Preparation of Highly Active Nickel Catalysts Supported on Mesoporous Nanocrystalline γ‐Al2O3 for Methane Autothermal Reforming

Autothermal reforming (ATR) of methane was carried out over nanocrystalline Al₂O₃‐supported Ni catalysts with various Ni loadings. Mesoporous nanocrystalline γ‐Al₂O₃ powder with high specific surface area was prepared by the sol‐gel method and employed as support for the nickel catalysts. The prepared samples were characterized by X‐ray diffraction, Brunauer‐Emmett‐Teller, temperature‐programmed reduction, temperature‐programmed hydrogenation, and scanning electron microscopy techniques. It is demonstrated that the methane conversion increased with increasing in Ni content and that the catalyst with 25 wt % Ni exhibited the highest activity and a stable catalytic performance in the ATR process, with a low degree of carbon formation. Furthermore, the effects of the reaction temperature, the calcination temperature, the steam/CH₄ and O₂/CH₄ ratios, and the gas hourly space velocity on the catalytic performance of the 25 % Ni/Al₂O₃ catalyst were investigated.     

YSZ/Al2O3/YSZ多层陶瓷叠层制备方法的研究

本文分别采用三种叠层方式制备YSZ/Al2O3/YSZ多层陶瓷,通过实验得出:由于YSZ与Al2O3陶瓷烧结性能的差异,导致YSZ与Al2O3陶瓷叠层共烧时容易分层翘曲,YSZ与Al2O3主要依靠层间的物理啮合作用而结合。通过在流延YSZ层与丝网印刷Al2O3层之间增加印刷YSZ过渡层的叠层方法,可以改善YSZ流延层与Al2O3丝网印刷层之间的结合,而得到结合良好的YSZ/Al2O3/YSZ多层陶瓷共烧结合界面。     

Effects of promoters on catalytic activity and carbon deposition of Ni/γ‐Al2O3 catalysts in CO2 reforming of CH4

Catalytic reforming of methane with carbon dioxide was studied in a fixed‐bed reactor using unpromoted and promoted Ni/γ‐Al₂O₃ catalysts. The effects of promoters, such as alkali metal oxide (Na₂O), alkaline‐earth metal oxides (MgO, CaO) and rare‐earth metal oxides (La₂O₃, CeO₂), on the catalytic activity and stability in terms of coking resistance and coke reactivity were systematically examined. CaO‐, La₂O₃‐ and CeO₂‐promoted Ni/γ‐Al₂O₃ catalysts exhibited higher stability whereas MgO‐ and Na₂O‐promoted catalysts demonstrated lower activity and significant deactivation. Metal‐oxide promoters (Na₂O, MgO, La₂O₃, and CeO₂) suppressed the carbon deposition, primarily due to the enhanced basicities of the supports and highly reactive carbon species formed during the reaction. In contrast, CaO increased the carbon deposition; however, it promoted the carbon reactivity. © 2000 Society of Chemical Industry     

Preparation of a LaNiO3/γ‐Al2O3 Catalyst and its Performance in Dry Reforming of Methane

LaNiO₃/γ‐Al₂O₃ catalysts containing 10, 15, 20, and 25 wt % Ni were prepared by a combination of sol gel with propionic acid as solvent and an impregnation method (LNA‐acid) as well as with ethanol as solvent and addition of acetic acid (LNA‐eth). Catalytic activities towards CO₂ reforming of CH₄ were tested in a fixed‐bed reactor at 700 °C, 750 °C, and 800 °C. LNA‐eth with 20 wt % Ni exhibited the best activities in dry reforming of methane and a good activity and stability, when it was tested at 800 °C during 75 h time‐on‐stream.     

Small Amounts of Rh-Promoted Ni Catalysts for Methane Reforming with CO2

Small amounts of Rh-promoted Ni/-Al₂O₃ catalysts possessed higher activity than pure Ni/-Al₂O₃, Rh-Al₂O₃ catalysts and exhibited excellent coke resistance ability in methane reforming with CO₂. XRD, H₂-TPR, CO₂-TPD and coking reaction (via CH₄ temperature-programmed decomposition) indicated that Rh improved the dispersion of Ni, retarded the sintering of Ni and increased the activation of CO₂ and CH₄ on the surface of catalyst.     

Catalyst Design of Pt-Modified Ni/Al2O3 Catalyst with Flat Temperature Profile in Methane Reforming with CO2 and O2

Pt(0.3)/Ni(10)/Al₂O₃, prepared by a sequential impregnation method, exhibited a more excellent performance in methane reforming with CO₂ and O₂ in terms of the catalytic activity and the temperature profile of the catalyst bed than Pt(0.3) + Ni(10)/Al₂O₃ prepared by a coimpregnation method, Ni(10)/Al₂O₃, Pt(0.3)/Al₂O₃, and Pt(10)/Al₂O₃. It is thought that this is because the surface Pt atoms on Ni catalyst can contribute to the enhancement of the catalyst reducibility.     

CO Adsorbed Infrared Spectroscopy Study of Ni/Al2O3 Catalyst for CO2 Reforming of Methane

CO adsorbed infrared spectroscopy study was conducted in this work in order to better understand the significantly improved anti-coke performance of Ni/Al₂O₃ catalyst obtained via argon glow discharge plasma treatment. The present study revealed a significant decrease of linear to bridge (L/B) adsorbed CO for glow discharge plasma treated Ni/Al₂O₃, compared to that for untreated Ni/Al₂O₃, indicating an enhancement of close packed plane concentration. This structure change leads to lower methane turnover frequency (TOF) and better balance of carbon formation-gasification, resulting in better anti-coke property of Ni/Al₂O₃ for CO₂ reforming of methane.     

Ni/Al_2O_3覆膜方法

阐述了Ni/Al2 O3 复合颗粒在生产中的应用 ,讨论了在Al2 O3 陶瓷颗粒上形成Ni膜的三种方法 ,分析了这些方法的优缺点。     

一种提高Mo—Ni／Al2O3催化剂金属分散度的方法研究

提出了一种提高Ｍｏ－Ｎｉ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３催化剂金属分散度的方法，并采用ＸＰＳ及连续流动高压微反等手段进行考查和评价。研究结果表明，向浸渍液中加入适当的有机酸，要明显提高Ｍｏ，Ｎｉ的分散度，进而改善了催化剂的活性及选择性。     

共沉淀法制备Ni/Al2O3催化剂的研究

油脂加氢催化剂是以金属镍为活性组分、氧化铝为载体制备的Ni/Al2O3催化剂。在制备催化剂过程中,其合成条件直接影响着催化剂的最终活性。以工业硝酸镍、碳酸钠和自制氧化铝粉为原料,利用共沉淀的方法制备加氢催化剂,考察了反应温度、反应时间、反应液pH及反应过程中搅拌转速对催化剂活性的影响。通过实验数据汇总分析,最终确定制备Ni/Al2O3油脂加氢催化剂的最佳条件：反应温度为85 ℃、反应结束时溶液pH=8.0、反应时间为1.5 h、搅拌转速为600 r/min。在此条件下制备的Ni/Al2O3催化剂,经棕榈油加氢评价后测定的碘值最低。     

Investigation of CH4 Reforming with CO2 on Meso-Porous Al2O3-Supported Ni Catalyst

Meso-porous Al₂O₃-supported Ni catalysts exhibited the highest activity, stability and excellent coke-resistance ability for CH₄ reforming with CO₂ among several oxide-supported Ni catalysts (meso-porous Al₂O₃ (Yas1-2, Yas3-8), -Al₂O₃, -Al₂O₃, SiO₂, MgO, La₂O₃, CeO₂ and ZrO₂). The properties of deposited carbons depended on the properties of the supports, and on the meso-porous Al₂O₃-supported Ni catalyst, only the intermediate carbon of the reforming reaction formed. XRD and H₂-TPR analysis found that mainly spinel NiAl₂O₄ formed in meso-porous Al₂O₃ and -Al₂O₃-supported catalysts, while only NiO was detected in -Al₂O₃, SiO₂, CeO₂, La₂O₃ and ZrO₂ supports. The strong interaction between Ni and meso-porous Al₂O₃ improved the dispersion of Ni, retarded its sintering and improved the activated adsorption of CO₂. The coking reaction via CH₄ temperature-programed decomposition indicated that meso-porous Al₂O₃-supported Ni catalysts were less active for carbon formation by CH₄ decomposition than Ni/-Al₂O₃ and Ni/-Al₂O₃.     

1,4-丁炔二醇二段加氢Ni/Al_2O_3催化剂的研究

采用共沉淀法制备负载量为15%(质量分数)的1,4-丁炔二醇二段加氢Ni/Al2O3催化剂。考察反应温度、压力、时间、pH值和转速等因素对1,4-丁炔二醇二段加氢反应的影响。实验结果表明,在反应温度125℃、转速1 100r/min、反应时间3.6h、反应液pH值6.0、压力4.0MPa条件下,所制备的催化剂具有较好的活性,其收率达到90%。     

负载型纳米FeOZrO2/Al2O3催化剂的制备

主要研究制备以大孔A12O3,为基载体的负载型纳米FeOZrO2/Al2O3,复合载体.采用溶胶-凝胶法制备负载型纳米FeOZrO2/Al2O3,复合载体.利用比表面、透射电子显微镜(TEM)等对载体催化剂进行了表征.结果表明:负载型纳米FeOZrOJhl203复合载体的比表面积达到76.53 sq·m/g,FeOZrO2/Al2O3,中的FeO粒子约为40nm,较Fe0/Al2O3中FeO的粒子(100nm)小且分布均匀.     

KF／Al2O3催化合成α-亚异丙基环戊酮

研究了KF/Al2O3催化下丙酮与环戊酮缩合生成α-亚异丙基环戊酮。考察了催化剂用量,反应温度以及反应时间对产率的影响。最佳反应条件是反应物用量丙酮为0.275mol,环戊酮0.075mol,催化剂用量11.9g,反应时间8h,反应温度40℃,产率50%。     

CoMo/Al_2O_3-SiO_2催化剂原位红外光谱研究

采用原位红外光谱技术,以CO作为探针分子研究了加氢脱硫CoMo/Al2O3-SiO2催化剂的活性吸附位的变化规律。原位硫化温度范围为300~550℃,获得了CoMo/Al2O3-SiO2催化剂的MoS(2110cm2-1)和CoMoS(2070cm-1)活性相在增加硫化温度过程中的转变规律。在CoMo/Al2O3-SiO2催化剂中,当载体中SiO2含量逐渐增加时,能够显著改变催化剂活性相的相对强度变化,表明载体中加入适量的SiO2能够显著改变加氢脱硫CoMo/Al2O3-SiO2催化剂的载体与活性金属(Co和Mo)的相互作用,从而提高金属在加氢催化剂载体上的分散性能,产生更多活性吸附位。     

微乳-水热法合成核壳型TiO2/Al2O3纳米粉体

本文采用微乳-水热法一步合成了核壳型TiO2/Al2O3纳米粉体.通过对产物的Zeta电位研究得出制备Ti(OH)4/Al(OH)3核壳前驱体的最佳pH值.并且采用XRD、TEM及SEM等表征方法与普通一步水热法合成的TiO2/Al2O3纳米粉体的晶形晶貌进行比较.结果表明:微乳-水热法能改善颗粒形状和大小,产品的颗粒大小均匀、平均晶粒粒径为13.68 nm.     

Catalytic activity of Pt‐Re‐Pb/Al2O3 naphtha reforming catalysts

BACKGROUND: The main purpose of the naphtha reforming process is to obtain high octane naphtha, aromatic compounds and hydrogen. The catalysts are bifunctional in nature, having both acid and metal sites. The metal function is supplied by metal particles (Pt with other promoters like Re, Ge, Sn, etc.) deposited on the support. The influence of the addition of Pb to Pt‐Re/Al₂O₃ naphtha reforming catalysts was studied in this work. The catalysts were prepared by co‐impregnation and they were characterized by means of temperature programmed reduction, thermal programmed desorption of pyridine and several test reactions such as cyclohexane dehydrogenation, cyclopentane hydrogenolysis and n‐heptane reforming. RESULTS: It was found that Pb interacts strongly with the (Pt‐Re) active phase producing decay in the metal function activity. Hydrogenolysis is more affected than dehydrogenation. Part of the Pb is deposited over the support decreasing the acidity and the strength of the most acidic sites. CONCLUSION: The n‐heptane reforming reaction shows that Pb modifies the stability and selectivity of the Pt‐Re catalysts. Small Pb additions increase the stability and greatly improve the selectivity to C₇ isomers and aromatics while they decrease the formation of low value products such as methane and gases. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry     

加料方式对共沉淀法制Ni/Al2O3的影响

本文采用XRD研究了加料方式对共沉淀法制备的Ni/Al2O3的影响。结果表明：采用并流的方法制备的Ni/Al2O3中Ni分散度较好。     

K_2CO_3/Al_2O_3催化丙醛缩合制备2-甲基-2-戊烯醛

制备了K2CO3/Al2O3固体碱催化剂,并将其用于催化丙醛缩合合成2-甲基-2-戊烯醛。当反应温度为85℃,反应时间1 h,溶剂乙醇10 mL,丙醛用量9.4 mL,催化剂用量为1.0 g时,2-甲基-2-戊烯醛的产率可达71.2%。固体K2CO3不具备催化性能。     

镍盐前驱体对Ni/SBA-15催化剂上甲烷干重整反应性能的影响

研究了不同镍盐前驱体(硝酸镍、乙酸镍和氯化镍)制备的Ni/SBA-15催化剂对甲烷干重整反应催化性能的影响。与硝酸镍和氯化镍相比,以乙酸镍为前驱体制备的催化剂在不同反应温度下具有优异的催化活性,在700℃下,经过20 h连续的稳定性测试,催化剂仍表现出良好的稳定性和选择性。利用N_2吸附-脱附、XRD、XPS、H_2-TPR和TG对催化剂结构、表面物种和还原性等进行分析。结果表明,乙酸镍制备的Ni/SBA-15催化剂具有较低的NiO结晶度以及良好的分散度、优越的氧化还原性能和抗积碳性能。此外,活性组分Ni与载体SBA-15之间的相互作用有利于其良好的催化活性。