降低络筒纱毛羽的机理及实践

在络筒机上安装特制的减羽喷嘴,其设计和安装不应改变纱线的设计捻度和成纱强力。分析了减羽喷嘴的减羽机理,说明减羽喷嘴是利用旋转气流对纱线毛羽进行假捻→解捻→包缠,使其包缠到纱线主体上或捻入纱线中而实现减羽。介绍了减羽喷嘴的安装原则和安装位置。对经加装减羽喷嘴络筒机处理后纱线的毛羽指数、毛羽外观、捻度和强力进行了实验分析。结果表明,经减羽后,络筒纱线的毛羽指数下降,毛羽外观得到改善,捻度和强力没有改变,验证了减羽喷嘴的减羽效果。     

柔洁纺粘胶强捻纱及其织物性能

为更好地探究柔洁纺技术对粘胶强捻纱质量和其机织物服用性能的影响,对相同工艺参数下粘胶强捻柔洁纺纱线与环锭纺纱线的均匀度、毛羽、单纱强力、捻缩率和表观结构进行测试对比,同时分析了相同规格柔洁纺和环锭纺粘胶强捻纱织物的强伸性、顶破性能、撕破性能、透气透湿性、吸湿性、柔软性和抗起毛起球性能。结果表明:柔洁纺粘胶强捻纱的毛羽少,条干均匀,强力高,捻缩率低;相比环锭纺粘胶强捻纱织物,柔洁纺粘胶强捻纱机织物的强伸性、顶破性能、撕破性能、透气透湿性、柔软性和抗起毛起球性显著提高,但吸湿性有所降低;柔洁纺粘胶强捻纱具有柔顺、整洁、牢固等特点,其机织物的综合服用性能优于环锭纺。     

Comparison of fabric properties knitted by pin spacer compact and conventional compact yarns

This study examined the influence of pin spacer apparatus attachment on compact yarn quality parameters and physical properties of knitted fabrics manufactured using those 100% cotton compact yarns. Two groups of compact yarns were spun on regular compact yarn spinning frame with and without addition of pin spacer apparatus which is placed at the end of the drawing unit of regular compact yarn spinning frame. Totally eight yarns were spun at four different yarn number levels (Ne 24/1, Ne 30/1, Ne 36/1 and Ne 40/1) and two different spinning conditions (with and without pin spacer apparatus). Spun yarn types were then knitted on the industrial sized plain knitting machine. Knitted fabrics were used in the greige and dyed form to evaluate their bursting strength (kPa), dimensional change, abrasion related mass loss (%), pilling resistance, air permeability (mm/s) and colour difference. Test results were then statistically evaluated and influence of pin spacer attachment on yarn quality parameters and fabric properties was determined. In the frame of this experimental work, attachment of pin spacer apparatus improved compact yarn characteristics especially at yarn evenness, imperfection and hairiness values. In case of knitted fabric properties, it was found that pin spacer apparatus attached compact yarn utilization significantly improved air permeability properties of knitted fabrics.     

The effect of air-jet nozzle structural parameters on new cotton rotor-jet spun yarn properties

In this paper, a hybrid spinning system the so-called “rotor-jet spinning method” which utilizes the air-jet nozzle in rotor spinning process is presented. Thus, air-jet nozzles with different structures of 90S, 90Z, 60Z, and 30Z (the values of 90, 60, and 30 are orifice angles and S and Z are air rotational directions) were designed and constructed and then mounted between the take-up nozzle position and doffing tube in a rotor spinning machine. The air-jet pressure was changed at 0.2, 0.5, 0.8, 1, 1.2 and 1.5 bar values. The physical properties of cotton rotor-jet spun yarns with yarn count 20 Tex and nominal yarn twist of 938 TPM were investigated and compared with that of normal rotor-spun yarn. The experimental results indicated that by utilizing a 90Z air-jet nozzle at 1 bar air pressure, the highest yarn tensile strength, abrasion resistance, and twist, and lowest elongation are obtained compared with those of normal rotor as well as rotor-jet spun yarns with 30Z, 60Z, and 90S air-jet nozzle types. However, the rotor-jet spun yarn irregularity produced with 90Z air-jet nozzle is almost identical to normal rotor-spun yarn. It is also shown that the rotor-jet spun yarn hairiness properties which were produced with a 90Z air-jet nozzle at air pressure values of 0.2, 0.5 and 1 bar is almost similar to normal rotor-spun yarn while the lowest yarn hairiness is achieved at air pressure value of 0.8 bar. The experimental results of this paper suggest that the newly developed rotor-jet spun yarn is superior to normal rotor-spun yarn from the point of view of yarn tensile, abrasion resistance, twist, and partially hairiness properties.

     

基于毛羽图像检测的浆纱抗起毛性能评价

为准确检测织造载荷作用前后浆纱的毛羽及有效表征浆纱的抗起毛性能,提出一种基于毛羽量图像检测的浆纱抗起毛性能评价方法.对纯棉14.5 tex的原纱和3种不同上浆率的浆纱,在JN-01浆纱耐磨性能测试仪上模拟织造载荷,并进行不同载荷次数的摩擦起毛实验.起毛后的纱线经图像采集、纱线主干分割、毛羽分割和主摩擦区间定位等处理后,...     

Influence and comparison of emerging techniques of yarn manufacturing on physical–mechanical properties of polyester-/cotton-blended yarns and their woven fabrics

Abstract

In this study, the physical–mechanical properties of ring spun, ring compact, rotor and air-vortex yarns were investigated. The study was carried with yarn having linear densities of 24.4 tex and 36.7 tex, which were then converted to woven fabrics. The ring spun yarns have higher values of strength but also with higher strength irregularities. Extra-ordinarily low hairiness was observed in air-vortex yarns due to its unique yarn formation technique. The deviation rate (DR) of yarns have correlation with the mass spectrogram of respective yarns obtained from USTER Tester 5. Rotor and air-vortex yarns exhibited higher coefficient of friction. The woven fabrics made from ring spun yarns exhibited higher tensile and tear strength with higher elongation at break. The fabrics made from air-vortex yarns have very good pilling grade due to less protruding fibres on their surface and good structural integrity.     

环锭旋流喷嘴纺麻混纺纱的性能

为改善麻纤维因自身性能缺陷与传统纺织工艺局限性所导致的成纱毛羽问题,将旋流喷嘴纺纱技术应用于精细化亚麻/长绒棉/天丝和大麻/棉/粘胶2种混纺纱的纺制,选择适当的细纱工艺参数并测试成纱后的主要性能指标。结果表明:当旋流喷嘴中通入的气流压强为0.1 MPa时,亚麻混纺纱的有害毛羽数量相对于传统环锭细纱降低了89.9%,压强为0.05 MPa时,大麻混纺纱的有害毛羽数量降低了99%;显微镜下2种混纺纱线的纱体结构紧密,纤维排列整齐,纱线表面光洁,大麻混纺纱中的黑色粘胶长丝均匀包裹在纱体表面,使得纱线色泽更为均匀;纱线断裂强力与条干不匀率稍有降低,但变化不明显。     

不同结构竹浆纤维纱线性能测试及分类

为研究结构差异性竹浆纤维纱线的性能和适用性,以纱线的拉伸断裂性能、毛羽、捻度、耐磨性、条干均匀度等性能指标为基础,采用主成分分析法,得出3个主成分及综合主成分排名。通过对纱线性能进行统计分析,得到各种结构竹浆纤维纱线的适用性。结果表明,竹浆环锭纱适宜生产强力要求较高,但是外观效果要求较低的产品;紧密纱具有较好的综合性能;赛络纱外观特征优良;新型竹浆纱线可用于设计具有一些独特风格特性的织物。     

黄麻混织针织物的设计与开发

本研究针对黄麻纱线粗硬、毛羽较多,弹性低等特点,对纱线毛羽、细度及强度进行测试并选择适合的棉及涤纶纱线进行混合。将黄麻与棉及涤纶纱线经过合股上蜡处理后,在针织横机上设计并编织罗纹、移圈、圆筒等不同组织和结构的黄麻混织织物及产品。通过对黄麻混织织物的耐磨性、透气性、抗起毛起球等性能进行测试与分析,结果表明麻涤1罗纹织物耐磨性、耐起毛起球性最好,而麻棉4为单面圆筒织物线圈密度最小,透气性能最优;麻棉2由于具有移圈及凹凸效果,透气性能次之,耐磨性稍差。所织织物适合制作具有田园风格的家居类装饰物,从而开发黄麻纤维更广泛的应用领域。     

碳纤维二维编织管状织物的编织工艺

针对碳纤维在二维编织过程中不耐扭折、易受损断纱的问题,通过拉伸性能实验和导纱瓷眼折角磨损实验分析了碳纤维复丝的可编织性能,探讨了纱管在缠绕过程中应注意的问题。在24 锭二维编织机上编织了8 种不同工艺参数的碳纤维管状编织物,研究了编织工艺对织物外观起毛情况及力学性能的影响。结果表明：碳纤维复丝的断裂强度为86.39 cN/tex,断裂伸长率为1.12%,断裂强度远高于其他纤维,但延伸性差;影响碳纤维复丝在导纱瓷眼处折角磨损程度的因素依次为牵引力、折角、编织速度;在编织纱线根数不变的情况下,随编织节距的减小,管状编织物的面密度逐渐增加,起毛现象严重,编织物的拉伸断裂强力降低。     

毛针织物抗起球性能的研究

采用箱式起球仪对不同的毛针织物进行抗起球性实验,对影响毛针织物抗起球性能的因素:纱线捻度、纱线线密度、纱线股数、缩绒整理等多方面进行对比分析。结果表明:3股纱织物抗起球性好于2股纱织物,随着编织密度系数增加抗起球性提高,轻度缩绒有利于改善毛针织物抗起球性能。     

低扭矩环锭纺纱原理及其单纱的结构和性能

本文主要回顾了低扭矩环锭纺纱技术的发展。通过讨论其纺纱三角区的特点,利用高速摄影技术对纺纱区捻度和张力分布的观察分析,系统地介绍了低扭矩纱的成纱原理。此外,结合示踪纤维技术,利用纱线结构连续测量分析系统对低扭矩环锭单纱和传统环锭单纱的内部结构进行分析,揭示了低扭矩纱独特的结构特点,如非同轴异形螺旋线结构,纤维片段局部反转现象等。这些特点解释了低扭矩纱及其织物具有优良物理性能的原因。同时,通过多个生产厂家提供的测试数据,对比分析了几代低扭矩环锭纱与传统环锭纱及其织物的物理性能,结果表明低扭矩环锭纱具有低捻高强、低残余扭矩和毛羽少等特点,其针织物经多次水洗后歪斜变形小和手感好,机织物具有较好的撕裂强力,断裂强力和耐磨擦性。最新一代低扭矩环锭纺纱技术显著地改善了高支纯棉纱的物理性能。     

股线与单纱捻系数比对粘胶股线性能的影响

为综合反映单纱结构参数对股线性能的影响,采用传统环锭纺纱方式,以粘胶纤维为原料,研究了不同线密度、不同捻度的单纱反向加捻为双股线时,捻系数比对股线强伸性、毛羽、耐磨性能的影响。结果表明:反向加捻的双股纱线存在2个临界捻系数比,分别位于捻系数比为0.7和1.5左右,在这2个捻系数比处股线可获得较高的强力;当捻系数比大于1时,可显著减少股线表面的有害毛羽数;当捻系数比在0～2之间时,捻系数比越大,股线耐磨性越好;综合对比得到捻系数比为1.5时可保证股线综合质量最好。     

亚麻长麻/涤纶长丝复合纱的纺制及其性能比较

为比较不同复合加工方法所纺亚麻长麻/涤纶长丝复合纱的性能,通过现有纺纱设备改造设计了纺纱工艺,纺制了具有相同捻度的5种复合纱;对复合纱的外观特征、拉伸性能和毛羽进行了测试与分析。结果表明:采用不同成纱方法的复合纱均具有明显的捻度分布不匀特征;包缠结构复合纱相对于捻合结构复合纱具有更好的包覆效果;相对于断裂强力而言,复合加工对亚麻纱最小强力的提高效果更好,并可显著降低强力不匀率;除同捻向包缠纱外,各复合纱均可实现免浆织造;赛络菲尔纺和并捻复合对提高成纱断裂伸长率效果显著,而包缠复合降低亚麻纱毛羽的效果最好。     

Effects of fiber types and blend ratios on Murata Vortex yarn properties

Murata Vortex spinning (MVS) system is one of the unconventional systems for yarn manufacturing. It is suitable for spinning of 100% cotton fibers, synthetic fibers, and cotton/synthetic fiber blends which are 1 inch or more in length. The production ranges are between Ne 15-60. Vortex yarn and fabrics have low hairiness, clear appearance, high resistance to pilling and abrasion. In this study, the vortex yarns with Ne 30 are produced in different blend ratios in Murata Vortex Spinner using carded cotton, viscose, modal, silver-added polyester (Flexsil-D2?), polyester, and nylon 6.6 fibers. Vortex spun yarns are tested to determine the yarn properties which are diameter, density, roundness (shape), unevenness, imperfection, Uster hairiness (H), Zweigle hairiness, tenacity, and elongation. The study reveals that the fiber type has quite significant effects on yarn properties. In terms of structural properties, cotton is the most negative fiber while regenerated cellulosic fibers are the most positive. As modal, nylon and polyester fiber increase yarn strength, nylon and viscose fiber increase breaking elongation. Viscose and modal reduce unevenness, imperfection and hairiness while polyester and nylon exhibit more negative effect on these properties.     

Some studies on hairiness reduction of polyester ring spun yarns by using air-nozzles during winding

This paper reports on the hairiness reduction of polyester yarns at winding using air-nozzles. Three yarns of the same count were spun each from fibres of 1.0, 1.2 and 1.4 deniers respectively. Using a CFD (computational fluid dynamics) model, airflow inside the nozzles is simulated to explain the role of nozzle parameters viz., axial angle of air inlets and yarn channel diameter on yarn hairiness reduction during winding. Air drag forces acting on hairs are calculated. Transverse drag forces acting on hairs play a major role in bending the hairs. Vortex nature of air and air velocity profile inside the nozzle are the important phenomena in reducing yarn hairiness. Box and Behnken factorial design of experiments is used to optimize nozzles parameters, fibre denier, and air pressure to maximize the hairiness reduction. Axial angle of 45° for air inlets, 2.2 mm yarn channel diameter, 1.4 denier fibre, and 0.9 bar (gauge) air pressure are the combinations to get maximum reduction in S3 hairiness values of nozzle wound yarns. Fibre denier is a major influencing factor in reducing yarn hairiness.     

无捻/低捻毛织物的研制

通过采用水溶性维纶或同时采用细旦化纤长丝捆扎加工的方法,实现了织物中纱线的低捻化甚至无捻化,设计并研制出无捻/低捻毛织物。实验结果表明:使用低捻或无捻纱线可实现织物的柔软手感和良好的褶皱弹性回复。依赖细旦长丝的捆扎作用,以及织物中纱线之间的挤紧握持,可以防止织物产生毛羽、防止起毛起球,并赋予足够的使用牢度。纱线的无捻或低捻化可降低用毛等级;捆扎结构纱线还可以通过调节主体纱线与捆扎长丝的张力搭配,使织物表面形成特殊的外观。     

Research on flow field in a modified ring spinning system with the air nozzle

Twisting is one of the most important steps in the yarn spinning, which influences the geometry of spinning triangle and determines the properties of spun yarns. Airflow is one of the most important measures on improving yarn spinning. In this paper, a kind of air nozzle with vortex guiding channel was designed and used on the modification of ring spinning system, and the spun yarn qualities was studied by analyzing the airflow field in the nozzle. Firstly, the three-dimensional physical model of nozzle was given using CAD software according to the geometrical size of the practical nozzle model. Then, the numerical simulations of the three-dimensional flow field in the nozzle were given using Fluent software. Finally, two different kinds of yarns 10Ne and 20Ne were spun in the modified ring spinning system with the nozzle installed. The airflow pressure 0.01 Mpa and two different swirling directions, anticlockwise and clockwise, were chosen. The qualities of spun yarns, hairiness, strength, evenness, and number of snarling were measured and analyzed. It is shown that the high vortex airflow can be produced in the nozzle, and then corresponding twist can be produced. For the Z(S) twisting spun yarn, under the effects of the clockwise (anticlockwise) vortex airflow, the pre-twisting would be produced and the yarn twist can be strengthened, while under the effects of the anticlockwise (clockwise) vortex airflow, the untwisting effect would be produced, and the yarn twist can be decreased.     

针织纱外观质量指标灰色关联度分析与评价

以15种不同厂家生产的14.6 tex纯棉针织纱线为研究对象,利用主成分分析法,对8个具有代表性的纱线外观质量评价指标进行相关性分析,包括捻度、摩擦因数、毛羽指数、纤维脱落量、长片段不匀率、条干不匀率、粗细节、棉结,确定3个综合因子,即柔软因子、毛羽因子和外观平整度因子,将8个测试指标简化为3个指标。利用灰色关联度分析法,构建主成分因子数列,通过关联度计算对针织纱线外观质量进行定量表征,确定各纱线外观质量的优劣水平。     

乌拉草/棉/维纶复合纱线的开发与性能

针对乌拉草/棉/维纶赛络纺包芯纱存在毛羽较多和条干较差等问题,加装导纱器引入外包缠纱,设计一种改善其条干和减少毛羽的新型纺纱方法:改进型赛络菲尔纺。对影响纱线性能较大的纱线捻系数与导纱间距进行了实验,并以断裂强度、断裂伸长率、毛羽指数和条干均匀度为性能评价指标,对改进型赛络菲尔纺制备的乌拉草/棉/维纶复合纱的工艺进行模糊综合评价。结果表明:捻系数对纱线性能影响顺序依次为400、380、360、340;改进型赛络菲尔纺在单纱间距为10 mm,捻系数为400时,复合纱的综合性能最好,与传统赛络菲尔纺工艺制备的包芯纱对比,毛羽指数下降了73.49%,条干不匀率减小了29.05%。