高粱红天然染料对羊毛织物的媒染染色研究

文章采用高粱红天然染料对羊毛织物进行了媒染染色实验研究.通过正交试验方法,确定了铁预媒法及铁后媒法媒染染色的工艺条件.实验结果表明:铁预媒法染色时,染液浓度对色深影响最大,浓度升高,色深增加;pH值的影响次之,pH值升高,色深减小.铁后媒法媒染染色时,Fe2 浓度对色深的影响最大,Fe2 浓度升高,色深增加;温度的影响次之,温度升高,色深增加.经高粱红铁媒染后的羊毛织物干、湿摩擦色牢度和皂洗色牢度均较好,达到4级,说明该染料适用于羊毛织物的染色.     

羊毛织物的京尼平苷酸染色性能

研究了天然环烯醚萜类染料京尼平苷酸在羊毛织物上的染色性能.利用UV-vis分析了整个反应过程,探讨了染色机理,确定了染色的最佳工艺条件,并测试了染色后羊毛织物的色牢度和抗菌性能.其染色机理为京尼平苷酸经酶水解得到的京尼平苷酸苷元与蛋白质纤维中的氨基发生呈色反应,京尼平苷酸苷元对羊毛织物直接染色的效果很好,在pH为7.5...     

商陆茎色素对羊毛织物的染色性能

从商陆茎中提取天然色素,用于羊毛织物的染色。研究不同色素用量、pH值、温度对羊毛织物染色性能的影响,探讨了商陆色素在羊毛纤维上的吸附机理以及染色织物的牢度。研究表明,羊毛织物的K/S值随着商陆色素量的增加而提高,当色素用量大于6%后,织物的K/S值基本不变。羊毛织物的K/S值随pH的升高而降低,当pH＜3.5时,羊毛的K/S值较大,染色深度较深;当pH＞4.5后,色素的上染率很低。染色温度低于60℃时,染色织物呈玫瑰红色,染色温度高于60℃后,染色织物偏黄色。低温染色时,织物的水洗牢度较低;高温染色时,牢度有所提高。     

天然染料染色羊毛的色域拓展及颜色预测模型

天然染料色谱不全的缺陷限制了其在羊毛上的应用。为丰富天然染料染色羊毛纤维的颜色色谱,选用天然红、黄、蓝三原色染料染色羊毛织物与纤维,然后对羊毛织物的一浴法拼混染色和有色纤维的拼色进行研究,并基于Kubelka-Munk单常数理论和Stearns-Noechel模型分别对一浴法拼混染色织物和拼混有色纤维进行颜色预测。结果表明：使用一浴法拼混染色,染色后的羊毛织物在CIELAB色域空间中分布不均匀,倾向于红(+a^*),色相角(h)分布范围主要集中在0°～24°、324°～360°之间;经有色纤维拼混获得的颜色空间分布更加均匀,更倾向于黄(+b^*),色相角(h)分布范围集中在0°～50°、316°～360°区域;Kubelka-Munk模型和Stearns-Noechel模型可分别用于天然染料一浴法染色羊毛织物和羊毛有色纤维拼色的颜色预测,为进一步提高生产效率、降低配色成本提出新思路。     

叶绿素铜钠盐吸附羊毛织物的动力学研究

基于能上染绿色的天然染料很少,文章研究了叶绿素铜钠盐吸附羊毛织物的动力学过程。研究表明,在70～100℃染色温度范围内,叶绿素铜钠盐在染色初期上染羊毛速率很高,随着染色时间增加到20 min后,上染速率降低,60 min后上染百分率、织物上的染料量基本不变,上染达到平衡;叶绿素铜钠盐染后羊毛织物的颜色特征值表观深度与时间的关系与上染百分率趋势基本一致,当染色时间达到120 min后,织物K/S值不再随时间增加而提高;随着染色温度的提高,叶绿素铜钠盐上染羊毛的平衡上染百分率提高,扩散系数提高;准二级动力学模型能很好地描述叶绿素铜钠盐染羊毛织物的染色动力学,该吸附过程以化学吸附为主。     

竹/毛混纺织物的染色性能探讨

针对竹纤维及毛纤维的物理化学性能,采用安诺素活性染料对竹/毛混纺织物进行一浴一步法染色,通过系统研究染色过程中电解质、碱剂、固色温度、染浴、pH值等因素对同色性的影响,筛选优化工艺;并在优化工艺条件下,探讨了安诺素活性染料对竹纤维及毛纤维的上染速率以及竹/毛混纺织物的染色提升性及染色牢度.实验结果表明,安诺素活性染料用于竹/毛混纺织物染色具有良好的同色性和染色性能.     

Wool and silk dyeing with the stem and leaves extract of anise北大核心

Extracted from the stems and leaves of anise can be used as natural dyes in fabric dyeing and can obtained good results. In this paper, pre-mordant staining, first with 2% (owf), of the metal mordant alum, copper sulfate, ferrous sulfate, potassium dichromate, stannous chloride and tin chloride on wool and silk fabrics were processed, then used 5% (owf) of the extract of stems and leaf stained and evaluate dyed fabrics with K/S value, dyeing rate and color fastness. Experimental results showed that the K/S values of wool fabric was higher than the silk, and the natural dye was more suitable for wool fabric dyeing.     

安诺素ECO型活性染料对纯棉绒类织物的染色工艺

针对纯棉绒类织物在活性染料连续轧染工艺中存在条坑异色、绒面色花、绒底色泽差异大的问题,采用安诺素ECO型活性染料湿蒸工艺对全棉抓剪毛织物进行染色.以染料配伍性、染色织物K／S值、彩度值、正反色差等指标为评价依据,通过单因素试验法对染色工艺进行优化,得到最佳染色工艺条件:染料5 g／L;专用助剂10 mL／L;无水硫酸钠...     

Light Fastness and Shade Variability of Tannin Colorant Dyed Wool with the Effect of Mordanting Methods

Mordanting methods effect on color characteristics and fastness properties, particularly light fastness were evaluated in this study. Effect of metal mordants and their combinations on wool dyeing with Terminalia chebula natural dye were investigated and correlation between dye structures, effect of metal mordant and mordanting methods were established. Results reveal that T. chebula can be used as yellow dye with or without metal mordants to get a variable range of shades on wool with good color strength and fastness properties, and appreciable shade variations with mordanting methods observed. Color performances of dyed substrate indicated substantial improvement in depth of shades and color fastness in case of mordanted samples. Pre-mordanting with tin and post-mordanting with alum proved to be most effective for increasing K/S values of the dyed substrate under the optimum dyeing conditions.     

涤/棉交织物一浴法轧染工艺

针对涤/棉交织物染色工艺流程长,耗水耗能大,碳排放量和废水排放量高等问题,研究了涤/棉交织物分散/活性染料一浴两步法轧染工艺。通过分析分散/活性混合染液在不同pH值条件下的稳定性,探讨了焙烘温度、焙烘时间、染浴pH值、固色碱种类与质量浓度、汽蒸时间等对分散蓝79以及K型、KN型、M型活性染料染色效果的影响,并对一浴两步法轧染工艺和两浴两步法工艺产生的能耗进行计算和比较。结果表明:一浴两步法染色织物可以获得与传统染色工艺相同的颜色深度,耐摩擦色牢度以及耐皂洗色牢度可以达到4~5级;以分散蓝79和活性蓝19为例,相比于传统两浴两步法轧染,每染色1万m涤/棉交织物,一浴两步法轧染工艺可减少45.5%的水耗、20.9%的电能消耗、41.7%的热能消耗、40.6%的CO₂排放。     

Eco-Friendly Dyeing of Silk and Cotton Textiles Using Combination of Three Natural Colorants

Silk and cotton fabrics were dyed with combination of three colorants extracted from Acacia catechu (AC), Alkanna tinctoria (AT), and Curcuma Longa (CL) in nine different formulations at 80°C by exhaustion method without mordanting. Dyed samples were evaluated for color value and washing fastness. The biodegradability of dye bath effluent was assessed by measuring the pH, TDS and COD of the residual dye bath liquor. It is inferred that the final color of dyed fabrics from each formulation is governed by the dominant natural dye in the dyeing combination. K/S values inferred that the exhaustion of natural dye is higher in silk fabric than cotton fabric in all formulations. It could be concluded that in the dyeing combination, colorant that have very good affinity towards the functional groups of fibers, itself acts as mordant for other natural colorants.     

基于最小二乘支持向量机的棉针织物活性染料湿蒸染色预测模型

针对棉针织物在用活性染料连续湿蒸染色过程中出现的染色条件对织物色光难以控制和预测,易导致染色织物不符合预期产品要求的问题,选用雷马素金黄RGB对棉针织物进行湿蒸染色,研究了元明粉和纯碱浓度、汽蒸时间对织物表观染色深度(K/S值)的影响,同时基于最小二乘支持向量机(LS-SVM),将这些影响因素作为预测模型的输入变量,织物K/S值作为输出变量,建立了多因素模型并进行预测。结果表明,织物K/S实验值和模型预测值的相关系数高达0.999 6,平均相对误差小于1%,说明该模型具有较高的精度,该建模方法可用于预测织物K/S值,为棉针织物活性染料湿蒸染色工艺的优化提供参考。     

Determination of the Dyeing Potential of Mint and Sage Crops Wastes on Wool and Cotton Fibers

In the present study, dyeing potential of waste water from distillation process was investigated for fresh and dried herbs of Menthaspicata (MS), Menthapiperita (MP), and Salvia officinalis (SO) species. Meta-mordanting method was used in the dyeing of wool and cotton fabrics in the presence of FeSO₄·7H₂O (iron) and AlK(SO₄)₂·12H₂O (alum) mordants. The color of each dyed material was investigated in terms of the CIELab (L*, a*, b*, C, and h°) and K/S values. The surfaces of the samples were observed using a scanning electron microscope. It was observed that the color strength of fresh and dried plant is depended on the plant species, mordant, and fabric type. Best color intensity (K/S = 16.68) was obtained with iron mordant using fresh SO on cotton fabric. For wool fabric, the highest color strength (K/S = 9.62) was obtained with fresh SO in the presence of alum mordant. Presence of metal mordant for natural dyeing process of cotton with MS, MP, and SO extract has shown remarkable improvement in terms of dye adherence and fastness properties thus metal mordanting could be suitable alternative dyeing method for ecofriendly industrial application.     

微胶囊C.I.分散蓝56对PLA织物的无助剂染色

将C.I.分散蓝56的微胶囊染料与商品染料分别对PLA织物实施无助剂染色及常规助剂染色,比较相应的上染曲线、提升力曲线、匀染性、摩擦牢度及皂洗牢度.结果表明:微胶囊分散染料可在不经还原清洗、更少工艺步骤且无需助剂的条件下对PLA织物染得和商品分散染料常规助剂染色相当的色深,各项色牢度亦相当.故微胶囊分散染料可对生态聚酯类PLA织物实施无助剂清洁染色.     

涤纶织物还原黄G的染色性能

采用热溶法和高温高压法,将还原黄G超细粉应用于涤纶织物染色。探讨了染色方法和染色参数对染色后涤纶织物K/S值的影响,并比较了与之相近K/S值的还原黄G染色棉织物和涤纶织物的摩擦牢度和皂洗牢度。结果表明,还原黄G可用于涤纶染色,采用热溶法染色比采用高温高压染色所得K/S值高,匀染性好;还原黄G在涤纶织物上的摩擦牢度略低于棉,两者的皂洗牢度相当。     

固色和铁媒染对苏木染色丝织物颜色稳定性的影响

通过测试染色织物的颜色指标值（L﹡、a﹡、b﹡、c﹡值及K/S值）和色牢度,探讨了苏木天然染料媒染染色柞蚕丝织物及经固色处理的丝织物的颜色稳定性。研究结果表明,媒染和固色均会影响染色织物的颜色和颜色稳定性;固色可增加染色织物在不同pH值水溶液的颜色稳定性;铁媒染染色可以明显提高织物的耐洗色牢度,但不能增强织物的色光稳定性;铁媒染和固色对苏木染色丝织物颜色的光稳定性和氧漂稳定性均有改善;在高温条件下,铁媒染和固色不能增加苏木染色蚕丝织物的颜色稳定性,但固色可使染色织物更加艳丽。     

改性活性染料对涤纶织物的紫外光引发接枝染色

为实现涤纶织物的室温短时紫外光接枝生态染色,采用2-甲基-3-丁烯-2-醇单体改性活性染料,在碱处理涤纶的基础上采用紫外光照射接枝改性染料单体。通过核磁共振氢谱（HNMR）、傅里叶变换红外光谱（ATR）、扫描电子显微镜 (SEM) 等测试手段对改性染料和染色前后的涤纶织物的化学结构进行表征。通过测试织物的染色深度、摩擦牢度、透气性能、拉伸性能、刚柔性能等分析涤纶织物染色前后服用性能的变化。结果表明,相比于未处理染色涤纶织物,碱处理涤纶染色织物具有较好的染色深度,色差值ΔE将近14,干摩擦牢度达4级,湿摩擦牢度达3-4级,且拉伸性能、刚性和透气性稍下降。     

采用叶绿素铜钠盐染绿色毛织物的方法

基于能染得绿色的天然染料很少,研究了叶绿素铜钠盐的性质、染得绿色毛织物的方法,并测试了染色毛织物的色牢度性能。结果表明：叶绿素铜钠盐适合采用直接染色方法及铝媒前、后媒染方法染得绿色毛织物,染浴pH值为7;直接染色方法染料用量应不超过1%（o. w. f）,铝前媒染染色方法铝离子媒染剂用量应不超过5%（o. w. f）,染料用量应不超过2% （o. w. f）;所染毛织物具有较好的耐洗、耐汗渍、耐热压及耐摩擦牢度,但耐光牢度差。     

Application of myrrh extract as an eco-friendly dye and antimicrobial agent on wool and silk fabrics part 2: antimicrobial activity and fastness property

ABSTRACT

We investigate the dyeing and antimicrobial properties of myrrh (Commiphora molmol) extracts on wool and silk fabrics, the use of eco-friendly materials such as sumac (Rhus coriaria), manjakani (Quercus infectoria), alum, and ferrous sulfate as mordants. The mordanting methods were optimized.

The best conditions of dyeing process were discussed in the first part of this study. Dyed fabrics were assessed for color strength (K/S), color fastness, and antimicrobial activity. Non-mordanted dyed wool and silk showed color fastness of grade 4–5. Dyed fabrics showed good antimicrobial activity, which was enhanced by mordanting.     

棉织物柿漆染色工艺及性能

柿漆作为天然染料,其染色织物具有防水防腐的优点。以赋予棉织物抗菌性和紫外防护性能为目的,采用柿漆对棉织物进行直接染色处理。利用扫描电子显微镜观察棉织物的表观形态,PhabrOmeter织物手感评价测试仪测定织物风格,得到染色棉织物存在硬化问题;探究染色次数和染液浓度对棉织物K/S值、增重率和缩率的影响。通过正交试验设计优化染色工艺,测定染色棉织物的抗菌性能、接触角、紫外线防护性能、色牢度以及风格评价,分析柿漆染色对棉织物性能的影响。结果表明:适宜的染色时间为15 min,柿漆稀释浓度为1∶4,染色次数为8次,染色棉织物色牢度良好,且具有较佳的疏水性能、抗菌性能和抗紫外性能,硬挺度增加。