聚乳酸纺黏非织造布的性能测试和分析

为了探寻聚乳酸(PLA)纺黏非织造布的应用性能,对其力学、透气、透湿等6项性能进行测试。结果表明:PLA纺黏非织造布的断裂强度低于聚酯(PET)和聚丙烯(PP)(100%新料)纺黏非织造布;其透气性大于PET,但小于PP纺黏非织造布;PLA纺黏非织造布(60 g/m2)的透湿量为4 371.43 g/(m2·d),具有极好的透湿性;PLA纺黏非织造布的p H值为6.086,呈弱酸性,且具有一定的疏水性;PLA纺黏非织造布的耐热稳定性接近于PP纺黏非织造布。     

New lab-scale device for nonwoven production: optimization of setting parameters

This paper studies the effectiveness of lab scale ‘air laid machine’ designed in the Laboratory of Textile Engineering in ISET of Ksar Hellal, Tunisia for production of nonwoven. Three different types of fibers were used: cotton, kenaf, and polyester. The uniformity of the nonwovens made in terms of thickness, weight per unit area (g/m²), air permeability, and mechanical properties were determined through their coefficient of variation. The method used to evaluate the effectiveness is the overload contour plot. This study demonstrated that ‘Airlaid machine’ is compatible with different types of fibers especially at high values of frequency and pressure.     

Mechanical and functional evaluations of flaming-retardant/far-infrared composite nonwoven fabrics

This study aims to investigate the mechanical properties, far-infrared (FIR) emissivity, and limiting oxygen index (LOI) of FIR ray/low-melting-point (LM) nonwoven fabrics, flame retardant (FR)/LM nonwoven fabrics, and FIR/FR/LM composite nonwoven fabrics, which are with or without heat treatment and also investigating the effect of heat treatment on the LM polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fibers. Test results show that for FIR/LM nonwoven fabrics, applying heat treatment leads to the better mechanical properties and FIR emissivity of 0.90. For FR/LM nonwoven fabrics, unheat-treatment samples have greater mechanical properties and an LOI of 34. For FIR/FR/LM composite nonwoven fabrics, the unheat-treated samples exhibit greater tensile properties, but the heat-treated samples exhibit greater puncture resistance, burst strength, and FIR emissivity. The structural parameters of the composite nonwoven fabrics can be adjusted according to the demand of users in terms of FIR emissivity and flame retardancy, and the composite nonwoven fabrics are thus expected to be used as construction materials for medical systems.     

除臭非织造布的开发

叙述了除臭非织造布的性能要求 ,研究了含有不同活性炭的除臭非织造布的生产技术 ,分析了影响除臭非织造布性能的各种因素。     

汽车内饰用阻燃针刺非织造布的性能影响因素

本文以开发汽车内饰用阻燃针刺非织造布为目的,选用阻燃涤纶纤维和热塑性PP/PE复合纤维（ES纤维）为原料,经针刺工艺和轧光工艺制成了阻燃针刺非织造布。分别对阻燃针刺非织造布进行了硬挺度、透气性、力学性能、燃烧性能和极限氧指数的测试,并详细分析了影响这些性能的原因。结果表明,随着针刺非织造布面密度的增大,针刺非织造布的硬挺度增大,力学性能提高,阻燃性能提高,而透气性下降;轧光整理使得针刺非织造布的硬挺度增大,透气性下降,力学性能提高,阻燃性有所提高。     

透气拒水非织造复合材料的研究

本文基于表面能原理对材料的拒水性能作了分析 ,并研究了经过整理的非织造复合材料的性能 ,结果证明该整理工艺是可行的 ,能起到改善非织造复合材料透气性的作用。     

激光散射法测定非织造布纤维取向分布和面密度的研究

非织造布的光后向散射性质主要取决于纤维的物理性质、非织造布中纤维的取向分布以及非织造布面密度。通过对平行纤维束光散射特征的研究 ,本文给出了纤维取向分布与非织造布光散射强度分布之间的关系以及非织造布面密度与光后向散射强度之间的经验关系。自行开发研制了可自动显示的计算机程序控制激光散射测定系统 ,实验表明 ,非织造布的光后向散射强度及其分布与分析值之间具有较高的一致性。据此 ,非织造布的纤维取向分布和面密度能够根据实际测定的后向激光散射强度及其分布计算出来。     

Effect of compressibility on heat transport phenomena in aerogel-treated nonwoven fabrics

The heat transport properties observed in nanostructured materials such as aerogel-treated nonwoven fabrics are promoting revolutionary breakthroughs as thermal insulators. This article is focused on the thermal transport characteristics of nonwoven fabrics treated with aerogel for potential uses in thermal protective applications. Highly efficient aerogel thermal blankets are now considered a viable option in applications such as clothing, building, and pipelines. A variety of fiber and fabric structures or finishing parameters influence the functional properties of nonwoven materials. In order to assess the thermal properties of aerogel-treated nonwoven fabrics, the KES Thermolabo II and NT-H1 (plate/fabric/plate method for thermal conductivity, q_max cool/warm feeling, and thermal insulation) was used. Fabrics of higher thicknesses show lower heat conductance and therefore higher thermal insulation properties. It has been found that thermal insulation is also related to the weight and compressional properties of the fabric. To make an insulating material effective, it should have low compression set and high resiliency to make the still air to be entrapped into the fibrous material.     

无土栽培用废棉非织造布基质的设计开发

以无土栽培基质所要求的物理性状为依据,采用棉纺厂落棉,根据Design-Expert软件设计的实验方案,利用非织造布针刺技术,生产了17种非织造布基质。采用响应曲面法,建立针刺工艺参数与基质主要物理性状和草坪综合评价的数学模型,并进行拟合优度检验,实现了基质针刺工艺的最优化。研究表明废弃棉纤维能够作为无土栽培基质的原料,生产的非织造布基质有利于水分的吸收、排放、通气及根系的伸长和结构的稳定。     

影响非织造布纤网均匀度因素的探讨

本文主要从纤维原料的选择、纤维的均匀喂入、梳理机各辊速度及隔距的合理搭配等方面入手，对影响非织造布纤网的均匀度的各种因素进行了探讨，同时指出梳理机各辊速度及隔的合理搭配是保证成网均匀的关键。     

SiO2气凝胶/芳纶非织造布复合织物的防护功能

为研究SiO₂气凝胶对芳纶非织造布抗压、阻燃防护功能的影响,以芳纶非织造布为骨架材料,将SiO₂气凝胶施加到芳纶非织造布表面,制备出SiO₂气凝胶混杂芳纶非织造布防护材料。通过扫描电子显微镜对其结构形貌进行表征,借助万能材料试验机对其抗压性能进行分析,最后利用热常数分析仪和火焰手系统,测试并评估了制备的防护材料的阻燃隔热性能。结果表明:SiO₂气凝胶以不同大小的块状、颗粒状填充进入芳纶非织造布纤维间的空隙;SiO₂气凝胶可增强芳纶非织造布的抗压性能,且降低其导热系数;混杂SiO₂气凝胶后芳纶非织造布总的吸收能量值降低,说明SiO₂气凝胶可明显增强芳纶非织造布的热防护效果。     

动力锂离子电池隔膜的研究进展

针对动力锂离子电池对隔膜的要求,综述了几种常见的制备方法及其隔膜的性能,重点介绍了不同制备方法的新进展。可以通过不同熔点聚合物的多层复合以及寻找更好的耐高温材料来提高拉伸膜的耐高温性能。溶剂共混和添加无机颗粒可以改善以静电纺丝为代表的干法非织造隔膜的力学性能。超细纤维的复配用以控制湿法非织造隔膜的孔径大小及其分布。复合膜作为一种新型的动力锂电隔膜,展现出了良好的均一性、低的热收缩率以及较好的耐高温性能。核心在于寻找合适的复合手段和把不同复合材料协同优势发挥到最大化。     

静电纺聚乳酸纤维毡的微观结构及力学行为

通过静电纺丝可以制备由直径为数微米的聚乳酸纤维构成的多孔状材料。在确定纺丝工艺条件的基础上,分析接收基底对PLA纤维毡微观结构和力学性能的影响。研究结果表明:质量分数为11%的聚乳酸/二氯甲烷溶液可以利用静电纺纺出连续光滑且比较均匀的纤维;当以纳米级的静电纺丝素或锦纶纤维毡为基底时,可以使PLA纤维的分布均匀化,同时纤维的直径下降;经过复合后,PLA复合纤维毡承受负荷的能力得到了很大提高。     

非织造布技术的新时代：超细纤维非织造布及其应用

本文论述了以超细纤维为原料的各种非织造布的生产方法，工艺过程及其产品特点，指出纤维超细化将给非织造布技术带来一个新的时代。     

Identification of nonwoven uniformity using generalized Gaussian density and fuzzy neural network

A joint method to identify nonwoven uniformity by combining wavelet transform, generalized Gaussian density (GGD) and generalized dynamic fuzzy (GDF) neural network is presented in this paper. Six hundred and twenty‐five nonwoven images of five different grades, 125 images of each grade, are decomposed at three different levels with coif4 wavelet base. Wavelet coefficients in each subband are independently modeled by GGD model, while the scale and shape parameters of that are extracted as input features of GDF neural network. For comparison, two energy‐based features are also extracted from wavelet coefficients directly, the number of which is the same as the scale and shape parameters estimated from GGD model with maximum likelihood (ML) estimator. Experimental results on the 625 nonwoven images indicate the GGD model parameters are more expressive and powerful in characterizing textures than the energy‐based ones. The proposed method has high identification accuracy, such as when the images are decomposed at Level 3 and described with GGD model parameters, the identification accuracies of five grades are all 100%. Additionally, to reduce the redundancy of the generated fuzzy rules, an effective complementary approach, fuzzy rule base reduction based on ‘CityBlock’ distance is proposed.     

废旧羊毛非织造布的制备及其吸声性能

为研究废旧羊毛纤维非织造材料的吸声性能,利用非织造材料的生产工艺,以废旧羊毛纤维为主要原料,制备一种新型羊毛非织造材料。通过使用传递函数法和驻波管法,对羊毛非织造材料的吸声性能进行了测试,分析了声波频率为250-6300 Hz范围内,材料的厚度、密度和空腔深度对其吸声性能的影响。结果表明,羊毛非织造材料吸声性能优异,对高频的吸声性能优于低频;在中低声波频率,随材料厚度、密度和空腔深度的增加,其吸声性能越好。材料厚度和空腔深度是影响羊毛非织造材料吸声性能的主要因素;通过增加空腔深度提升材料的吸声性能,是较为经济合理的办法。     

Kenaf fibre-reinforced polyester composites: flexural characterization and statistical analysis

This paper deals with the effect of the chemical treatment, fibre ratio and fibre reinforcement structure on the flexural properties of kenaf-polyester composites. Composites were made from an unsaturated polyester matrix reinforced with an alkali-treated and virgin kenaf fibres in a loose fibres and nonwovens. Results reveal that alkali treatment improves the flexural properties of composites expect elongation. The same result was obtained when using a nonwoven structure us reinforcement. The best flexural properties were observed for 11.1% fibre weight ratio with the nonwoven structure reinforce composite. The flexural strength and the flexural modulus were 69.5 MPa and 7.11 GPa, respectively, for this composite while it was 42.24 MPa and 3.61, respectively, for polyester samples (no fibre reinforcement). A statistical study was carried out in order to study the effect of the alkali treatment, reinforcement structure and the reinforcement weight ration on the composite properties. This study proved that the parameter with most impact on the measured properties is the fibre-to-matrix weight ratio. And also this study aims to determine the optimum parameters allowing maximising all measured properties and we found that when using a nonwoven structure made with chemically-treated fibre at 11.10% fibre weight ratio, is the optimum solution.     

耐久型拒水PP/PE热粘合非织造布的研制

介绍了耐久型拒水PP/PE热粘合非织造布的生产加工工艺,并对其拒水性能和拒水耐久性进行了测试。结果表明,该热粘合非织造布不但具有良好的物理机械性能,并且手感柔软、富有弹性、透气而不透水,是一种优良的耐久型拒水医疗卫生用品材料。     

蒸汽加固非织造技术及应用

介绍了蒸汽加固非织造技术的作用机理、机构原理、工艺流程、产品性能和相关技术优势。蒸汽加固技术是一种依靠机械缠结力和热熔粘结作用双重加固的新型非织造技术。     

Preparation and characterization of a temperature-sensitive nonwoven poly (propylene) with antibacterial properties

In this study, a temperature-sensitive fabric with antibacterial properties was prepared by the formation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on nonwoven poly (propylene) (PP) grafted with poly (N-iso-propylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm-PP). First, PNIPAAm was grafted onto corona-treated nonwoven PP. Afterwards, silver nanoparticles were synthesized on the temperature-sensitive hydrogel layer grafted to the surface of nonwoven PP by the reduction of silver ions (Ag⁺). Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy confirmed the presence of PNIPAAm on the nonwoven PP. scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy was used to investigate surface morphology and the presence of silver particles in the samples. Inductively coupled-plasma atomic emission spectroscopy revealed that the Ag content in Ag-functionalized PNIPAAm-PP was significantly higher than Ag-functionalized corona-treated PP with the same concentration of silver solution. Moreover, the results of the swelling rate experiment confirmed that PNIPAAm-PP maintained temperature-sensitive properties after functionalizing with Ag. The results showed that the formation of AgNPs with enhancement in antibacterial property was possible onto PNIPAAm-PP.