Removal of phosphate ions with a chemically modified chitosan/metal‐ion complex

The adsorption of metal ions (Mo⁶⁺, Cu²⁺, Fe²⁺, and Fe³⁺) was examined on chemically modified chitosans with a higher fatty acid glycidyl (CGCs), and the adsorption of Cu²⁺ was examined on ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid dianhydride modified CGCs (EDTA‐CGCs) synthesized by the reaction of the CGCs with ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid dianhydride. The adsorption of phosphate ions onto the resulting substrate/metal‐ion complex was measured. Mo⁶⁺ depicted remarkable adsorption toward the CGCs, although all the Mo⁶⁺ was desorbed under the adsorption conditions of the phosphate ions. The other metal ions were adsorbed to some extent on CGCs by chelating to the amino group in the substrate, except for CGC‐1, which had the highest degree of substitution (83.9%). Considerable amounts of Fe²⁺ were adsorbed onto CGCs; however, only a limited number of phosphate ions was adsorbed onto the substrate/metal‐ion complex. As a result, the following adsorbent/metal‐ion complexes gave higher adsorption ability toward phosphate ions: CGC‐4/Cu²⁺, CGC‐4/Fe³⁺, and EDTA‐CGC‐3/Fe³⁺. Where, CGC‐3 is a chemically modified chitosan with the degree of substitution of 26.5 percentage, and CGC‐4 is one with the degree of substitution of 16.0 percentage. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008     

Effect of fullerenes on the structure and properties of linear and crosslinked polyesterurethane ureas

Small concentrations up to 10^?6 mol/cm³ of C₆₀ fullerenes influence on both the molecular and topological structures changing at synthesis and the related mechanical properties of linear (pseudonetworked) and crosslinked polyester urethane ureas (PEUU). A crosslinked PEUU was synthesized on the base of poly(oxypropylene) macrodiisocyanate (POPMDIC) and 3,3′‐dichloro‐4,4′‐diaminodiphenylmethane (MOCA) with virtually an equimolar ratio of amine and isocyanate groups, but the linear polymer was obtained with twofold molar excess of amine groups. Fullerenes change the network density, the share of the physical branching junctions and molecular weight distribution (MWD) of the chain segments between the networking junctions. Additionally, molecular weight and the polydispersity index increase with C₆₀ concentration in the reaction blend. This evidences to a branching role of C₆₀ during their interaction with terminating amine groups. An influence of MWD of the chain segments between the networking junctions on tensile strength of the crosslinked and linear polymers was assumed. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 104: 1431–1442, 2007     

Synthesis and characterization of aromatic/cycloaliphatic poly(amide‐ imide‐imide)s from bis(4‐amino‐ 3,5‐dimethylphenyl) cycloalkane derivatives

A series of novel aromatic diamines containing cycloaliphatic moieties was synthesized by the reaction of cycloalkanones like cyclohexanone and cycloheptanone with 2,6‐dimethylaniline. The tetrimide diacid was synthesized using the prepared diamine with 3,3′,4,4′‐benzophenonetetracarboxylic acid dianhydride/pyromellitic dianhydride and p‐aminobenzoic acid. The polymers were prepared by treating the tetrimide diacid with different aromatic diamines. The structures of the monomers and polymers were identified using elemental analysis and Fourier transform infrared, ¹H NMR and ¹³C NMR spectroscopy. The polymers show excellent solubility. The polymers are amorphous and have high optical transparency. They also show good thermal stability and their T_g value is found to be in the range 268–305 °C. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry     

Synthesis of sulfhydryl chitin and its adsorption properties for heavy metal ions

This article discusses the preparation of the water‐insoluble adsorbent sulfhydryl chitin (s‐chitin), by treatment of the chitin with sulfhydryl acetic acid in the presence of sulfuric acid as a catalyst. Its structure was confirmed by elemental analysis, FTIR spectra analysis and near‐IR spectra analysis. We also investigated the adsorption properties of sulfhydryl chitin for Cu^II, Cd^II, Pb^II, Cr^III, and Ni^II. Based on the research results of adsorption capacity, the effect of pH value on adsorption, adsorption kinetics experiments, and selective adsorption experiments were observed. It has been shown that the s‐chitin has much better adsorption for Pb^II, Cu^II, and Cd^II than chitin itself. The adsorption capacities of s‐chitin for Pb^II, Cu^II, and Cd^II were 108.3, 94.7, and 57.1 mg/g, respectively. It also had good adsorption properties for heavy metal ions. The adsorption capacities were also affected by the acidity of medium. The adsorbed Cu^II, Cd^II, and Pb^II could be eluted by diluted chlorhydric acid. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 77: 151–155, 2000     

Proton Conducting Membranes Based on Poly(2,2′‐imidazole‐5,5′‐bibenzimidazole)

Poly(2,2′‐imidazole‐5,5′‐bibenzimidazole) (PBI‐imi) was synthesized via the polycondensation between 3,3′,4,4′‐tetraaminobiphenyl and 4,5‐imidazole‐dicarboxylic acid. Effects of the reaction conditions on the intrinsic viscosity of the synthesized polymers were studied. The results show that the molecular weight of the polymers increases with increasing monomer concentration and reaction time, and then levels off. With higher reaction temperature, the molecular weight of the polymer is higher. With the additional imidazole group in the backbone, PBI‐imi shows improved phosphoric acid doping ability, as well as a little higher proton conductivity when compared with widely used poly[2,2′‐(m‐phenylene)‐5,5′‐bibenzimidazole] (PBI‐ph).Whereas, PBI‐imi and PBI‐ph have the similar chemical oxidation stability. PBI‐imi/3.0 H₃PO₄ composite membranes exhibit a proton conductivity as high as 10^–4 S cm^–1 at 150 °C under anhydrous condition. The temperature dependence of proton conductivity of acid doped PBI‐imi can be modeled by an Arrhenius equation.     

Synthesis of telechelic C60 end‐capped polymers under microwave irradiation

Bromo‐Double‐Terminated polystyrene (Br‐PSt‐Br) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (Br‐PMMA‐Br) with predesigned molecular weight and narrow polydispersity were prepared by atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) using the initiating system aa′‐dibromo‐p‐xylene(DBX) / CuBr/2,2′‐bipyridine(bipy). The precursor bromo‐terminated polymers were subsequently functionalized with fullerene C₆₀ using CuBr/bipy as the catalyst system under microwave irradiation (MI). The telechelic C₆₀ end‐capped products were characterized by gel permeation chromatography (GPC), UV‐vis, FT‐IR, TGA, DSC, ¹H NMR, and ¹³C NMR. The results showed that microwave irradiation could significantly increase the rate of fullerenation reaction, and the physical properties and structure of the C₆₀ end‐capped polymers are not modified by the use of the microwave. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 99: 828–834, 2006     

SPOTLIGHT ON MANUFACTURING TRENDS IN JAPAN

Three reactive and functional polymers were synthesized by reacting formaldehyde with the phenolic Schiff bases derived from 4,4′-diaminodiphenylsulfone and o-, m-, and p-hydroxybenzaldehydes, respectively. The metal ion uptake behavior of these resins towards Cu²⁺, Ni²⁺, Co²⁺, and UO₂ ²⁺ ions in dilute aqueous media was studied. The optimum conditions for the absorption of metal ions were determined by varying the various parameters like contact time, size of the sorbents, concentration of the metal ion solutions, and the pH of the reaction medium. Suitable conditions were ascertained for preferential adsorption of the above metal ions from the salt solutions containing other interfering ions such as Na⁺, K⁺, and Mg²⁺. Presence of these alkali and alkaline earth metal ions in the salt solutions did not affect the adsorption behavior of the resins. It was observed that the structural features of the resins have a profound effect on the uptake characteristics. The position of the OH group present in the meta position with respect to the imine nitrogen atom in the resin, demonstrated a significant influence on the extent of metal ion adsorption by the resin. Out of the three resins reported here, the resin derived from the Schiff base of m-hydroxybenzaldehyde-4,4′-diaminodiphenylsulfone showed higher efficiency in uptake of metal ions from the solutions than the corresponding resins derived from the Schiff bases of o- and p-hydroxybenzaldehyde-4,4′-diaminodiphenylsulfone.     

Synthesis and adsorption properties,toward some heavy metal ions,of a new polystyrene‐based terpyridine polymer

A novel polymeric ligand having 2,2′:6′,2″‐terpyridine as pendant group was prepared through a Williamson type etherification approach for the reaction between 4′‐hydroxy‐2,2′: 6′,2″‐terpyridine and the commercially available 4‐chloromethyl polystyrene. The chelating properties of the new polymer toward the divalent metal ions (Cu²⁺, Zn²⁺, Ni²⁺, and Pb²⁺) in aqueous solutions was studied by a batch equilibration technique as a function of contact time, pH, mass of resin, and concentration of metal ions. The amount of metal‐ion uptake of the polymer was determined by using atomic absorption spectrometry. Results of the study revealed that the resin exhibited higher capacities and a more pronounced adsorption toward Pb²⁺ and that the metal‐ion uptake follows the order: Pb²⁺ > Cu²⁺ > Zn²⁺ > Ni²⁺. The adsorption and binding capacity of the resin toward the various metal ions investigated are discussed. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012     

Adsorption of Cu2+ ions with poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide‐co‐methacrylic acid) micro/nanoparticles

Chelation efficiency of stimuli‐responsive poly(N‐iospropylacrylamide‐co‐methyacrylic acid) (PNIPAAm‐MAA) nanoparticles with Cu²⁺ ions from CuSO₄·5H₂O solution and from wood treated with copper‐based preservatives was studied. It was shown that particle size played a very important role in the adsorption process. The nano‐scale particles showed much improved Cu ion adsorption efficiency, compared with the micro hydrogels. The amount of Cu ion adsorption increased with increase of MAA ratio in copolymers and adsorption efficiency decreased with increased particle size. Furthermore, the adsorption amount varied with adsorption temperature at temperatures both below and above the corresponding low critical solution temperature (LCST). The high adsorption efficiency of Cu ions by PNIPAAm‐MAA polymer particles provides an effective technique for recovering metal ions (e.g., Cu²⁺) from wood treated with metal‐based preservatives. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008     

Novel sulfonated poly(arylene biphenylsulfone ether) copolymers containing bisphenylsulfonyl biphenyl moiety: structural,thermal, electrochemical and morphological characteristics

A series of sulfonated poly(arylene biphenylsulfone ether) polymers containing up to two pendant sulfonic acid groups per repeat unit were successfully synthesized from 4,4′‐bis[(4‐chlorophenyl)sulfonyl]‐1,1′‐biphenyl (BCPSBP), disodium 3,3′‐disulfonate‐4,4′‐dichlorodiphenylsulfone (SDCDPS) and bisphenol A via aromatic nucleophilic displacement polycondensation. The resulting polymers were characterized by means of Fourier transform infrared and ¹H NMR spectroscopy, gel permeation chromatography, differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The number‐average molecular weight (M_n) of the synthesized polymers was in the range 15 300–22 900 g mol^?1, and the polydispersity indices (M_w/M_n) varied from 2.5 to 4.4. Tough membranes with SDCDPS/BCPSBP mole ratio up to 50:50 were successfully cast using N‐methyl‐2‐pyrrolidone (NMP). An increase of sulfonic acid groups in the polymer backbone resulted in increased solubility in aprotic polar solvents and glass transition temperature. The TGA curves of all the copolymers in acid form exhibited two distinct weight‐loss profiles. The influential characteristics of the polymer electrolyte membranes, such as tensile strength, water uptake, ion‐exchange capacity and proton conductivity, were characterized with respect to the pendant sulfonic acid groups. Atomic force microscopy phase images of the acid‐form membranes clearly showed the hydrophilic domains, with sizes increasing as a function of the degree of sulfonation. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry     

Synthesis and characterization of cross‐linkable poly(phthalazinone ether ketone)s

A novel class of crosslinkable poly(phthalazinone ether ketone)s with relative high molecular‐weight and good solubility were successfully synthesized by the copolymerization of bisphthalazinone containing monomer, 3,3′‐diallyl‐4,4′‐dihydroxybiphenyl and 4,4′‐di‐ fluorobenzophenone. The synthesized polymers with inherent viscosities in the range of 0.42 to 0.75 dL/g can form flexible and transparent membranes by casting from their solution. The crosslinking reaction of these polymers can be carried out by thermally curing of the virgin polymers in or without the presence of crosslinking agent. The experimental results demonstrated that the crosslinking reaction also occurred to some extent during the polymerization. The crosslinked polymers exhibited equivalent glass transition temperature (T_g) at lower crosslinking density, and showed higher T_g than virgin polymers at higher crosslinking density. The crosslinked high‐temperature polymer can be used as the base material for high temperature adhesive, coating, enamel material, and composite matrices. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2007     

Sorption properties of the iminodiacetate ion exchange resin,amberlite IRC‐718, toward divalent metal ions

The sorption properties of the commercially available cationic exchange resin, Amberlite IRC‐718, that has the iminodiacetic acid functionality, toward the divalent metal‐ions, Fe²⁺, Cu²⁺, Zn²⁺, and Ni²⁺ were investigated by a batch equilibration technique at 25°C as a function of contact time, metal ion concentration, mass of resin used, and pH. Results of the study revealed that the resin exhibited higher capacities and a more pronounced adsorption toward Fe²⁺ and that the metal‐ion uptake follows the order: Fe²⁺ > Cu²⁺> Zn²⁺ >Ni²⁺. The adsorption and binding capacity of the resin toward the various metal ions investigated are discussed. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008     

Absorbency and adsorption of poly(acrylic acid‐co‐acrylamide) hydrogel

Poly(acrylic acid‐co‐acrylamide) (PAAAM) hydrogels have been prepared from partly neutralized acrylic acid (AA) and acrylamide (AM) by solution polymerization, and their absorbency and adsorption in both CuCl₂ and FeCl₃ solutions have been investigated. PAAAM hydrogels and their complexes with Cu²⁺ or Fe³⁺ have been characterized by FTIR. The absorbency of PAAAM in both CuCl₂ and FeCl₃ solutions increases initially and then decreases as the absorbing time increases. The adsorption of PAAAM in both CuCl₂ and FeCl₃ solutions can be described by the pseudo‐second order chemisorption kinetics proposed by Ho and McKay, and the equilibrium uptake of Cu²⁺ on PAAAM can well be fit with the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. However, the equilibrium uptake of Fe³⁺ on PAAAM increases as the initial Fe³⁺ concentration increases for Fe³⁺ concentration smaller than 5.625 × 10^?3 mol/L, and then decreases with Fe³⁺ concentration. The largest uptakes for Cu²⁺ and Fe³⁺ are 247 and 173 mg/g, respectively. The results also show that the uptake of Cu²⁺ and Fe³⁺ on PAAAM increases remarkably when pH of the solution is changed from 2.3 to 4.2 and from 1.0 and 2.1, respectively. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2007     

Surface selectivity competition of newly synthesized polyarylidene(keto amine) polymers toward different metal ions

A new series of polyarylidene(keto amine)s (PAKAs) 3_a?3_e based on thiophene moieties in polymer main chains were synthesized with the solution polycondensation technique. The polymers were synthesized by the reaction of the new monomer 1,1′‐(1E,1′E)‐(2‐oxocyclohexane‐1,3‐diylidene)bis(methanylylidene)bis(thiophene‐5,2‐diyl)bis(2‐chloroethanone) ( 2 ) with different diamines. The new monomer was first synthesized under the normal conditions of the Friedel–Crafts reaction. The results obtained from both elemental and spectral analyses were consistent with the chemical structure of the new monomers and the polymers. Moreover, the identification of the polymers was carried out with different characterization techniques. The analytical competition of the newly synthesized PAKA polymers as selected examples ( 3_d and 3_e ) was also evaluated for a selective extraction of metal ions, including Cd(II), Co(II), Cu(II), Cr(III), Fe(III), Ni(II), and Zn(II), before their determination by inductively coupled plasma–optical emission spectrometry. The results of the selectivity study demonstrated that the 3_d and 3_e polymers was the most selective toward Co(II) and Fe(III), respectively. However, the adsorption capacity of 3_d for Co(II) was improved by 10.10% in comparison to that of 3_e for Fe(III) after only 1 h of contact time. Moreover, the adsorption isotherm data also showed that the adsorption process was mainly monolayer on the homogeneous adsorbent surfaces of both polymers. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014 , 131, 40873.     

Microwave promoted synthesis and characterization of isomeric poly(ether ether ketone)s

A series of isomeric poly(ether ether ketone)s were synthesized using microwave‐assisted method by nucleophilic substitution reaction of hydroquinone and 4,4′‐biphenol with 4,4′‐difluorobenzophenone (DFBP) or 2,4′‐DFBP in the presence of anhydrous K₂CO₃. The polymers with inherent viscosities in the range of 0.20–0.71 dlg^?1 were obtained in quantitative yields and had excellent thermal stability as shown by the temperature of 5% weight loss in nitrogen above 410°C. X‐ray diffraction patterns confirmed the semicrystalline character of some of the polymers. The results also indicate that the reaction time was shortened remarkably and the reaction temperature could be controlled easily. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2011. © 2010 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Influence of synthesis conditions on the production of molecularly imprinted polymers for the selective recovery of isovaleric acid from anaerobic effluents

Two molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) – poly(methacrylic acid‐co‐TRIM) (TRIM, trimethylolpropanetrimethacrylate) and poly(acylamide‐co‐TRIM) – were synthesized in different solvents for the selective recovery of isovaleric acid (template) generated during the anaerobic digestion process. The chemical and structural characterizations of the synthetic adsorbent were carried out by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, TGA and porosimetry through N₂ adsorption–desorption isotherms. The selective and adsorptive performances of the imprinted polymers were evaluated by kinetic, isothermal, thermodynamic and selectivity studies and by adsorbent reuse experiments. The poly(methacrylic acid‐co‐TRIM) synthesized with dimethyl sulfoxide:chloroform presented higher selectivity and adsorption capacity for isovaleric acid in the presence of six volatile fatty acids. The kinetic results were well adjusted to the pseudo‐nth order and intraparticle diffusion models, leading to k values of 10^?4 and 6 × 10^?5 for the best synthesis of MIPs and not‐imprinted polymers, respectively. Moreover, the Sips model best described the adsorption isotherm and generated a maximum adsorption capacity of ca 209 mg g^?1 (at 25 °C). Cycles of MIP use–desorption–reuse indicated that the selective adsorbent performed better than commercial adsorbents, losing less than 3% of adsorption capacity after three cycles. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry     

Studies on polyurethanes and polyurethane–ureas derived from divalent metal salts of mono(hydroxybutyl) hexolate

Divalent metal salts of mono(hydroxybutyl)hexolate [M(HBH)₂), M=Ca²⁺, Mn²⁺or Pb²⁺] were synthesized by the reaction of 1,4‐butanediol, 5,6,7,8,10,10‐hexachloro‐3a,4,4a,5,8,8a,9,9a‐octahydro‐5,8‐methanonaphtho‐[2,3‐C]‐furan‐1,3‐dione and divalent metal acetates. Hexamethylene bis [N′‐(1‐hydroxy‐2‐methyl‐prop‐2‐yl)urea] (HBHMPU) and tolylene 2,4‐bis[N ′‐(1‐hydroxy‐2‐methyl‐prop‐2‐yl)urea] (TBHMPU) were synthesized by reacting 2‐amino‐2‐methyl‐propan‐1‐ol with hexamethylene diisocyanate (HMDI) and tolylene 2,4‐diisocyanate (TDI), respectively, in toluene solvent. Flame‐retardant metal‐containing polyurethanes were synthesized by the solution polymerization of HMDI with M(HBH)₂ and the polyurethane–ureas by reacting HMDI with 1:1 mixture of M(HBH)₂ and HBHMPU or TBHMPU, respectively, in DMSO as solvent. The polymers have been characterized by elemental analysis, solubility, viscosity and IR and ¹H NMR spectroscopy. The thermal stability of the polymers has been studied by thermogravimetry. The flame‐retardant property of the polymers has been investigated by measuring limiting oxygen index values. © 2000 Society of Chemical Industry     

Studies on the effects of copper salts on the separation performance of chitosan membranes

The effects of copper salts on the pervaporation performance of chitosan membranes for water/ethanol mixtures were studied. The results show that the selectivity to water can be improved by addition of Cu²⁺ in the feed, and that CuSO₄ was more effective than CuCl₂. The reason for the marked increase in selectivity and the difference in performance between the copper salts is explained as follows. With CuSO₄, the multivalent metal ion forms a complex with four  NH₂ ligands of the chitosan molecules and the new conformation is simultaneously immobilized by the ionic crosslinking with SO₄². This is different from the Cu²⁺ of CuCl₂, which mainly coordinates with  OH in the C‐6 position of chitosan, and Cl⁻ cannot crosslink the complexes. Therefore, chitosan membranes have a stronger absorption capability for the Cu²⁺ of CuSO₄ than for Cu²⁺ from CuCl₂. In addition, ion cross‐linking formed by CuSO₄ more strongly decreases the permeation of ethanol. Studies of the effects of acid on pervaporation performance of the Cu²⁺‐treated chitosan membrane show that separation properties of the membrane change with addition of acid to the feed. This is attributed to Cu²⁺ being eluted from the chitosan membrane followed by the reaction of acid molecules with the  NH₂ functional groups of the chitosan membrane. © 2000 Society of Chemical Industry     

Effects of added metal ions on the interaction of chitin and partially deacetylated chitin with an azo dye carrying hydroxyl groups

The binding of chrome violet, which is a monoazo dye and involves two hydroxyl groups in the o and o′ positions to an azo group, to chintin and partially decetylated chitin, was examined in the presence of metal ions. Zn²⁺ and Cu²⁺ ions do not perceptively influence the binding affinity of chrome voilet to chitin. In contrast, Co²⁺ ion enhances the binding and Ni²⁺ ion suppresses it. In the lower free dye concentrations the dye uptake by partially deceteylated chitin was tremendously enhanced by adding. Co²⁺ ion in the buffer solution of pH 5. The dye uptake by the polymer was considerably increased by the addition of Cu²⁺ ion at pH 5 and became much larger at pH 6. The amount corresponded to that in the presence of Co²⁺ ion. To investigate further the action of added metal ions, a cobalt- or a chrome–complex dye was prepared, and the binding properties for the polymers were compared with those of chrome violet in the presence of Co²⁺ and Cu²⁺ ions. Some possible mechanisms for the enhancement of chrome violet binding by the addition of Co²⁺ and Cu²⁺ ions are described. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Synthesis of novel copper ion-selective material based on hierarchically imprinted cross-linked poly(acrylamide-co-ethylene glycol dimethacrylate)

A novel hierarchically imprinted cross-linked poly(acrylamide-co-ethylene glycol dimethacrylate) using a double-imprinting approach for the Cu²⁺ selective separation from aqueous medium was prepared. In the imprinting process, both Cu²⁺ ions and surfactant micelles (cetyltrimethylammonium bromide – CTAB) were employed as templates. The hierarchically imprinted organic polymer named (IIP-CTAB), single-imprinted (IIP-no CTAB) and non-imprinted (NIP-CTAB and NIP-no CTAB) polymers were characterized by SEM, FTIR, TG, elemental analysis and textural data from BET (Brunauer–Emmett–Teller) and BJH (Barrett–Joyner–Halenda). Compared to these materials, IIP-CTAB showed higher selectivity, specific surface area and adsorption capacity toward Cu²⁺ ions. Good selectivity for Cu²⁺ was obtained for the Cu²⁺/Cd²⁺, Cu²⁺/Zn²⁺ and Cu²⁺/Co²⁺ systems when IIP-CTAB was compared to the single-imprinted (IIP-no CTAB) and non double-imprinted polymer (NIP-CTAB), thereby confirming the improvement in the polymer selectivity due to double-imprinting effect. For adsorption kinetic data, the best fit was provided with the pseudo-second-order model for the four materials, thereby indicating the chemical nature of the Cu²⁺ adsorption process. Cu²⁺ adsorption under equilibrium was found to follow dual-site Langmuir–Freundlich model isotherm, thus suggesting the existence of adsorption sites with low and high binding energy on the adsorbent surface. From column experiments 600 adsorption–desorption cycles using 1.8 mol L⁻¹ HNO₃ as eluent confirmed the great recoverability of adsorbent. The synthesis approach here investigated has been found to be very attractive for the designing of organic ion imprinted polymer and can be expanded to the other polymers to improve performance of ion imprinted polymers in the field of solid phase extraction.