绗缝机花样加工代码自动生成算法

为简化绗缝机花样设计工艺,降低人的经验影响,达到随拍随绣的效果,对目标绗缝图像进行预处理与边缘提取;采用轮廓跟踪算法,将图像分割为若干有序点链轮廓;最后使用遗传算法,以直线和圆弧为微段加工基元,以一阶连续为约束条件,拟合各段轮廓,进行模拟加工,同时运用MatLab进行编程验证,证明其可靠性。结果表明:应用带约束的误差函数,避免了因端点不连续带来的剪线、跳针的影响,各代最优加工路径的适应度在遗传算子的作用下逐步提高,达到总误差小且拟合段数少的效果;模拟加工实时性好、效率高、还原度高,满足实践中复杂花样的绗缝加工需求。     

基于交互式遗传算法的Polo衫快速款式推荐系统

针对服装虚拟设计与定制时专业知识门槛较高,无法高效获得心仪定制款式的问题,以Polo衫为例,对其进行部件化的三维模型设计,并对其条纹针织面料外观进行虚拟设计,建立Polo衫设计部件数据库.此外,引入优化的交互式遗传算法,使用基于款式部件相似度的适应值加权分配策略,通过编码、初始种群生成、适应度计算、选择、子染色体偏好固...     

基于图像的织物图案和颜色主题提取研究进展北大核心CSCD

为提高织物设计的效率及多样性,文章从“再设计”的角度梳理“织物-织物”的设计流程,重点整理织物图案形状及颜色主题的主要提取方法。大部分提取研究主要利用织物图像底层视觉特征中的形状及颜色特征,其中针对图案形状的提取,大多采用边缘检测、阈值、聚类、区域及其他特定理论对图案轮廓或整体区域进行分割;针对颜色主题的提取,则通过聚类、中位切分及八叉树等颜色量化方法建立和谐的配色规律,两个方向的提取算法可以相互借鉴。通过图像实例对不同提取方法的特点进行分析比较,发现单一算法具有一定的局限性,采用多特征、多算法融合的方式可有效提高提取的精度和效率。最后对织物再设计流程的完善及其在纺织服装领域的应用发展进行展望。     

应用改进遗传算法的自动配棉模型优化与应用

针对配棉工艺具有多约束条件的特点和现有自动配棉的不足,提出将改进的遗传算法应用到线性规划优化求解问题中,通过改进遗传算法的初始种群生成策略、遗传算子和进化收敛条件,将配棉约束条件动态融合到种群进化过程中,在保证配棉约束条件的前提下,兼顾了求解的效率和有效性,以达到对自动配棉进行优化的目的。应用结果显示:用改进遗传算法对配棉模型的求解优于基本遗传算法,且配棉的各项指标值符合生产技术要求,在满足混棉质量的前提下,该方法能指导技术人员对候选棉和库存棉做出更合理的选择,有效降低了配棉成本。     

遗传算法在织物起皱评价中的应用

文章对传统遗传算法进行了改进，提出了一种带有倒位算子的遗传算法。经检验表明，该遗传算法可以有效地提高收敛速度，达到全局最优。将遗传算法应用于织物起皱评价，可以为决策者提供优化方案。     

Genetic algorithm‐based detection of the layout of color yarns

In this paper a novel method based on a genetic algorithm is proposed to recognize the layout of color yarns of yarn‐dyed fabric from the color pattern. The principle of a genetic algorithm is described first, and then the theories of roulette wheel selection method, crossover operation, and mutation operation are explained with the practical problem. Elitist selection is used to search for the correct result of the layout of color yarns. Some new chromosomes are added to the new generation in the genetic algorithm to avoid the local optimization. The repeat element of the layout of color yarns is then detected with period extraction. The repeat element of color pattern with the layout of color yarns is output together. Experiments on some color patterns recognized from actual yarn‐dyed fabrics, some color patterns simulated manually, and some color patterns including error color information of floats prove that the method proposed in this paper is effective for detecting the layout of color yarns from the color pattern of yarn‐dyed fabric, and it has a fault‐tolerance ability to some degree.     

基于核模糊聚类的机织物组织自动识别

本文基于数字图像处理技术,采用无监督的模式识别方法,实现机织物组织的自动识别。首先,采用错切变换对倾斜纱线进行校正,并按图像的经、纬向灰度投影曲线实现织物组织点的定位。然后,根据灰度共生矩阵对组织点图像进行纹理特征的提取。为了减少数据冗余量,对组织点特征进行主分量分析,提取最有意义的子特征。最后,采用无监督的核模糊C均值聚类对组织点进行分类识别。织物的测试结果表明,所采用的算法能够实现简单的机织物组织的准确识别,并输出对应的组织图。     

基于遗传规划的织物自适应正交小波基的构造和优化

 为了实现机织物疵点的自动检测,文章在构造织物自适应正交小波库的基础上,运用遗传规划算法,将构造的小波库作为群体规模,对遗传规划算法四种不同的适应度函数进行优选后,从群体规模中优化出与织物纹理相匹配的小波基。研究结果表明,以织物纹理波动为适应度函数得到的小波基与织物的匹配性较好。试验验证了该方法对相关疵点检测的有效性,并采用窗口分割法对织物疵点进行定位,表明采用遗传规划算法结合适应度函数优选的方法,能够找到与织物纹理相适应的最优小波基,实现织物疵点的自动检测。     

偶然形在室内纺织品设计中的独特体现

本文简述了室内纺织品中的图案要素和偶然形的含义,具体分析了偶然形在室内纺织品中的应用,侧重介绍偶然形在布艺家具、地毯、窗帘、床上用图案设计中的独特体现,探讨以偶然形为创意方向在室内纺织品图案设计方面的应用。     

基于遗传退火算法的数据库多连接查询优化算法

结合多连接查询的特点,提出将侧重于全局搜索的遗传算法与侧重于局部搜索的模拟退火算法相结合的数据库多连接查询优化算法:先从一组随机产生的初始种群开始全局最优解的搜索,通过选择、交叉、变异等遗传操作产生新一代种群,然后对新个体进行模拟退火操作,将结果作为下一代种群中的个体.如此反复迭代进行,到满足最终条件为止.仿真实验验证了该算法的有效性.     

Using recursion to compute the inverse of the genomic relationship matrix

Computing the inverse of the genomic relationship matrix using recursion was investigated. A traditional algorithm to invert the numerator relationship matrix is based on the observation that the conditional expectation for an additive effect of 1 animal given the effects of all other animals depends on the effects of its sire and dam only, each with a coefficient of 0.5. With genomic relationships, such an expectation depends on all other genotyped animals, and the coefficients do not have any set value. For each animal, the coefficients plus the conditional variance can be called a genomic recursion. If such recursions are known, the mixed model equations can be solved without explicitly creating the inverse of the genomic relationship matrix. Several algorithms were developed to create genomic recursions. In an algorithm with sequential updates, genomic recursions are created animal by animal. That algorithm can also be used to update a known inverse of a genomic relationship matrix for additional genotypes. In an algorithm with forward updates, a newly computed recursion is immediately applied to update recursions for remaining animals. The computing costs for both algorithms depend on the sparsity pattern of the genomic recursions, but are lower or equal than for regular inversion. An algorithm for proven and young animals assumes that the genomic recursions for young animals contain coefficients only for proven animals. Such an algorithm generates exact genomic EBV in genomic BLUP and is an approximation in single-step genomic BLUP. That algorithm has a cubic cost for the number of proven animals and a linear cost for the number of young animals. The genomic recursions can provide new insight into genomic evaluation and possibly reduce costs of genetic predictions with extremely large numbers of genotypes.     

基于京剧脸谱意象色彩的服饰纹样自动配色

为提升服饰纹样色彩配色效能,利用自适应颜色聚类及自动配色机制,实现基于意象场景的服饰纹样自动配色。以京剧脸谱为范例,搜集了三类角色共计150幅脸谱图像作为源图,采用分割、降噪等操作获取脸谱主体内容;利用二分K-均值聚类算法,对单一样本进行逐一自适应色彩提取,在此基础上进行二次聚类获得各角色脸谱提取色色值、占比及共现比率等特征参数;最后设计融合颜色聚类数、共现比率及目标区域特征要素的动态配色机制,开发色彩解析和纹样自动配色软件。实验结果表明,配色控制参数、源图类型、纹样形态等因素影响选色顺序及最终配色效果,实现基于意象场景的纹样色彩自动迁移,为当代服饰纹样色彩设计提供决策参考。     

服装波点图案消费感知与设计要素的相关性

为探究服装消费者对波点图案的感性评价与图案设计要素的关系,准确把握服装波点图案的设计定位,从而满足消费者的感性需求,通过消费感知实验,获取消费者对服装波点图案在7个维度方面的感性评分数据,同时将实验样本图案的定性要素赋值为定量数据,通过偏最小二乘法探索两组数据的映射关系,建立相关性数学模型。通过数据分析得出结论:服装波点图案设计要素影响着消费者的感性认知,二者存在较高的相关性,且不同的感性形容词对应着不同的相关性模型;相关性模型具有实践应用价值,有助于实现基于不同感性需求的个性化图案设计,建立服装波点图案的感性评价预测模型。     

基于三维人体扫描模型的衬衣版型生成方法

针对衬衣定制自动生成版型与体型匹配误差不可控问题,提出一种基于三维人体扫描模型的衬衣版型生成方法。首先,扫描目标人体获得个性化的三维人体模型,通过对模型截面曲线的几何特征分析,在三维人体模型上提取个性化体型特征点;使用服装制版标准人台,构建一个衬衣的标准三维基础模型;然后,使用保刚性变形算法,以个性化体型特征点为约束,实现该衬衣标准三维基础模型的变形;最后,使用基于质点-弹簧系统的三维模型展平算法,根据变形后的衬衣三维模型各个版片生成对应的二维版片,添加经实验验证的版片边缘线缩放量,生成适应目标体型的个性化衬衣版型。实验结果表明,该方法能够生成合体的衬衣版型,基于数字化模型和自动化处理算法,实现衬衣版型的自动化生成,保证个性化制版的精度,并提高制版效率,为服装智能生产制造提供技术解决方案。     

基于遗传算法和prim算法的配电网架扩展规划

以建设费用、运行费用的加权和最低为目标函数，以最大投资额度的限制为约束条件，采用遗传算法获得总费用最小的扩展规划结果．在扩展规划过程中，将配电网的电源点和负荷点当作顶点，将各个顶点间可能架设线路的走廊当作边，以随机设置的各条边的初始权为基因，并采用prim算法求取最小生成树作为初始种群．采取复制、交叉和变异等遗传操作，达到规定代数后得到最终的最优规划方案、对一个具体算例进行扩展规划的结果表明该方法是可行的．     

基于种群分类的差分进化算法

针对差分进化算法易陷入局部最优及收敛速度慢的缺点,提出基于种群分类的差分进化算法.该算法首先在种群中随机选取3个个体,与目标个体的适应度值进行比较,从而将种群分为优势、一般和劣势子种群;其次对每类子种群采用不同的变异算子进行变异操作,并设置合理的参数取值.所提算法不仅保证了算法的鲁棒性,而且充分利用了每个个体的特征信息,有效地平衡了全局搜索能力和局部开发能力.数值实验说明了本文算法的有效性.     

Wildlife conservation and reproductive cloning

Reproductive cloning, or the production of offspring by nuclear transfer, is often regarded as having potential for conserving endangered species of wildlife. Currently, however, low success rates for reproductive cloning limit the practical application of this technique to experimental use and proof of principle investigations. In this review, we consider how cloning may contribute to wildlife conservation strategies. The cloning of endangered mammals presents practical problems, many of which stem from the paucity of knowledge about their basic reproductive biology. However, situations may arise where resources could be targeted at recovering lost or under-represented genetic lines; these could then contribute to the future fitness of the population. Approaches of this type would be preferable to the indiscriminate generation of large numbers of identical individuals. Applying cloning technology to non-mammalian vertebrates may be more practical than attempting to use conventional reproductive technologies. As the scientific background to cloning technology was pioneered using amphibians, it may be possible to breed imminently threatened amphibians, or even restore extinct amphibian species, by the use of cloning. In this respect species with external embryonic development may have an advantage over mammals as developmental abnormalities associated with inappropriate embryonic reprogramming would not be relevant.     

接触状态下男上装基础版型对人体压力分布的有限元模型

为对男上装基础版型与人体接触状态下的压力分布进行仿真与分析,采用三维人体测量技术获取人体和服装的点云数据,通过逆向工程软件建立人体与服装的几何模型,运用有限元软件进行有限元网格划分,建立人体与服装在接触状态下的有限元模型并进行仿真计算。由仿真结果得出基础版型与人体之间的压力及位移的分布状况：肩部中点的压力值为2.012 ～4.134 kPa,胸点与背部点压力值为0 ～ 1.101 kPa,肩颈点与肩点压力值为0 ～2.012 kPa;而实测肩部中点压力值为3.14 ～ 3.20 kPa,胸点压力值为0.73 ～ 0.81 kPa,肩颈点压力值为0.54 ～0.61 kPa,肩点压力值为1.19 ～1.23 kPa,背部点压力值为0.61 ～0.75 kPa;经对比实验验证所建立的有限元模型是合理且有效的。     

羌族刺绣图案设计探源与分析

以羌族刺绣图案设计元素特征作为研究对象,通过对已收集羌族刺绣图案资料的整理对比,提取出图案中每一题材的造型元素;结合羌族刺绣历史文化内涵和图案设计理论,分析其题材、造型、形式、色彩特征,形成图文分析资料。分析表明羌族刺绣具有较高审美价值,其图案造型形象生动,构图错落有致,图案元素丰富又生动,艺术风格率真灵动,在现代艺术设计中和艺术市场上具有极高的价值;指出羌族刺绣设计开发中存在的问题,并提出解决对策。     

Genetic parameters for lactose and its correlation with other milk production traits and fitness traits in pasture-based production systems

Lactose is a major component of milk (typically around 5% of composition) that is not usually directly considered in national genetic improvement programs of dairy cattle. Daily test-day lactose yields and percentage data from pasture-based seasonal calving herds in Australia were analyzed to assess if lactose content can be used for predicting fitness traits and if an additional benefit is achieved by including lactose yield in selecting for milk yield traits. Data on lactose percentage collected from 2007 to 2014, from about 600 herds, were used to estimated genetic parameters for lactose percentage and lactose yield and correlations with other milk yield traits, somatic cell count (SCC), calving interval (CIV), and survival. Daily test-day data were analyzed using bivariate random regression models. In addition, multi-trait models were also performed mainly to assess the value of lactose to predict fitness traits. The heritability of lactose percentage (0.25 to 0.37) was higher than lactose yield (0.11 to 0.20) in the first parity. Genetically, the correlation of lactose percentage with protein percentage varied from 0.3 at the beginning of lactation to ?0.24 at the end of the lactation in the first parity. Similar patterns in genetic correlations were also observed in the second and third parity. At all levels (i.e., genetic, permanent environmental, and residual), the correlation between milk yield and lactose yield was close to 1. The genetic and permanent environmental correlations between lactose percentage and SCC were stronger in the second and third parity and toward the end of the lactation (?0.35 to ?0.50) when SCC levels are at their maximum. The genetic correlation between lactose percentage in the first 120 d and CIV (?0.23) was similar to correlation of CIV with protein percentage (?0.28), another component trait with the potential to predict fertility. Furthermore, the correlations of estimated breeding values of lactose percentage and estimated breeding values of traits such as survival, fertility, SCC, and angularity suggest that the value of lactose percentage as a predictor of fitness traits is weak. The results also suggest that including lactose yield as a trait into the breeding objective is of limited value due to the high positive genetic correlation between lactose yield and protein yield, the trait highly emphasized in Australia. However, recording lactose percentage as part of the routine milk recording system will enable the Australian dairy industry to respond quickly to any future changes and market signals.