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涤纶传统水浴染色存在高耗水、高排放和高污染的技术难题,以高沸点、非极性的十甲基环五硅氧烷(D5)为染色介质可以实现分散染料在低压条件下对涤纶织物染色。为了研究该体系中发色母体对分散染料染色性能的影响,文章分别以邻氰基对硝基苯胺、3-氨基-5-硝基苯并异噻唑为重氮组分,N-氰乙基-N-乙酰氧乙基苯胺为偶合组分,合成了分散染料D-1(偶氮结构)和D-2(杂环结构)。选用D-1、D-2和C.I.分散红177在低压无水染色体系中对涤纶织物染色,探究了发色母体及促染剂与染料在染色介质中的溶解度、染色性能的关系。结果表明,在无促染剂时,以邻氰基对硝基苯胺为重氮组分的D-1的溶解度最低为0.081 g/L,上染率最高为95%;随着促染剂质量分数的增加,D-1的溶解度及上染率变化较小,而D-2和C.I.分散红177的溶解度明显降低,上染率提高15%;发色母体对染色织物的各项色牢度无显著影响,且均可达到4级或以上。 相似文献
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分散红60在超临界CO_2染色中的动力学及热力学 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在自行研制的生产型超临界流体染色样机中,对分散红60染料在超临界CO2染色过程动力学进行研究。结果表明,染料在涤纶中的扩散系数随温度升高而增大,根据Arrhenius方程求得分散红60在超临界流体中染色涤纶的扩散活化能为22.22 kJ/mol,远小于在水介质中染色的扩散活化能163.84 kJ/mol。通过对分散红60染料在超临界CO2染色过程中的某些热力学参数研究表明,染料在超临界流体的上染量与染料用量成线性关系,上染过程是染料在纤维和流体之间的分配关系,分配系数和染色亲和力随温度升高而减小,染色热和染色熵均为负值,二者分别为-23.63 kJ/mol和-26.09 J/(mol·K)。 相似文献
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针对涤纶纺织品染色用黑色分散染料拼混各组分配伍性能差,染料提升力低等问题,对筛选的1组中温型拼色分散染料组分的配伍性能及其染色性能进行实验,并对染色样品进行剥色处理以及色牢度测试。结果表明:采用中温型单偶氮类分散染料分散紫SE-E、分散橙SE-G以及分散蓝SE-F进行黑色分散染料拼混,三者拼混比例为0.50∶1.85∶0.65时,可获得比商品液黑分散染料更低的明度值和优良的提升力,实现涤纶纺织品深黑色染色效果;染色样品上各染料组分浓度比值与拼混比例基本吻合,表明拼混黑色分散染料组分间具有良好的配伍性能和染色性能。 相似文献
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Sugimori D Banzawa R Kurozumi M Okura I 《Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering》1999,87(2):252-254
A disperse dye-removing fungus, Cunninghamella polymorpha, was isolated from soil. C. polymorpha efficiently removed an average 93% of 17 tested disperse dyes in 120 h, and 90% of C. I. Disperse Blue 60 was removed even at a high concentration of 500 mg/l. The dye removal was due to the sorption of dye to the fungal cells. 相似文献
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为实现分散染料的免水洗染色,以2,2′-偶氮二异丁基脒二盐酸盐(AIBA)引发甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)和丙烯酸丁酯(BA)在C.I.分散紫93染料颗粒表面聚合成P(MMA-co-BA)壳层制备纳米包覆分散染料。探讨反应时间、反应温度、引发剂用量和核壳比对包覆过程的影响,得到较佳反应工艺条件为:温度70℃,时间3 h,引发剂对单体质量分数3%。研究表明:纳米包覆分散染料的Zeta电位为-61.1 mV,染料热稳定性得到显著改善;将其应用于涤纶及涤/棉织物的免水洗染色,在不明显影响手感、色深度和匀染性的同时,织物的各项色牢度较未经水洗的传统热熔染色工艺可提高1~2级,断裂强力提高约10%,且皂洗残液的化学需氧量降低30%以上。 相似文献
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助剂对分散染料染氨纶的影响 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
分散染料对氨纶有亲和力,在不同助剂中,其染色性不同,研究了各种助剂对分散染料染氨纶的上染率、匀染性、染色牢度等的影响,其中自配助剂SQ有令人满意的匀染性和染色牢度,是分散染料染氨纶较好的染色助剂。 相似文献
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本文介绍了国内外适用于涤棉混纺织物一浴一步法染色的分散/直接交联染料的性能及其染料结构。分散染料染色过程一般分为织物表面吸附,纤维内部扩散,纤维内部达到平衡三个阶段。一浴一步法分散染料则由老品种中筛选拼混而成以获得增效作用,达到快速染色目的。直接交联染料具有较大的直接性,对棉纤维的亲和力应大于冰染料;染料的线性和同平面性愈强,愈能作为交联染料,直接交联染料具有类似于直接染料的性质,但是直接染料不能 相似文献
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Dyeing wastewater collected in Kyoto city, Japan, was investigated for the occurrence of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) ligands by using an AhR-responsive reporter gene assay. Concentrated extracts of wastewater samples elicited a dose-dependent increase in AhR ligand activity, and several hydrophobic HPLC fractions of the extracts were highly effective in inducing AhR ligand activity. Three potential AhR ligands were isolated from these fractions and identified to be Disperse Red 92, Disperse Yellow 64, and 3'-hydroxybenzo[b]quinophthalone by using HPLC and LC-MS/MS. Disperse Red 92, which has also been detected in the treated effluent from a sewage plant receiving the wastewater, is an anthraquinone disperse dye showing weak AhR binding affinity in the assay. Disperse Yellow 64 and 3'-hydroxybenzo[b]quinophthalone are quinoline disperse dyes capable of activating the AhR at nanomolar concentrations. In particular, Disperse Yellow 64 is a highly potent AhR ligand that was 3 times more effective in inducing AhR ligand activity than beta-naphthoflavone in the assay. Quinoline disperse dyes are suggested to be a new class of xenobiotic AhR ligands which pose a danger to aquatic biota and human health. 相似文献
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为探究分散染料在超临界CO2和水中各自染色条件下的溶解性,基于分子动力学模拟,采用热力学积分方法分别计算了C.I.分散棕19在2种溶剂中的溶解自由能和结合自由能,并采用平均非键相互作用方法分析了C.I.分散棕19染料分子与2种溶剂分子间的弱相互作用类型及稳定性。模拟结果表明:C.I.分散棕19染料分子在超临界CO2(24 MPa,130 ℃)和水(0.25 MPa,130 ℃)中的自由能绝对值均较小且相差不大,但其在超临界CO2中的溶解自由能绝对值稍小,结合自由能绝对值稍大;C.I.分散棕19染料分子与2种溶剂分子间均只存在较弱且不稳定的范德华色散作用,但其与超临界CO2分子间的弱相互作用相对于水更不稳定。 相似文献
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Disperse dyes contain around 30–60% of dispersing agents as well as dyeing with disperse dyes requires around 2–5 g/L of dispersing agent for faultless dyeing of polyester and other hydrophobic fibres. Dispersing agents are not absorbed by the fibres and a large quantity of dispersing agent creates unavoidable load on the effluent treatment. Dispersant-free disperse dyes seem to have an acceptable solution to this existing problem. These dyes can work in absence of dispersing agents and thus are called as dispersant free disperse dyes. In this work, dispersant-free disperse dyes were synthesised by coupling diazotised p-nitroaniline with the different components like sulfomethylated aniline and m-toluidine. These synthesised dyes were applied successfully on polyester which resulted into uniform dyeing, good build-up and desired colour yield. The dyeing was dependent on the pH and the optimum pH was 5 similar to that employed in conventional polyester dyeing. The fastness properties obtained were good and comparable with the conventional dyes. Whereas the chemical oxygen demand levels of the dispersant-free disperse dyes were much lower than those from commercial disperse dye. 相似文献
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表面活性剂改善分散拼混染料高温分散性的研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
研究了不同类别的阴、非离子表面活性剂及其复配物,以及pH值、螯合剂、加料方式等工艺条件对分散拼混染料高温分散性的影响。配制了非离子型的SS-991高温分散匀染剂。经工业生产试验表明:SS-991对改善C.I.分散蓝60与143拼混染料的高温分散性和匀染性等染色性能有较明显的效果,并与C.I.分散黄54在针织涤纶上进行拼色染色,可得到均匀色泽的染色质量。 相似文献