A method of designing ac/dc thyristor converter current control systems by using discrete time MRAC with deterministic disturbances

Two design methods of ac/dc thyristor converter current control systems with MRAC (Model Reference Adaptive Control) have been designed. To linearize the input/output relation of the systems, the constant term of the model is considered in different ways. In the first method, a linear transformation of the control input is made while in the second method, the constant term and compensated modeling error are neglected by integral adaptation. Computer simulations and experiments have shown that the control performances of the MRAC systems are much better than that of PI controllers. However, in the first method, since the variable vector is not persistently spanning, the convergence rate of estimated parameters is not as high as expected. The second method has better dynamic characteristics but its stability has not been proved in theory. This paper suggests a new design method in which the constant term is considered as a deterministic disturbance. The feature of this method is that by introducing an equality equation which makes the term of disturbances apparently unobservable, the effect of disturbances can be eliminated and the existing adaptive control scheme without disturbances whose stability has been proved theoretically can be used. Computer simulations and experiments show that the new method can obtain better responses than the old ones.     

Preparation and research of silver nanowires transparent conductive films on glass

ABSTRACT

In this paper, we use a simple coating method to prepare silver nanowires transparent conductive films on glass. The optimal condition of preparation of the silver nanowires transparent conductive films were examined. Experimental result shows that the coating is a kind of convenient operation and suitable for mass production to prepare silver nanowires transparent conductive films. The main influence factors are the thickness of the silver nanowires layer, the thickness of the resin layer, the degree of dilution of the resin and the hot pressing temperature. In the experiments, the optimal condition is the dilution ratio of resin and ethyl acetate is 1:10, the thickness of resin layer is 10µm, hot-pressing temperature is 100°C and the thickness of silver nanowires layer is 100µm. And we got the sample whose square resistance is 38 Ω/sq and the light transmittance is 86%.     

气相沉积碳源对LiFePO_4/C性能的影响

以Fe C2O4·2H2O、Li2CO3和NH4H2PO4为原料,采用分步引入碳源的方式,在前驱体中加入蔗糖预烧,在烧结过程中分别引入甲烷和甲苯蒸气,将高温固相反应与化学气相沉积(CVD)相结合,制备Li Fe PO4/C复合材料。通过XRD、SEM、透射电子显微镜(TEM)和拉曼光谱进行结构和微观形貌分析;用循环伏安和恒流充放电测试考察电化学性能。以甲苯为气相沉积碳源制备的Li Fe PO4/C复合材料,没有磷化铁杂质,具有较好的晶体颗粒单分散性和较高的电导率。在2.0~4.0 V放电,0.2 C比容量为154.8 m Ah/g,5.0 C比容量为0.2 C时的88.2%。     

硅/石墨/热解碳复合材料的制备与性能

利用化学气相沉积(CVD)法制备了硅/石墨/热解碳复合材料。用XRD、SEM和恒流充放电等测试,分析了制备工艺对复合材料电化学性能的影响。当气相沉积温度为800℃、时间为50 min时,制备的复合材料的循环性能较好,首次和第200次循环的脱锂(放电)比容量分别为535.5 mAh/g和429.8 mAh/g。     

Characteristics of flow and plasma under high MHD interaction in nonequilibrium disk MHD generator using argon

Results of experimental studies on behavior of a supersonic flow and of a nonequilibrium plasma in a disk MHD generator are presented. The experiments with cesium seeded argon were carried out under high MHD interaction conditions. Effects of seed fractions on static pressure distributions, flow Mach numbers, electron temperatures and uniformity of discharge in the disk MHD channel were investigated. The results have shown that the flow is kept supersonic throughout the disk MHD channel when a sufficient Joule heating exists in a supersonic nozzle and the seed is fully ionized. It was found that there was an optimum seed fraction at which the power output became maximum and, at the same time, the seed was fully ionized. Furthermore, an almost uniform discharge due to the full ionization of seed was observed. It is noted that enthalpy extractions and adiabatic efficiencies were increased remarkably, and the highest enthalpy extraction of 26.5 percent was achieved for cesium seeded argon. However, adiabatic efficiencies remained still low due to large pressure losses.     

Preparation and functions of conductive polymer/insulating polymer composite films using molecular self‐assembly

By exposing low‐density polyethylene to an atmosphere of fuming sulfuric acid, sulfonated low‐density polyethylenes (SPE) were prepared and the degree of surface sulfonation of the treated film was determined from the weight increase per unit area. Polypyrrole (PPy) films on the surface of SPE were grown by molecular self‐assembly and the properties of PPy/SPE composite films were investigated. Functional applications of PPy/SPE composite films are proposed, with particular attention to the movement properties of actuators using PPy/SPE composite films. © 1999 Scripta Technica, Electr Eng Jpn, 128(1): 1–8, 1999     

Preparation of (PbxBa1-x)TiO3 thin films by MOCVD using an aerosol-assisted liquid delivery system

Abstract

Thin films of PbTiO₃, BaTiO₃ and (Pb_xBa_1-x)TiO₃ (PBT) have been prepared by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition using a horizontal reactor with an aerosol-assisted liquid delivery system. Structural and electrical properties have been investigated as a function of the lead content x. First results on PBT thin films grown on platinized silicon substrates show, for x < 0.8, an increasing tetragonal distortion of the lattice cell (c/a >1), and accompanying ferroelectric behavior which is similar to the bulk material. For smaller lead content (x < 0.8) no ferroelectric behavior is established and a small tetragonal distortion of opposite type (c/a <1) is observed. This distortion is attributed to a thermally induced tensile film stress and may be responsible for the suppression of the ferroelectric phase transition.     

Preparation of Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-PbTiO3 thin films by MOCVD using ultrasonic nebulization

Thin films of Pb(Mg_1/3,Nb_2/3)O₃ (PMN) and Pb(Mg_1/3,Nb_2/3)O₃-PbTiO₃ (PMN-PT) were fabricated on Si and Pt/Ti/SiO₂/Si substrates by MOCVD using ultrasonic nebulization and their characteristics were investigated. PMN-PT films deposited at 350^∘C were annealed in a RTA (Rapid Thermal Annealing) system at 650^∘C for 30 sec to improve the micostructural properties. The crystallographic properties of PMN-PT films strongly depend on the content ratio of PbTiO₃. The content of pyrochlore phase in PMN-PT films decreased with the increase of Ti content and nearly single phase perovskite films were obtained at the composition of 80PMN-20PT. The PMN-PT films with perovskite phase showed a typical butterfly type C-V curve which verifies the ferroelectricity and had the relative dielectric constant of about 60.