氧化石墨烯分散体系的流变性能

利用扫描电子显微镜对氧化石墨烯(G O)微观结构进行表征,从黏度、表面张力等角度分析G O分散体系的流变性能,研究GO在多种胺类有机溶剂及水基中的分散行为及其湿法纺丝性能.结果表明,在相同用量下,小尺寸GO分散体系的黏度小于大尺寸GO分散体系;在相同体系浓度下施加不同剪切应力,分散体系出现剪切变稀现象,即剪切速率越高,...     

海藻酸钠/改性氧化石墨烯微孔气凝胶纤维制备与吸附性能

为提升海藻酸钠(SA)/氧化石墨烯(GO)复合纤维对阳离子染料的吸附性能及其力学性能,以轻质碳酸钙作为成孔剂,马来酸酐接枝氧化石墨烯(MAH-GO)微粒作为增强剂,SA作为基体,采用湿法纺丝与冷冻干燥法,经酸性置换制备SA/MAH-GO微孔气凝胶纤维,并对其化学结构、形貌和粒度进行分析,探讨了MAH-GO质量分数对微孔气凝胶纤维断裂强度的影响,采用吸附动力学及吸附等温线模型对吸附实验数据进行拟合分析。结果表明：MAH-GO质量分数为0.5%时,SA/MAH-GO微孔气凝胶纤维的拉伸断裂强度最优,为0.513 cN/dtex,与SA/GO气凝胶纤维断裂强度相比提高了11.51%,其吸附过程符合准二级吸附动力学模型,主要受到化学吸附机制控制,对亚甲基蓝最大吸附量可达2 400.66 mg/g。     

花状氧化石墨烯原位展开共聚聚酰胺6及其功能纤维

为实现复合纤维中石墨烯的分子级分散,从而改善现有石墨烯复合纤维制成率低、强度低、耐用性差等问题,提出了一种原位展开共聚的机制,使得聚酰胺6(PA6)分子接枝的石墨烯片能够均匀分散在体系内,从而批量制备多功能PA6/石墨烯纤维,建立起全新的纤维制备-加工-性能一体化系统,实现了多功能性和高力学性能的兼顾。结果表明：在聚合过程中,花状氧化石墨烯呈现出逐步展开、分散的形貌变化,同时参与聚合反应中;反应结束后,PA6分子均匀接枝在石墨烯片表面,并诱导PA6发生了晶型转变;加入0.1%石墨烯后复合纤维单丝的拉伸强度相比纯PA6纤维提高25.4%,拉伸模量提高49.5%;此外,石墨烯复合PA6面料兼具优异的抗菌、抗病毒、远红外发射、负离子发生、防紫外线等功能,具有广阔的市场前景。     

氧化石墨烯协同二硫代焦磷酸酯阻燃粘胶纤维的制备及其性能

为提高粘胶/二硫代焦磷酸酯(VF/DDPS)纤维的阻燃及力学性能,以氧化石墨烯(GO)作为协同阻燃剂添加到VF/DDPS基体中,通过湿法纺丝工艺制得VF/DDPS/GO复合纤维。借助热重分析仪、极限氧指数仪、微型量热仪和单丝强力仪研究GO对VF/DDPS复合纤维热性能、阻燃性能和力学性能的影响。结果表明:与VF/DDPS纤维相比,当GO质量分数为2.0%时,VF/DDPS/GO复合纤维的残炭量从20.0%增加到29.7%,极限氧指数从27.8%升高到29.1%,热释放速率峰值从141.5 W/g降低到99.4 W/g,干、湿断裂强度分别从2.08、0.96 cN/dtex增加到2.20、1.17 cN/dtex;GO的添加可提高VF/DDPS炭渣的石墨化程度和致密度,增强炭渣的热质阻隔作用。     

棉秆皮纤维素/氧化石墨烯纤维的制备及其力学性能和吸附性能

为提高纤维素基纤维的强力及其对阳离子染料亚甲基蓝的吸附能力,利用超声分散和湿法纺丝法,制备了含有不同质量分数氧化石墨烯(GO)的棉秆皮纤维素/GO纤维。借助透射电子显微镜、扫描电子显微镜、傅里叶红外光谱仪分析了棉秆皮纤维素/GO纤维的形态和结构,探讨了GO质量分数对纤维断裂强力和吸附量的影响,并对吸附实验数据进行拟合分析。结果表明:随着GO质量分数的增加,纤维的断裂强力先增大后减小;GO质量分数为0.4%时,纤维断裂强力最优为31.12 cN,与未添加GO的纤维相比断裂强力提高了84%;纤维对亚甲基蓝的吸附量随着GO质量分数的增加而增加,吸附过程符合准二级吸附动力学模型和Langmuir等温吸附模型,属于单分子层的吸附,吸附过程为自发的放热反应。     

石墨烯整理蚕丝织物的导电性能

为获得耐水洗和高导电的纺织材料,采用原位还原法将氧化石墨烯(GO)用于蚕丝织物的导电整理。探究了GO 质量浓度、GO 溶液pH 值、还原剂用量、超声时间和十二烷基苯磺酸钠质量浓度等对蚕丝织物导电性能的影响,分析了还原氧化石墨烯(rGO)导电蚕丝织物的导电耐久性,并借助扫描电子显微镜对织物形貌进行表征。结果表明：在GO 质量浓度为15 g/ L,GO 溶液pH 值为5,还原剂质量浓度为5 g/ L,超声时间为30 ~ 60 min 时,采用原位还原法还原吸附GO 并烘干的蚕丝,其表面电阻值降低至1. 372 kΩ/ cm,导电性优良;蚕丝表面被GO 完全覆盖,经20 次水洗或机械摩擦后蚕丝织物依然保持较好的导电性能。     

电泳沉积碳纳米管和氧化石墨烯修饰碳纤维表面的研究进展

针对碳纤维表面极性官能团少,化学活性低,与基体间的界面结合强度弱等问题,综述了国内外关于电泳沉积碳纳米管和氧化石墨烯修饰碳纤维提高其复合材料力学性能的最新研究进展。阐述了在不同的电泳沉积工艺下,分别在碳纤维表面引入碳纳米管和氧化石墨烯,对修饰碳纤维表面及其复合材料力学性能的影响。总结了影响电泳沉积修饰碳纤维效果的因素,并提出了相应的建议。展望了电泳沉积修饰碳纤维表面的研究发展方向,指出对碳纤维、碳纳米管和氧化石墨烯进行预处理,添加辅助工艺的电泳沉积设备制造将会成为未来的重要研究方向。     

氧化石墨烯/壳聚糖改性涤纶织物的抗静电性能

通过改进Hummers法制备氧化石墨烯(GO),采用层层自组装法将氧化石墨烯和壳聚糖(CS)组装在涤纶织物表面构成CS/GO复合膜.通过扫描电子显微镜、傅里叶变换红外光谱、X射线衍射表征氧化石墨烯的形貌、化学组成及层间距;采用扫描电子显微镜、织物感应静电仪分析CS/GO复合膜织物的表面形貌结构和抗静电性能.研究发现,GO和CS成功地交替组装在涤纶织物表面,改性织物的吸水率和抗静电性得到改善.其中,CS质量浓度为2g/L,组装5层复合膜的织物,其静电半衰期值从181.54s下降至2.44s,且耐水洗性良好.     

高氧化程度氧化石墨烯的制备及性能

为制备氧化程度更高的氧化石墨烯(GO),试验在Hummers法的基础上进行改进,然后运用FT-IR、SEM、XRD、Raman spectra、纳米粒度分析等手段进行性能表征,探究两种方法制备的氧化石墨烯在结构、组成等方面的异同。结果显示,与Hummers法相比,改良Hummers法制备的氧化石墨烯有更多的含氧官能团和更好的水溶性,结构不规整性增大,晶面间距从石墨的0.334 nm增大到0.858 nm,优于Hummers法的0.72 nm,粒度分布更为集中。     

石墨烯纤维的湿法纺丝制备及其性能

为制备兼具导电性和柔韧性的石墨烯纤维,首先采用改进的Hummers法制备氧化石墨烯,然后以氧化石墨烯溶液为纺丝液,CaCl₂的乙醇溶液为凝固浴,通过湿法纺丝后经氢碘酸还原制备得到石墨烯纤维;并以羧甲基纤维素为交联剂对石墨烯纤维进行改性处理,得到交联石墨烯纤维。最后对2种石墨烯纤维的表面形态、导电性和力学性能进行测试与分析,并初步应用。结果表明:制备的氧化石墨烯含氧量为31.37%,单片层厚度为0.88 nm;2种石墨烯纤维表面均较光滑,交联石墨烯纤维内部片层排列更加紧密,其电导率达124 S/cm,与交联前的石墨烯纤维相差不大,但拉伸强度由交联前的120 MPa增加至179 MPa;单根交联石墨烯纤维作为电路导线可点亮灯泡,且可任意弯曲打结编织成花瓣及平纹网状结构。     

Influence of graphene oxide concentration and dipping cycles on electrical conductivity of coated cotton textiles

The electrical conductivity of cotton fabrics is enhanced by coating with graphene in aqueous phase by a suitable process. Two different types of fabrics viz. woven and knitted structures of same GSM are used as substrate. The fabrics are dipped in dispersed graphene oxide (GO) solution and then GO-enriched fabric samples are subjected to a reduction process for in-situ conversion of the added GO to electro-conductive graphene. The concentration of GO solution and number of dipping cycles influence the graphene add-on and electrical resistivity of the fabrics. The change in surface resistivity, thickness, air permeability, porosity and water vapour permeability of the fabrics after the treatment has been evaluated. Comparisons have been made between the woven and knitted fabrics for all these properties to understand the effect of fabric structure.     

柔性石墨烯/聚苯胺复合纤维的制备及电化学性能

为了开发柔性石墨烯基功能复合纤维材料,分别制备了氧化石墨烯和盐酸掺杂聚苯胺,将两者混合后利用湿法纺丝制备了氧化石墨烯/聚苯胺复合纤维,并通过化学还原得到石墨烯/聚苯胺复合纤维。对所制备的复合纤维结构、力学性能及电化学性能进行了表征和测试分析。结果表明,所制备的石墨烯基复合纤维由石墨烯片堆叠的蜂窝状框架和包裹的聚苯胺颗粒构成,氧化石墨烯/聚苯胺复合纤维断裂伸长率高达14.92%,还原后仍可保持在5.57%,断裂强度为25.55 MPa,其比电容可达72.95 mF/cm 2。说明复合纤维具有良好的柔韧性和优异的电化学性能,为其在柔性电极、智能可穿戴方面提供了开发应用的潜力。     

Improvement of SO2 adsorption capacity of fiber web surface produced from continous graphene oxide fiber

Sulphur dioxide (SO₂) is an important atmospheric pollutant, and capture of SO₂ is of great importance for the environment, human health and market. Carbon based materials, especially activated carbon, are mostly used for adsorption purposes. However, there is a notable lack on adsorption of SO₂ on graphene oxide (GO) fibers and fiber web surface. In this study, the effect of addition of activated carbon, pH of GO dispersions, hydrazine reduction and oxygen/argon plasma treatment on SO₂ adsorption of GO fiber web surface were evaluated. It was seen that GO fiber web surface with activated carbon provides high SO₂ adsorption (896 mg SO₂/g) which is very higher than many of carbon based materials presented in the literatures. Single coagulation bath increases surface roughness of fiber and provides higher functional group than three coagulation baths leading to higher SO₂ adsorption capacity.     

Fabrication of electrically conductive and improved UV-resistant aramid fabric via bio-inspired polydopamine and graphene oxide coating

Abstract

This study presents the fabrication of woven aramid fabric (AF) with integrated properties, especially with improved surface activity, UV resistance, electrical conductivity and thermal properties. A biomimicry surface functionalization with polydopamine (PDA) and a further modification by graphene oxide (GO) coating of the AF was demonstrated. The surface properties of AF were changed by repeated reduce graphene oxide (rGO) coating process. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) results showed that the rGO sheets were successfully formed on the surface of AF, and the deposition of GO/rGO was proven by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The electrical conductivity was ascertained by the electrical surface resistance value of the AF. A low surface resistance value of 6.43 K?cm^?1 was obtained after five times of modification, resulting in an excellent conductivity. The ultraviolet protection factor (UPF) value of the modified AF increased to 73 in comparison to 37 for the original AF.     

抗水聚丙烯酸酯类皮革涂饰剂的制备及性能

以丙烯酸丁酯为软单体、甲基丙烯酸甲酯为硬单体,采用乳液聚合法合成聚丙烯酸酯乳液;采用改进Hummers法和超声波分散制备氧化石墨烯,并利用氧化石墨烯对聚丙烯酸酯乳液进行改性,以期达到增强增韧的效果。研究并探索了软硬单体的比例以及氧化石墨烯的用量对乳液及乳胶膜性能的影响。结果表明：在软硬单体分别为40g、24g且氧化石墨烯用量为0．03g时,改性聚丙烯酸酯乳液稳定,成膜手感舒适、光泽好,回弹性好。     

氧化石墨烯掺杂TiO2改性活性炭纤维

为更好地解决废水污染的问题,针对活性炭纤维(ACF)改性进行了研究。以活性炭纤维为基体,采用溶胶凝胶法制备氧化石墨烯(GO)掺杂二氧化钛(TiO₂)的溶液,通过浸渍提拉法实现负载,制备了GO掺杂TiO₂的活性炭纤维。借助红外光谱、拉曼光谱、扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射对其微观结构和表面形态进行表征和分析,并探讨了改性ACF的吸附动力学,以及GO对其可见光光催化降解性能的影响。结果表明:制备的GO-TiO₂/ACFs中TiO₂主要由锐钛矿相组成,GO的掺杂可抑制TiO₂晶体的生长和团聚,TiO₂的晶粒尺寸从15.7 nm降为8.1 nm。与TiO₂/ACFs相比,少量添加GO的GO-TiO₂/ACFs具有更优异的可见光吸附性能,对亚甲基蓝的去除率从65%增至85%,其吸附相比准一级动力学模型更符合准二级动力学模型,属单分子吸附。     

氧化石墨烯/聚苯胺功能膜对棉织物电磁屏蔽性能的影响

为制备轻质高效的吸波型电磁屏蔽织物,采用层层组装方法在棉织物表面涂层氧化石墨烯/聚苯胺(GO/PANI)电磁屏蔽功能膜。研究苯胺单体浓度、氧化石墨烯质量浓度、组装层数对整理棉织物电性能及电磁屏蔽性能的影响,并分析了屏蔽电磁能的吸收率、反射率以及吸收屏蔽效能和反射屏蔽效能。结果表明:苯胺单体浓度和组装层数的增加有利于提高棉织物的电磁屏蔽效能,而随着氧化石墨烯质量浓度的增加,织物的电磁屏蔽效能先增加后减小;组装4层GO/PANI功能膜后棉织物的屏蔽效能达到19.91 dB,可屏蔽98.98%的电磁能,其吸收率达到57.63%,而反射率为41.35%,主要屏蔽机制是吸收。     

茶多酚/还原石墨烯纳米复合物增强羧甲基壳聚糖薄膜性能的研究

目的 探究茶多酚还原氧化石墨烯(grapheneoxide,GO)的能力,进一步利用茶多酚/还原氧化石墨烯(reduced graphene oxide,RGO)改善羧甲基壳聚糖薄膜的综合性能。方法 首先利用茶多酚的还原性制备出茶多酚/RGO,通过X射线衍射仪(X-ray diffractometry,XRD)和傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(Fourier transform infrared spectrometer,FT-IR)表征验证。进一步以羧甲基壳聚糖为基材,甘油为塑化剂,通过流延法制备出一系列不同茶多酚/RGO含量的复合薄膜,测试其力学性能、阻隔性能、光学性能及热稳定性等,分析不同配比对复合薄膜性能的影响。结果 茶多酚和GO的质量比为2:1时,GO被还原的效果较好;与纯羧甲基壳聚糖膜相比,当茶多酚/RGO含量为2.0%时,复合膜的拉伸强度提高了96.9%;当茶多酚/RGO含量为1.0%时,水蒸气透过率最低,为7.0×10-13 [g·cm/(cm2·s·Pa)];随着茶多酚/RGO的添加,复合薄膜能够阻挡50%以上的310 nm以下的紫外光透过,表现出具有良好的抗紫外性。结论 茶多...     

层层组装氧化石墨烯/聚吡咯涂层棉织物的电磁屏蔽性能

为制备高效吸波型电磁屏蔽织物,采用层层组装法在棉织物表面构筑氧化石墨烯/聚吡咯(GO/PPy)功能膜。借助傅里叶红外光谱仪和扫描电子显微镜对GO/PPy涂层织物的结构进行表征,通过万用表和矢量网络分析仪测试织物的导电性能和电磁屏蔽性能。结果表明:织物的阳离子化处理有利于氧化石墨烯和聚吡咯的沉积,适宜的GO质量浓度(0.4 g/L)有利于提升织物的电磁屏蔽效能;随着组装层数的增加,织物的电磁屏蔽性能增加,当组装层数为20时,织物的电磁屏蔽效能达到39.2 dB,可屏蔽99.98%的电磁能;织物对电磁波的吸收率始终大于50%,其主要的屏蔽机制为吸收而非反射。     

Electro-conductivity,bioactivity and UV protection of graphene oxide-treated cellulosic/polyamide fabric using inorganic and organic reducing agents

Here, graphene oxide (GO) was treated on the cellulosic/polyamide fabric reduced with various inorganic and organic compounds and compared the color changes, field emission scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, electrical resistivity, antibacterial/antifungal and ultraviolet protection properties. The graphite oxide was first synthesized using graphite and sonicated to obtain GO. It was then dissolved in distilled water along with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) to prepare a stable solution for long-time adsorbing more and uniform GO on cellulosic/polyamide fabric through exhaustion method. The GO-treated fabric was reduced to reduced graphene oxide (rGO) with inorganic and organic reducing agents including sodium dithionite with and without sodium hydroxide and dopamine hydrochloride at various temperatures. More fabricated GO reduced to rGO at higher temperature using dopamine produced lower electrical resistance. The antimicrobial activities of various samples were tested against two Gram-negative bacteria, E. coli and P. aeruginosa, two Gram-positive bacteria, S. aureus and E. faecalis and one eukaryotic fungus C. albicans. Ultraviolet protection was examined through reflectance spectra showed no UV transmittance from most of the treated fabrics. Further, CTAB was effective to load more GO on the fabric improved electrical resistance and higher antibacterial properties using both reducing agents.