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1.
The concept of fabric engineering—the design of fabrics with predetermined physical properties—is used in relation to the structure of woven fabrics, and it is shown from theoretical considerations, with the aid of computer analysis, that a large discrepancy exists between the number of weaves of comparatively small size that can be woven and the number that are actually produced. Experimental results obtained on fabrics woven in accordance with a particular plan indicate that the weave has a very marked effect on both tearing strength and stiffness. The results further suggest that weave modification can provide a means of obtaining very accurate control of the two properties investigated and of their possible combinations, and the same may well be true of other physical properties of fabrics. 相似文献
2.
The use of an Accelerotor abrasion tester is discussed, and the abrasion-resistance of several plain-weave fabrics is shown to depend on the type of fibre. The materials are ranked in order of decreasing resistance to abrasion with carborundum, rubber, metal, and plastics abradants. Polyamide fibres have outstanding resistance and cellulose-ester and regenerated protein fibres poor resistance to abrasion. The order of resistance of other synthetic-polymer fibres, regenerated cellulosic fibres, and natural fibres is shown to alter slightly according to the nature of the abradant, the linear density of the fibre, and the sett of the fabric. The results are in general agreement with published data, but the resistance of polypropylene-fibre fabrics is lower than it was expected to be. Microscopical examination of detritus confirmed that this consisted of small segments of complete fibre, which indicated that abrasion occurs by fibre breakage. A useful correlation is established between the specific strength and initial modulus of a fibre, or the energy of rupture of mechanically conditioned fibres, and the abrasion-resistance of a fabric. 相似文献