正反捻双股线结构及其拉伸性能的研究

探讨正反捻双股线结构及拉伸性能。分别使用棉纱和涤纶长丝制成正反捻双股线并对其进行加捻、结构扫描和拉伸试验。结果表明:随着捻度的增加,纱线中的一股因同向加捻而收缩成为芯纱(丝),另一股因退捻而伸长成为包缠纱(丝),其捻缩率主要取决于芯纱(丝)的捻缩率,包缠纱(丝)对芯纱(丝)的包缠角取决于两根纱(丝)的捻缩率差异;正反捻双股线的强力低于同号的普通双股线,存在两个临界捻系数峰值;其拉伸断裂曲线在捻系数较小时会出现双峰现象,当捻系数足够大时,则呈现单峰状态。认为该研究结论可为花式纱线和复合纱线的生产与研究提供一定的实践与理论支撑。     

S捻向棉纱生产实践

棉纱常用Z捻以利于纱线断头时工人的接头操作,用S捻单纱配右斜纹组织可达到模拟股线产品的效果,且生产成本可以降低很多。在S捻棉纱整经和浆纱生产过程中更容易出现捻缩,通过降低S捻纱的捻系数可减少捻缩现象,纱线强度没有下降。     

氨纶包芯纱的弹性与其织物缩率的关系

长丝的牵伸倍数是在纺制氨纶包芯纱时的重要参数,包芯纱的捻度、织机筘幅及织物经纬密度都与织物缩率有直接关系。分析了包芯纱捻度、长丝牵伸倍数与缩率的关系。结果表明：其他条件相同时,坯布的缩率会随着捻度的增加而减小,随着氨纶丝牵伸倍数的增加而增加,平纹缩率﹥斜纹缩率﹥缎纹缩率。     

真丝重绉强捻股线线型的研究——均匀试验设计法的应用

强捻股线是制织真丝重绉的一种简便有效的线型。本文应用均匀试验设计法研究了该丝线的纤度、捻度与捻缩、断裂伸长率间关系，以及加捻单元丝线的纤度、捻度、并合数与织物幅缩率及平方米克重间的关系，给出了股线中加捻单元纤度和并合数的合适取值范围。     

捻向配置对尺寸稳定性的影响

利用16．2tex的S捻和Z捻棉纱线,通过改变7种平纹织物中经纱和纬纱的配置及纱线S捻和Z捻的配置,研究了捻向和捻度松弛对尺寸稳定性的影响。结果表明经纱Z捻、纬纱S捻配合时,织物的收缩率比其他捻向纱线配合时要小。     

Studies on cotton–acrylic bulked yarns and fabrics. Part I: Yarn characteristics

The effect of variables, namely yarn fineness, shrinkable acrylic proportion and twist level, on various properties of cotton–acrylic blended bulked yarns has been studied by relaxing shrinkable component of the yarns using boiling water treatment. A three-variable factorial design technique proposed by Box and Behnken was used to investigate the combined interaction effect of the above variables on the properties of these yarns. The design variables were optimized for all the yarn properties by using the response surface equations. The shrinkage percentage of yarn was found to be higher in the case of coarser yarn, yarn with higher proportion of acrylic fibre and higher twist level. During bulking treatment as the yarns shrink, the effective number of twist per unit length also increases significantly. It is observed that the specific volume of the yarn increases with an increase in the acrylic proportion and decreases with an increase in the twist factor. The breaking extension increases significantly after bulking with a slight increase in tenacity. The flexural rigidity and initial modulus of yarn considerably decrease on bulking. The vertical wicking heights for all the bulked yarns were found to be higher than comparable 100% cotton yarn.     

纯毛弹性绉织物的设计与开发

对纯毛高弹绉织物所采用的纱线捻度、经纬纱支、经纬密度及捻向配置进行了分析与试验，通过改变经纬纱捻向配置和交织规律来控制相邻纱线的退捻力矩，并以适当的后处理使织物产生不同效果的收缩，实现了织物的起绉，并赋予织物优良的伸缩性。对试织样品的弹性伸长率及回复率进行了测试，确定了起绉与弹性效果的最佳工艺。     

涤/氨包缠纱性能初探

通过实验 ,对涤 /氨包缠纱的强力、伸长、捻度、沸水收缩率等指标进行了测试分析 ,并得出结论     

涤粘仿毛织物组织参数因子与风格的数学关系

在涤粘仿毛织物风格的因子分析过程中,将FAST织物风格仪测试的26个物理力学性能指标按照因子的重要程度分为4类:第1类风格分别为ST、T100R、HE.2、RS.1、E100.2、HE.1、F.1、F.2;第2类风格分别为E100.1、A.1、T2R、T2、E20.2、B.2、E20.1、T100;第3类风格分别为B.1、G、A.2、E5.1、STR、C.1、E5.2、C.2;第4类风格分别为EB5、RS.2。然后将织物的组织参数按照因子分为3类:第1类分别为纬纱缩率、经纱缩率、经纱捻度;第2类分别为织物经密、纬纱线密度、纬纱捻度;第3类分别为织物纬密、织物面密度及经纱线密度。通过经织物风格及组织参数的因子分析,探讨了各个因子对于织物风格影响的重要程度。     

Impacts of yarn twist and staple length on UV protection of plain-knitted cotton fabrics

Yarn construction is an important attribute in knitting and end use performance of knitwear. Holistically, yarn construction affects fabric thickness and weight, and thereby influences ultraviolet (UV) protection of fabrics. Although impact of yarn construction on UV protection of fabrics is apparent, there appears to be limited research on it. This paper studied the UV protection of plain-knitted fabrics made of three types of ring-spun cotton yarns varying in yarn twist level and staple length. The results show that these yarn properties affect UV protection of fabrics differently before and after laundering. The modified low-twisted yarn possesses a bulky feature which creates a porous fabric structure for more ultraviolet radiation (UVR) transmission. The extra-long staple yarn offers uniform fabric appearance for higher UVR reflection. However, the regularity of yarn also restricts the fabric shrinkage in laundering and thus improvement in UV protection by shrinkage is not as obvious as that provided by the conventional short-staple yarn.     

基于R-因子方法的涤粘仿毛织物风格的数学建模

通过R-因子分析方法对涤粘仿毛织物的风格进行研究,对于14种涤粘仿毛织物,根据原料、混纺比、面密度、经纬纱线密度、经纬纱捻度、经纬纱缩率及经纬密度,利用FAST织物风格仪分别测试14种仿毛织物的压缩性能、拉伸性能、弯曲性能、剪切性能、可成形性、松弛收缩性能、湿膨胀性能以及缓弹性褶皱回复性能,利用SPSS软件对仿毛织物的35个指标进行主因子分析,得出了仿毛织物的8个主要因子,探讨影响仿毛织物风格的因素,用来指导仿毛织物的生产及产品开发.     

采用图像法测量竹节纱捻度的初探

为了准确测定竹节纱的捻度,了解捻度在竹节纱基纱和竹节部分的分布情况,采用图像法及纤维示踪法对10种竹节纱样品的基纱和竹节部分的捻角进行了测试,分析了捻度分布与竹节纱规格的关系.结果表明:采用图像法和纤维示踪法可以较为准确地测量竹节纱基纱与竹节部分的捻度;基纱和竹节部分的捻度的大小及分布受基纱号数、节长、节距及竹节倍数的影响.在竹节倍数增加时,基纱捻度增加而竹节捻度减少;在竹节纱循环周期内,竹节长度增大,竹节捻度增大,基纱捻度也增大,基纱与竹节纱捻度差减小;当竹节长度占竹节纱周期长度一半时,基纱与竹节纱捻度差又大幅增加.     

Simultaneous Optimization of Woven Fabric Properties Using Principal Component Analysis

The yarn structure and fabric interlacing pattern are determining parameters for fabric properties. The current study focusses on the multi-response optimization of certain fabric properties like shrinkage, areal density, thickness, flexural rigidity, and bending modulus using principal component analysis for optimum properties. Yarn twist (four different levels), fabric weave design (plain and twill), and yarn type (carded and combed) were the variables of the study. The Taguchi approach of the orthogonal array was sued for designing the experiments, and eight different samples were produced. The yarn twist and fabric weave design were found to have significant effect on these properties of the fabric. Furthermore, using analysis of the variance method, contribution% of parameters to these properties was determined.     

高收缩涤纶仿毛纱线的开发

高收缩涤纶纤维属于低强高伸型纤维，经热收缩后能产生不规则的自然卷曲，小伸长时弹性回复率高，手感柔软而富有弹性，可与普通纤维混纺经膨化处理后制成仿毛纱线产品。介绍了高收缩涤纶纤维的性能以及利用棉纺设备开发生产涤粘混纺仿毛纱线的工艺措施。通过试验，根据纱线仿毛效果优选了涤纶粘胶纤维的混纺比和成纱捻系数。对比分析了赛络纺复合纱、单纱及股线三种结构涤粘混纺纱线的性能及其织物的仿毛风格。     

Comparison between artificial neural network and response surface methodology in the prediction of the parameters of heat set polypropylene yarns

In the present paper, a response surface model has been introduced to predict the geometrical parameters of heat set polypropylene pile yarns. The input factors of the presented model include yarn twist, initial yarn count, time, and temperature of heat setting and the response factors are yarn count, yarn shrinkage, crimp contraction and packing factor after the heat setting process. To analyse the effect of this process on the yarn parameters, the dry heat setting process has been applied to all samples at different times and temperatures using an oven equipped with air circulation because of better accuracy and control of temperature. The obtained results showed that there is a positive relation between time and temperature and output parameters. Finally, the predicting equations discussions about the optimum points for maximum shrinkage and interactions of parameters have been presented. Hence, due to some disability of the RSM method, an ANN model has been designed to predict the parameters at higher accuracy. The results of the accomplished ANN model represent a higher prediction correlation coefficient compared to RSM.     

纯涤纶股线拉伸力学性能与捻度的关系

制取了6种捻度的纯涤纶短纤维环锭纱，对同一捻度的单纱合股后反向加捻成不同捻度的股线，通过测试股线的断裂强度、断裂伸长率、初始模量，发现涤纶股线断裂强度随着股线捻度的增加出现三个极大值，且分布有一定规律。分析了股线断裂强度、断裂伸长率、初始模量与单纱捻度、捻比之间的关系，并拟合出断裂强度、断裂伸长率与单纱捻度、股线捻度间的关系方程式。     

赛络纺纱线捻度结构分析

探讨赛络纺纱线的捻度结构.分析了赛络纺纱线结构特性及捻度分布,着重从单纱加捻、合股纱复合加捻的过程进行系统地分析,并通过三种不同的方法来进行纱线捻度构成进行分析、测量计算.得出:由单一的纱加捻变为复合纱线加捻,加捻程度能获得1 1＞2的效果.     

空心锭包覆纺纱的芯纱残留捻回及其应用

为探讨空心锭包覆纺纱过程中外包缠纱对芯纱的假捻作用与应用,以黑、白两色涤纶长丝纱组成双芯纱,黑色涤纶长丝纱为外包缠纱,纺制了不同纺纱工艺的包覆纱,分析了芯纱残留捻回的捻向和捻度特征以及锭速、引纱速度、芯纱张力对芯纱残留捻度的影响;对利用芯纱残留捻度纺制段彩纱的原理与段彩特征进行了探讨,并给出了应用实例。结果表明:外包缠纱对芯纱缠绕的假捻作用,会使芯纱上形成残留捻向变化、捻度不等的捻回分布;残留捻回的捻度随锭速的增大、引纱速度的降低、芯纱张力的减小而增大;利用芯纱残留捻回的片段呈色效应,可用异色芯纱纺制具有段彩外观的“纱/纱”复合段彩纱,这种段彩纱具有区别于常规段彩纱的“闪色”特征。     

空心锭包覆纺纱包缠捻度及其分布的影响因素分析

为探讨影响空心锭包覆纺纱包缠捻度及其分布的因素及影响程度,分析了外包缠纱退绕及芯纱在包缠张力作用下扭转产生的附加捻度,以及影响附加捻度大小和波动的因素;对采用不同芯纱速度、线密度、张力以及粗细不匀芯纱纺制的包覆纱进行了捻度测试与比较分析。结果表明:外包缠纱退绕产生的附加捻度的捻向与包缠捻向相同,而芯纱扭转产生的附加捻度的捻向与包缠捻向相反;随纺纱工艺的不同,二者的共同作用决定了包缠捻度的偏差大小和分布均匀度;包缠捻度具有纱线加捻的类似捻回分布特征,芯纱粗细不匀显著影响短片段捻回分布均匀度,粗节处捻回少,细节处捻回多。     

长丝短纤复合纱线强伸性能与加捻关系研究

涤棉复合纱线采用涤轮长丝和棉单纱复合加工而成，是一种生产细号轻薄型面料的优良纱线。复合纱线中各组分性能的差异对复合纱线与织物的性能将产生极大的影响。在复合纱线反向加捻的情况下，通过试验分析了复合纱线断裂强力、断裂伸长率与单纱捻度、复合纱线捻度之间的关系。复合纱线也存在着临界捻系数，复合纱线断裂伸长率与复合纱线捻系数呈正线性相关，复合纱线断裂强力、断裂伸长率与单纱捻系数呈正线性相关。