棉织物的新型盐剂A活性染色

用新型盐剂A对棉织物进行阳离子化和胺化改性,提高其对活性染料的上染性能。红外光谱分析发现,棉织物经新型盐剂A改性预处理后,纤维上引入了大量氨基。优化的改性工艺为:盐剂A 6 g/L,浴比1:20,80℃处理10 min。经盐剂A改性的棉织物采用活性染料染深色时,无机盐用量可以减少60%以上;染料的上染率和固色率,以及耐水洗色牢度和匀染性均有提高,但耐摩擦色牢度略有降低,色光基本不变。     

Dyeing properties of cationized and non-cationized cotton fabrics dyed with Vitis vinifera L. leaves extract

This study lays bare two main objectives. The first is to determine the amount of anthocyanins in the leaves of Vitis vinifera L. by the spectrophotometric method and the second is to dye cationized and non-cationized cotton fabrics with the V. vinifera L. leaves aqueous extract. We have thoroughly investigated the effects of dye bath pH and temperature on the dyeing proprieties of the aforementioned fabrics. The color strength (K/S value) of dyed cationized cotton fabrics (K/S = 12) has been better than the non-cationized ones (K/S = 4). Experimental results show that the fastness properties of dyed cationized cotton fabrics range from average to good. We find that the cationization of cotton fabrics has largely improved the dyeability and fastness properties of cotton fabrics dyed with V. vinifera L. leaves aqueous extract.     

Influence of atmospheric plasma-induced graft polymerization of DADMAC into cotton on dyeing with acid dyes

The primary objective of this work was to generate dyes sites in cotton fiber for acid dyes via free radical graft polymerization of diallyldimethylammonium chloride (DADMAC), to confer cationized cotton, and evaluate the dyeability of the cationized cotton toward acid dyes, which is unprecedented. Plasma-induced graft polymerization of DADMAC on cotton, using different plasma conditions, followed by dyeing with different acid dyes was studied. The color yield of dyed cotton was evaluated using K/S. Light fastness, color change, and staining following accelerated washing cycles were carried out to evaluate the effectiveness of cotton cationization. Cross-section dyed cotton was studied using scanning electron microscopy and showed deep dyeing of acid dyes into cotton fibers. This approach resulted in significant dye uptake into the fibers and considerably reduced the need for effluent treatment.     

改性剂预处理棉织物的黑色活性染料染色

研究了棉织物用聚环氧氯丙烷胺化物改性时,改性剂用量、烧碱用量、改性温度及时间对改性织物染色K/S值的影响,讨论了改性织物染黑色时盐和碱的用量,并对改性和未改性染色织物的乌黑度、上染率、K/S值及染色牢度作了比较。结果表明,棉织物经改性后染黑色乌黑度高,K/S值以及上染率均有较大提高,耐洗和耐摩擦牢度好。     

Dyeing of Cationized Cotton with Natural Colorant from Purple Corncob

In this investigation, dyeing of cotton fabric with natural dye extracted from purple corncob was attempted by means of pretreatment with a cationic agent, 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyltrimenthylammonium chloride (CHTAC). Maximum color yield results were achieved when the fabric was pretreated with CHTAC at a concentration of 125 g/L, followed by dyeing at 100°C for 30 min in a dye bath adjusted to pH 9. The influence of meta- and post-mordanting with AlK(SO₄)₂, CuSO₄, FeSO₄, and gallnut was subsequently explored. Compared with the unmordanted sample, post-mordanting enhanced K/S values and slightly improved light fastness, but both meta- and post-mordanting caused a reduction in wash fastness from an excellent to a fair level, with the exception of CuSO₄. Meanwhile, mordanting with gallnut increased the acid and alkaline perspiration fastness from a poor and fair to a good level.     

A non-aqueous dyeing process of reactive dye on cotton

Based on previous work, the feasible method for dyeing cotton with reactive dye in dye/decamethyl cyclopentasiloxane (D5) suspension system was re-established by increasing the system stability using selected surfactants, and taking the color depth (K/S value) as the evaluation index, the dyeing process parameters such as temperature, dyeing duration, pick-up ratio of alkali solution on fabric, as well as the alkali concentration were optimized further for setting up dyeing conditions. The dyeing results produced by new method showed that the dye uptake could reach nearly 100% without any salt as accelerating agent. Since just a little water was used in the process, hydrolysis of reactive dyes was restrained, fixing rate was increased, and the apparent color depth of the dyed sample was much better than traditional water bath dyeing. The washing fastness and rubbing fastness of samples were satisfactory.     

双发色体活性橙的制备及对棉织物的染色性能

以三聚氯氰为连接基,间氨基苯脲和2-氨基-5-萘酚-7-磺酸为偶合组分,2-萘胺-3,6,8-三磺酸和4-硫酸乙酯砜基苯胺为重氮组分,通过分子内配色制备了双发色体橙色活性染料.将合成的染料分别以浸染、轧染和印花方式用于棉织物,发现棉织物的印花固色率达到78.9％,浸染固色率为74％～75％,轧染固色率为85.6％,染色...     

新型低碱活性染料染色工艺研究

针对活性染料常规染棉织物工艺中纯碱用量过多的问题,采用新型的低碱活性染料对棉织物进行染色。分析了工艺参数如盐、碱及温度等对K/S值的影响,得到了低碱活性染料染棉织物较佳工艺:染料1%(owf)时,纯碱1.5g/L,元明粉70g/L,80℃固色40min,浴比1∶25;染料5%(owf)时,纯碱3g/L,元明粉80g/L,80℃固色60min,浴比1∶25。低碱活性染料染色所需纯碱用量少,仅为传统活性染料染色时纯碱用量的1/10左右,染色织物得色量高,且染色工艺简单。     

涤/棉交织物一浴法轧染工艺

针对涤/棉交织物染色工艺流程长,耗水耗能大,碳排放量和废水排放量高等问题,研究了涤/棉交织物分散/活性染料一浴两步法轧染工艺。通过分析分散/活性混合染液在不同pH值条件下的稳定性,探讨了焙烘温度、焙烘时间、染浴pH值、固色碱种类与质量浓度、汽蒸时间等对分散蓝79以及K型、KN型、M型活性染料染色效果的影响,并对一浴两步法轧染工艺和两浴两步法工艺产生的能耗进行计算和比较。结果表明:一浴两步法染色织物可以获得与传统染色工艺相同的颜色深度,耐摩擦色牢度以及耐皂洗色牢度可以达到4~5级;以分散蓝79和活性蓝19为例,相比于传统两浴两步法轧染,每染色1万m涤/棉交织物,一浴两步法轧染工艺可减少45.5%的水耗、20.9%的电能消耗、41.7%的热能消耗、40.6%的CO₂排放。     

Dyeing of cotton fabric with Cuminum cyminum L. as a natural dye and its comparison with synthetic dye

In the present study, an attempt has been made to dye the industrially bleached woven cotton fabric with Cuminum cyminum L., commonly known as cumin seeds, as a source of natural dye which has not been exploited as natural dye by far. Optimization of natural dye extraction from cumin seeds with respect to buffer mediums; acidic, neutral and alkaline and dyeing parameters viz., dyeing time, dyeing temperature, dyeing pH and electrolyte concentration was done. Dyeing of cotton fabric was carried out with the aqueous extract of cumin seeds with and without mordant. Dyeings obtained without mordants were compared with those obtained by pre-mordanting with tannic acid and various metallic mordants viz., potassium aluminium sulphate, ferrous sulphate, copper sulphate, stannous chloride and potassium dichromate and their combinations. Typical shades obtained with the natural dye were matched with commercially available reactive dyes and compared with fastness properties and indicative costs. From the results, it could be said that the natural dye extracted from cumin seeds has good potential in the textile dyeing market and can be exploited further.     

基于H酸母体的反应性染料及其棉印花性能

将合成的4只基于H酸为母体的反应性染料通过传统印花方式应用于棉织物印花中。探究染料母体分子结构对印花性能的影响,以及该系列染料在印花过程中对尿素及碱用量的依赖性。结果表明,该系列反应性染料在棉织物上具有很好的印花性能,且色牢度优良;染料结构中水溶性基团的数目对印花性能具有显著影响,重氮组分中含有1个磺酸基的反应性染料表现出更好的得色量和色牢度。     

A novel treatment for multifunctional finishing and reactive dyeing of polyamide‐6–cotton blend

A new approach to simultaneous functional finishing and reactive dyeing of polyamide‐6–cotton fabric (50/50) is developed. The extent of improvement in the functional and dyeing properties is determined by the UV‐absorber, UV‐Sun® CEL, concentration, type and concentration of the used reactive dye as well as the treatment sequence. The UV‐protection and the antibacterial properties, against S. aureus (G+ve) and E. coli (G?ve) bacteria, of the simultaneously finished and dyed fabric samples are maintained even after 15 washing cycles. After 15 washing cycles, the depth of shades and the fastness properties of the obtained dyeings are not seriously affected. The incorporation of the used UV‐absorber onto the blend fibres was also confirmed by SEM analysis.     

一浴法染色新工艺的探讨

探讨了用分散／活性染料对涤／棉混纺织物进行一浴法染色的工艺条件，以及用载体法对涤／丝混纺织物进行一浴一步染色。实验表明，应用该工艺染色不仅染色效果好，色泽鲜艳，上染率高，牢度较好，而且节水、节能、省时，完全符合染整工艺的发展方向。     

棉织物微波染色研究

研究了棉织物的微波活性染色与固色,并与常规染色工艺进行了比较.试验结果表明:经微波染色或固色的织物,其上染率和色牢度普遍达到或高于常规水浴加热法染色;微波加热可以大大缩短染色时间,节能效果明显.     

多活性基阳离子交联剂改性棉的无盐染色

以一氯均三嗪和环氧丙基为反应性基团的多活性季铵化合物，用于棉纤维的改性；改性后的纤维采用活性染料染色。研究了改性时间、浓度等条件对染色性能的影响。结果表明，与传统活性染料染色工艺相比，改性织物采用无盐染色工艺，在无电解质存在的条件下，上染率和固色率均有大幅度提高，湿处理牢度优于常规染色。     

一种高分子阳离子活性染料的合成及应用性能研究

以聚乙烯亚胺(PEI)为高分子骨架,2-(1-蒽醌基氨基)-4,6-二氯-1,3,5-三嗪为染料母体,通过化学接枝,合成了高分子染料,再对聚乙烯亚胺高分子上的氮进行季铵化,得到高分子阳离子活性染料.通过红外光谱表征合成的高分子阳离子活性染料的结构,并在无盐染色工艺条件下对棉织物、羊毛进行浸染,结果显示具有较高的上染百分率和固色率,摩擦牢度较好.     

平幅轧染中针织物形变对染色的影响

针对平幅轧染中针织物易形变、张力不均带来皱褶和染色不匀等问题,通过选用多种化学结构活性染料对棉针织物进行浸轧染色,借助方差分析的手段,考察针织物在不同拉伸形变条件下固色后染料结构对染色性能的影响。结果表明:针织物采用不同活性基活性红实施平幅轧染,无论在横向还是纵向张力拉伸条件下预烘及汽蒸固色,拉伸对针织物的染色与匀染影响较小;由于染料结构的差异导致棉针织物对染料的吸附固色不同,不同的染料对同一种针织物的浸轧染色提升力有所区别;染中浅色时轧染可节省更多染料,尤其对于活性红WBRH(KN型),轧染色深明显高于浸染,更推荐轧染方式;染色后针织物皂洗牢度大于或等于4级。     

Eco-Friendly Dyeing of Silk and Cotton Textiles Using Combination of Three Natural Colorants

Silk and cotton fabrics were dyed with combination of three colorants extracted from Acacia catechu (AC), Alkanna tinctoria (AT), and Curcuma Longa (CL) in nine different formulations at 80°C by exhaustion method without mordanting. Dyed samples were evaluated for color value and washing fastness. The biodegradability of dye bath effluent was assessed by measuring the pH, TDS and COD of the residual dye bath liquor. It is inferred that the final color of dyed fabrics from each formulation is governed by the dominant natural dye in the dyeing combination. K/S values inferred that the exhaustion of natural dye is higher in silk fabric than cotton fabric in all formulations. It could be concluded that in the dyeing combination, colorant that have very good affinity towards the functional groups of fibers, itself acts as mordant for other natural colorants.     

棉织物的活性染料低含水率焙蒸固色工艺

针对棉织物传统轧烘轧蒸染色工艺存在的能耗高、活性染料易水解、废水含盐量高和排放量大等问题,提出了利用密封装置固色的棉织物低含水率焙蒸固色工艺。通过测定密封装置中织物表面温度的变化曲线,探讨含水率对织物升温以及织物染色性能的影响,研究棉织物低含水率焙蒸固色理论。探究焙蒸温度、焙蒸时间、代用碱和Na₂SO₄质量浓度对棉织物低含水率焙蒸固色的影响,并且对低含水率焙蒸固色工艺与轧烘轧蒸工艺染色织物的染色效果进行了比较。结果表明:染料用量相同时,经低含水率焙蒸固色工艺染色织物的K/S值均比经轧烘轧蒸工艺染色织物的K/S值高,采用这2种工艺染色的织物耐摩擦色牢度相差较小,这为提升棉织物轧染工艺的染色性能提供了新方法。     

棉纤维阳离子化的简易定量检测方法

针对目前棉纤维阳离子改性时改性程度的盲目性问题,建立了一种简单有效的定量检测棉阳离子化程度的方法。采用结构简单的单阴离子酸性染料对阳离子化棉上染,酸性染料在阳离子化棉纤维的吸附符合Langmuir型吸附,纤维染色饱和值精确对应了改性后棉上阳离子的摩尔数量。研究得出,酸性黄36和酸性橙7两种酸性染料定量测定棉纤维阳离子化程度时,因染料结构不同产生的误差仅为0.8％,因仪器不同测试误差仅为1.2%?。结果表明,这种新的简易定量检测方法有效可行,准确度高。