Mathematical model to predict vertical wicking behaviour. Part II: flow through woven fabric

The aim of the paper is to develop a mathematical model to predict vertical wicking behaviour of woven fabric. The first part of this series (Part I) has dealt with the mathematical model for predicting vertical wicking through yarn. In this part a model has been proposed to predict vertical wicking of the woven fabric, based on the developed yarn model. In order to model the flow through woven fabric along with the vertical flow through liquid carrying threads, the horizontal flow through transverse threads has also been taken into account. A simplified fabric geometrical concept (inclined tube geometry) and Peirce geometry for plain woven fabric have been used to define the fabric structure. Warp and weft linear density, fabric sett and yarn crimp have been considered in the fabric modelling. The theoretical wicking values of the yarn and fabric made from that yarn have been compared. Experimental verification of the model has been carried out using polyester and polypropylene fabrics. The model is found to predict the wicking height with time through the yarns and fabrics with reasonable accuracy.     

Mathematical model to predict vertical wicking profile of single weft knitted structure

Mathematical models has been proposed to predict the vertical wicking height in single weft knitted fabric considering two scales of capillary flow; macroscale capillary flow through capillaries formed between yarns in the fabric, and microscale capillary flow through capillaries formed with in yarn. Macroscale model has been developed based on the sinusoidal irregular capillary to predict wicking profile along the wale and course directions. Microscale capillary model was developed considering capillaries as tortuous stream tubes along the wale and along the course. Another model based on inclined tube capillary has been developed to predict the wicking along wale. Lambert function has been used to calculate wicking height at different intervals of time. Validation of theoretical results has been done with experimental results taking fabric knitted from polyester yarns. Three different levels of tightness and three different shape factors of filament have been taken in the experimental study and the significance of their effect has been evaluated using ANOVA. A good correlation has been found between theoretical and experimental results.     

Ease distribution in relation to the X-line style jacket. Part 1: Development of a mathematical model

Abstract

When the three-dimensional garment style was transformed into the two-dimensional garment pattern, the information of ease distribution was crucial because the ease of the garment was one of the important elements in constructing garment style. To model the ease distribution of X-line style jackets, the ease distribution was qualitatively presented by the shapes of cross section at different altitude. The newly defined segmental girth ease allowance provided a quantitative understanding of the ease distribution. A mathematical model of ease distribution was established in the X-line style jacket by using the surface fitting approach, which may predict the ease distribution of jackets in different dimensions. The ease distribution models of bustline, waistline, and hipline in X-line style of jackets were satisfactory because of lower root-mean-square error, especially compared with the actually measured data.