有机-无机分子组装层状类钙钛矿结构与特性

有机-无机分子组装层状类钙钛矿材料在分子水平上结合了有机组分和无机组分的优点，无机组分通过强的共价键或离子键形成扩展的骨架，并将有机组分填入框架中形成有机层与无机层交替的结构，具有某些电学、光学、磁学等特性。在此主要介绍了有机-无机分子组装层状类钙钛矿材料的结构及相关的性能研究。     

生物矿化在仿生材料领域的研究进展

生物矿化重要的特征之一是无机矿物在细胞分泌的有机基质调节下成核和生长,最终形成具有特殊组装方式和多级结构特点的生物矿化材料,如骨、牙和贝壳等。仿生合成是近年来受生物矿化原理启示而发展起来的一个崭新领域,其合成过程具有高效、有序及自动化等特点。仿生合成材料是具有特殊性能的新型材料,有着潜在的广阔应用前景。综述了近年来在仿骨、仿牙和仿贝壳珍珠层等仿生材料、晶体工程、涂层及在防治病理矿化疾病等方面的研究进展。     

层状类钙钛矿结构有机-无机杂合物的结构与性能

层状类钙钛矿结构有机-无机杂合物是由有机、无机组元在分子尺度上组装而成的一类新材料,其结构和能带具有可设计可控性,因此应用前景广阔.综述了层状类钙钛矿杂合物的结构形成规则和组成、结构变化对能带及其电子学性能的影响.     

有机-无机纳米复合材料合成方法的发展

概述了近年来将有机聚合物嵌入层状无机物晶体夹层或坑道中,制备有机 无机纳米复合材料的新方法及有机 无机纳米复合材料的性能,讨论了层状无机物晶体的结构特点,并展望了有机 无机纳米复合材料的主要应用领域。     

基于生物矿化的仿生合成技术及其应用

生物矿化是在生物体内形成无机矿物的过程.通过对生物矿化的研究,模仿生物矿化中无机物在有机物调制下的形成过程,仿生合成具有优良的物理和化学性能的功能新材料已成为无机材料化学研究的热点.介绍了常见的生物矿化材料,综述了生物矿化的基本原理及其模拟,以及基于生物矿化仿生合成技术的研究现状.     

纳米材料的分子自组装合成述评

简要介绍了分子自组装技术的基本原理,概述了一些常见纳米材料的自组装合成方法,并例举了四种典型纳米材料（纳米管、多孔物质、自组装膜、有机／无机纳米复合体）合成化学的研究现状,通过与传统合成法的对比,指出自组装合成可以方便地实现结构和性能的预期调控,具有其它手段无可取代的优越性。     

羟基磷灰石/ 胶原类骨仿生复合材料的制备及表征

通过体外模拟天然骨生物矿化和材料自组装的形成机制, 研究制备了类骨羟基磷灰石/ 胶原仿生复合材料并对材料进行了表征。结果表明: 纳米羟基磷灰石均匀分布在胶原基质上并择优取向排列, 该复合材料的成分和微观结构与天然骨类似。      

层状类钙钛矿结构有机-无机杂合物的结构设计思想

层状类钙钛矿结构有机-无机杂合物是由有机、无机组元在分子尺度上组装而成的一类新材料,其结构和能带具有可设计可控性,因此应用前景广阔.论述了无机类钙钛矿和类钙钛矿杂合物在结构上低维拆分与组装的设计思想.     

用仿生自组装法制备的新型生物复合材料及表征

通过仿生自组装法在室温下制备了纳米碳酸化羟基磷灰石/胶原(nCHAC)复合材料,并采用X射线衍射(XRD)、热分析(TGA)和透射电镜(TEM)进行了观察和分析.结果表明,该材料具有与天然骨相同的纳米尺度和胶原蛋白无机相,含有(2.8～14.7)w%的碳酸化HA成分;其显微结构是矿化的胶原纤维束,类似于天然骨的分级结构.揭示了碳酸化HA和胶原含量不同的复合材料中,具有微小差别的自组装单元.碳酸的百分含量影响矿物的晶体尺寸和胶原纤维的组装.因此,nCHAC复合材料是有前途的硬组织修复用材料,其所具有的特殊性能要归功于生物仿生制备出的nCHAC材料有与天然骨类似的成分和类似的微观结构.     

高分子专利：丝素／碳酸钙纳米复合材料及其制备方法EI北大核心

本发明公开了一种丝素碳酸钙纳米复合材料及其制备方法,该材料中含有机成分和矿物质,所述有机成分为脱胶后的丝素蛋白,所述矿物质为碳酸钙晶体。本发明模拟天然贝壳中的生物矿化作用,利用生物大分子自组装调制碳酸钙晶体生长,可方便地控制纳米碳酸钙的制备条件,同时由于生物矿化组装的高度严密性,     

Hierarchical architectures by synergy between dynamical template self-assembly and biomineralization

Diatoms, shells, bones and teeth are exquisite examples of well-defined structures, arranged from nanometre to macroscopic length scale, produced by natural biomineralization using organic templates to control the growth of the inorganic phase. Although strategies mimicking Nature have partially succeeded in synthesizing human-designed bio-inorganic composite materials, our limited understanding of fundamental mechanisms has so far kept the level of hierarchical complexity found in biological organisms out of the chemists' reach. In this letter, we report on the synthesis of unprecedented double-walled silica nanotubes with monodisperse diameters that self-organize into highly ordered centimetre-sized fibres. A unique synergistic growth mechanism is elucidated by the combination of light and electron microscopy, synchrotron X-ray diffuse scattering and Raman spectroscopy. Following this growth mechanism, macroscopic bundles of nanotubules result from the kinetic cross-coupling of two molecular processes: a dynamical supramolecular self-assembly and a stabilizing silica mineralization. The feedback actions between the template growth and the inorganic deposition are driven by a mutual electrostatic neutralization. This 'dynamical template' concept can be further generalized as a rational preparation scheme for materials with well-defined multiscale architectures and also as a fundamental mechanism for growth processes in biological systems.     

贝壳珍珠层生物矿化及其对仿生材料的启示

贝壳珍珠层作为一种典型的生物矿化材料而备受关注. 本文综述了贝壳珍珠层结构及其文石晶体的结晶学取向, 概述了贝壳珍珠层成因的生物矿化机理. 同时介绍了贝壳珍珠层特殊的组装方式在仿生材料方面近年来的研究进展, 认为选择合适的有机物,使其自组装成各种超分子结构作为无机物沉积的模板, 是仿生合成的关键.     

Formation of manganite fibers under the directing of cationic surfactant

The effects of organic molecules on the morphology control of inorganic materials in the process of biomineralization have long been realized. Nowadays, these effects have been utilized to prepare inorganic materials with desired morphologies in different systems. In this paper, manganite (MnOOH) fibers are chemically synthesized under extremely low surfactant (cetyltrimethylammonium bromide CTAB) concentrations at basic conditions. Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) are used to characterize the products. Characterization of samples aged for different time shows that the formation of MnOOH fibers is intimately related to a layered structured manganese oxide. A corresponding transformation mechanism is proposed based on the experiment results, and it could be inferred that CTAB plays an important directing role in this process.     

壳聚糖/无机物纳米复合材料在抗菌方面的研究进展

壳聚糖作为一种天然高分子有机物,具有良好的生物相容性、可降解性和抗菌性,在抗菌方面已有一定的应用,但其抗菌性能易受自身因素和外界条件的影响,因此如何巩固和加强壳聚糖的抗菌性能并进行应用成为了研究的热点。将壳聚糖与无机物纳米材料复合,有机和无机组分协同互补,能显著提高材料的抗菌性能,复合材料还具有优异的机械强度和生物相容性,可广泛应用于水处理、食品、纺织、化妆品和医学等领域,引起了科研人员的密切关注。本文总结了壳聚糖的抗菌机理和影响抗菌性能的因素,详细介绍了壳聚糖与金属、金属氧化物、层状硅酸盐和碳材料等无机物复合后的纳米材料在抗菌方面的应用,同时对其在抗菌领域的发展前景进行了展望。     

Polyoxometalate modified inorganic–organic nanocomposite materials for energy storage applications: A review

Modification of organic substrates with inorganic polyoxometalate (POM) clusters can be used to engineer nanocomposite materials with improved properties and diverse functionalities. This review will outline concepts and methodologies for fabricating POM based inorganic–organic composite materials with a special focus on the electrochemical functionality of these composites for energy storage applications. The strengths and limitations of three different fabrication techniques, chemisorption to a carbon surface, immobilization in a polymer matrix, and layer-by-layer self-assembly will be assessed. Furthermore, the latest developments in the use of POM nanocomposite materials in energy storage applications like electrochemical capacitors (ECs) and lithium ion batteries will be presented. This review will highlight the issues and challenges that need to be addressed to achieve inorganic–organic POM nanocomposites able to support high performance energy storage applications.     

添加LDH-ZnO的海藻酸钠基抗菌复合材料研究综述

目的 介绍海藻酸钠基抗菌复合材料的抗菌机理、特点以及在食品包装方面的应用。方法 重点阐述海藻酸钠的成膜机理、纳米氧化锌的抗菌机理,以及具有特殊层状结构的无机功能材料水滑石的抑菌性能,利用在不同改性方法下水滑石与氧化锌结合形成的增强抗菌结构,探究以海藻酸钠为基材制成的海藻酸钠/水滑石/纳米氧化锌复合膜体系的力学、阻隔和抗菌等性能。结论 绿色食品包装材料在现实生活中倍受关注,将海藻酸钠(能完全生物降解,具有良好的生物相容性和热稳定性的环境友好型材料)与水滑石-氧化锌抗菌剂结合,以增强抗菌复合材料的综合性能,符合国内外研究和开发新型抗菌材料的趋势。     

An efficient biomimetic process for fabrication of artificial nacre with ordered-nanostructure

The authors developed an efficient biomimetic process to fabricate inorganic/organic nanocomposites with clay nano-platelets being the mineral and polyimide being the organic constituency. Samples with thickness of 10–200 μm were produced in a very short time using a centrifugal deposition process. This process resulted in an ordered nanostructure with alternating organic and inorganic layers. The mechanical properties were comparable to that of lamella bones, with a tensile strength of 70–80 MPa, Young's modulus of 8–9 GPa and hardness of about 1–2 GPa. The composite films could be lifted from the substrate and stacked to form bulk material for biomedical applications such as bioactive dental materials or bone replacements. This approach represents a milestone in the development of bulk-form layered inorganic/organic nanocomposites.     

新型功能性层状材料的合成及应用

无机层状化合物是一类具有规整层状结构的化合物,其层板上骨架阳离子的可替代性以及层间离子的可交换性引起了研究者的广泛兴趣.通过调变层板骨架阳离子、表面负载活性物种、层间柱撑无机或有机基团合成了各种新型功能性层状材料,并在酸碱催化、光催化、环保以及医药等领域有着广泛的应用.详细介绍了近年来新型层状化合物的合成及应用进展.     

Acid fuchsin-interleaved Mg–Al-layered double hydroxide for the formation of an organic–inorganic hybrid nanocomposite

Layered organic–inorganic hybrid nanocomposite, containing an organic dye in an inorganic interlayer was prepared using acid fuchsin (AF) as a guest in Mg–Al layered double hydroxide inorganic host by a self-assembly technique, with the Mg–Al ratio in the mother liquor of 4 and pH=7.5. Powder X-ray diffractogram shows that the basal spacing of the Mg–Al layered double hydroxide with nitrate as the intergallery anion expanded from 8.9 to 17.1 Å to accommodate the AF anion, for the formation of the Mg–Al layered double hydroxide-AF layered organic–inorganic hybrid nanocomposite (MAAF). Formation of such a material is useful for example for coating or controlled release purposes of dye for slow dyeing process.