that HAA was almost incorporated in the modified‐POM, and that the resulting carboxyl end‐group and hydroxyl end‐group in the modified‐POM reacted with TPU during the melt blending. There were many boundary layers between the cavities and matrix in the modified‐POM/TPU (82/18 by weight) blend that was etched with tetrahydrofuran (THF), and the diameter of the cavities became ～0.3–1 μm long when the blending time reached 10 min. The results of scanning electron microscopic (SEM) observation and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) indicated that the modified‐POM/TPU blend had a good compatibility because of the interfacial reaction between the modified‐POM and TPU phase in the blend. The modified‐POM/TPU blend exhibited higher Charpy impact strength when compared with a normal‐POM/TPU blend; the toughness of the modified‐POM/TPU blend attributed to the good compatibility between the two phases. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 100: 4375–4382, 2006     

Structure and properties of highly filled poly (vinyl alcohol)/talc composites prepared through thermal processing: effects of talc size

Poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA), a multi-hydroxyl polymer with excellent comprehensive properties, is an expected candidate to prepare high-performance polymer-based composites without using any coupling agents or compatibilisers. However, the poor thermal processability of PVA is its biggest obstacle. In this paper, by adopting polyol as a plasticiser, highly filled PVA/talc composites with good mechanical properties were successfully obtained through melt extrusion and injection, and the effects of talc size on structure and properties of the composites were studied. The results showed that talc highly filled PVA composites had satisfying melt processability, and the decrease of talc particle size increased the –OH groups on the edges of the talc layers, thus improving the compatibility between talc and PVA, and making talc particles dispersed more uniformly in PVA matrix. As a result, the composites with smaller talc particles had the higher threshold filler concentration to form the filler networks and the better flow behaviour. The smaller talc flakes also exhibited higher orientation in PVA matrix and induced more PVA molecular chains to orient along the melt flow direction, leading to the enhancement of the mechanical properties of the composites.     

Performance improvement of (linear low‐density polyethylene)/poly(vinyl alcohol) blends by in situ silane crosslinking

Linear low‐density polyethylene (LLDPE)/poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) blends were prepared by melt mixing. LLDPE/PVA weight ratios between 90/10 and 40/60 were studied. The effects of the silane coupling agent 3‐(trimethoxysilyl)propyl methacrylate on processability, gel fraction, component interaction, compatibility, thermal stability, tensile properties, and morphology of the LLDPE/PVA blends were investigated. The results indicated that the presence of silane increased the equilibrium torque of the LLDPE/PVA blends because of crosslinking and better compatibility between LLDPE and PVA. The degree of crosslinking was quantified by gel fraction measurements, and crosslinking was confirmed by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy analysis. The melting temperature depression of PVA and LLDPE further suggested the formation of crosslinks. The thermal stability and tensile properties such as tensile strength, elongation at break, and Young's modulus of the blends also increased with the incorporation of silane. Improved compatibility between LLDPE and PVA in the blends with silane was demonstrated by the interconnected rough material observed in scanning electron microscopy images that differed from the morphology of the LLDPE/PVA blends without silane. J. VINYL ADDIT. TECHNOL., 2012. © 2012 Society of Plastics Engineers     

热塑性聚氨酯对ABS的共混改性研究

研究了热塑性聚氨酯（ＴＰＵ）与丙烯腈－丁二烯－苯乙烯共聚物（ＡＢＳ）共混对ＡＢＳ结构和性能的影响,结果表明,ＴＰＵ与ＡＢＳ有良好的相容性,ＴＰＵ的加入可以同时改善ＡＢＳ的韧性和流动性,共混物的熔体流动速率随着ＴＰＵ含量的增加而提高,缺口冲击强度则在ＡＢＳ／ＴＰＵ（质量比）为８０：２０时最佳,ＴＰＵ对丁二烯含量较高的ＡＢＳ的改性效果比对丁二烯含量较低的ＡＢＳ更好。     

Enhanced properties of polyvinyl chloride modified by graphene reinforced thermoplastic polyurethane

Graphene sheets with a range of unusual properties and thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU ) were combined to modify polyvinyl chloride (PVC ), and the enhanced properties such as flexibility, thermal stability and mechanical properties of the PVC were investigated. In order to avoid the C ? Cl bonds in PVC being weakened, graphene was incorporated into TPU in the melting state first and then this TPU was employed as a modifier to enhance and plasticize PVC in another melt blending step. In comparison with the ternary blending method, this step‐by‐step melt blending method was more efficient and convenient. The distribution of graphene sheets in the polymer matrix is uniform and no C ? Cl bond weakened effect can be observed. Due to the similar polarity, TPU showed good compatibility with PVC and its plasticizing effect allowed a broader range of low temperature flexibility of the modified PVC matrix. Moreover, other properties of the resultant PVC matrix (PTG ‐x ) including mechanical properties, thermal stability and plasticizer migration resistance were all found to be improved. With innovative applications in mind, the development of new graphene‐based materials will certainly lead to many future advances in science and technology. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry     

Dynamic mechanical and morphological studies on the compatibility of plasticized PVC/thermoplastic polyurethane blends

In this work, the compatibility of blends of plasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (p‐PVC) and thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) was investigated using a dynamic mechanical analyzer and scanning electron microscopy. Two kinds of TPU with different ratios of hard to soft segments, i.e., TPU90 and TPU70 were compared. p‐PVC/TPU90 and p‐PVC/TPU70 blends with variable weight ratios (100/0, 90/10, 80/20, 70/30, 60/40, 50/50, 0/100) were prepared by melt blending. PVC was plasticized with 40 phr of dioctyl phthalate. It was found that TPU with a lower hard segment (i.e., TPU70) is more compatible with plasticized PVC than TPU with a higher hard segment (i.e., TPU90) in over the composition ranges examined. It was concluded that the compatibility of plasticized PVC and TPU are dependent on the ratio of hard to soft segments in TPU. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 71: 415–422, 1999