Functional finishing of cotton fabrics using graphene oxide nanosheets decorated with titanium dioxide nanoparticles

This study examined an innovative approach for imparting multi-functional properties, i.e. self-cleaning, electrical conductivity, ultraviolet (UV) blocking as well as antimicrobial properties onto cotton fabric. Graphene oxide/TiO₂ nanocomposites were successfully prepared, by a simple method of mixing and sonication, and used for multi-functional treatment of cotton fabrics by dip-drying technique. The physicochemical properties of the prepared samples were characterized with field emission scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope, X-ray diffraction, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Self-cleaning performance, electrical resistance, antimicrobial properties, and UV blocking activity of treated fabrics were also assessed. The coated cotton fabrics with graphene oxide/TiO₂ nanocomposite showed excellent photocatalytic self-cleaning activity measured by degradation of methylene blue in aqueous solution under sunlight irradiation. Results showed that the electrical conductivity of the graphene oxide/titanium dioxide nanocomposite-coated fabrics was improved significantly after sunlight irradiation. Moreover, the nanocomposite finished cotton fabric demonstrated proper antimicrobial properties and UV blocking activity.     

A novel multifunctional cotton fabric using ZrO2 NPs/urea/CTAB/MA/SHP: introducing flame retardant,photoactive and antibacterial properties

This study was aimed to investigate the possibility of producing multifunctional properties on cotton fabric using ZrO₂ nanoparticles along with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and urea. Maleic acid was also used as a cross-linking agent in the presence of sodium hypophosphite as the catalyst to stabilize fabric from creasing and nanoparticles on the fabric surface. The flame retardant properties of the treated samples were examined using char length and thermogravimetry analysis. The self-cleaning properties of treated cotton fabrics were also analyzed based on the discoloration of methylene blue under sunlight irradiation. The antibacterial activities of treated fabrics were examined against Escherichia coli through counting method. The surface of the treated cotton and microstructure of nanoparticles were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Introducing urea as a nitrogen source enhanced both the flame retardant and photoactivity of the nano-ZrO₂-treated fabric. Moreover, incorporating CTAB in the finishing formulation exhibited the satisfactory antibacterial properties on the treated fabrics.     

Nano-TiO2/maleic acid/triethanol amine/sodium hypophosphite colloid on cotton to produce cross-linking and self-cleaning properties

Application of a colloid of nano-titanium dioxide (nano-TiO₂), maleic acid (MA), sodium hypophosphite (SHP), and triethanol amine on cotton fabrics through pad–dry–cure process was investigated to produce a cross-link cotton fabric with self-cleaning properties without yellowing. The central composite design was used for variables based on Design of Expert software. The degradation of methylene blue on the surfaces of treated fabrics was monitored to investigate the self-cleaning property. Also the crease recovery angles (CRA) of the fabrics was studied to investigate cross-linking of cotton fabric. Moreover, the surfaces of the treated cotton fabrics were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The optimum treatment conditions to obtain cross-linking and self-cleaning properties on the cotton fabric were introduced. Increasing concentrations of MA to 20% increased the fabric CRA due to cross-linking of cellulose in the presence of MA and SHP. The treated fabrics have good self-cleaning performance with desirable durability against repeated washings. The SEM pictures also confirmed the immobilization of the nano-TiO₂ particles on the fabric surface that remain after 10 washing cycles.     

超疏水棉织物的简易制备技术

为了制备超疏水棉织物,利用烷基氯硅烷对棉织物进行气相沉积,在棉织物表面生成具有微观粗糙结构的低表面能物质聚硅氧烷,再结合织物本身的屈曲结构,使棉织物具有超疏水自清洁性能,制备方法简易,成本低且不需要昂贵的设备。采用扫描电镜、接触角测定仪、集灰试验等手段观察棉织物的表面形貌,并研究了其超疏水和自清洁性能。结果表明：当甲基三氯硅烷（MTS）与二甲基二氯硅烷（DDS）体积比为5：1,MTS与DDS的总体积为8-10 mL,气相沉积时间为120 min 时,制得棉织物表面的接触角达152.3°,滚动角为2.7°;集灰试验表明沉积后的棉织物具有良好的自清洁功能。     

Investigating the effect of corona treatment on self-cleaning property of finished cotton fabric with nano titanium dioxide

This research aims to create the durable self-cleaning property on cotton fabric using nano titanium dioxide and corona treatment as a dry and environmentally friendly process. In this regard, cotton fabrics were investigated under corona treatment with intensities of 2 and 3 A for 1, 3, and 5?min of irradiation. The treated samples with 0.1, 0.5, 1, and 1.5 on weight of bath percent were cured by nano titanium dioxide to obtain the highest self-cleaning property. The treated cotton fabrics, which were stained with direct green 6, were exposed to 20 and 400?W of UV radiation and their self-cleaning property was examined, and the results were reported. In addition, using corona treatment helped to stabilize the nano titanium dioxide on the cotton fabric surface even after 50 washing cycles. Through SEM images, Thermo Gravimetric Analysis plots, and XRD patterns, the presence of nano titanium dioxide on the surface of the treated cotton samples after washing was verified. Also, the tensile strengths of TiO₂-coated cotton fabrics were measured.     

棉织物的纳米TiO2自清洁整理

以钛酸丁酯为前驱体制备了纳米TiO2溶胶,用于棉织物的自清洁整理。研究了浸渍时间和焙烘温度、焙烘时间、水煮时间、皂洗次数等因素对棉织物自清洁效果的影响。结果表明,整理织物的自清洁效果随着浸渍时间的增加而提高,随着焙烘温度、水煮时间的增加先提高后减小,而焙烘时间过长对自清洁效果无利且织物强力和白度下降;通过对纳米TiO2溶胶的掺杂改性,可提高织物自清洁效果。     

花状TiO2/氟硅烷构筑超双疏棉织物及其光催化性能

制备了具有超双疏、光催化、自清洁等多种功能的多层次TiO₂/氟硅烷织物,分析了功能织物的抗润湿性能、表面形貌、表面化学成分、化学环境耐受性、热稳定性以及在光催化应用方面的性能。研究结果表明,当TiO₂、含氟试剂以及TEOS的添加量分别为0.3 g、0.3 mL和0.2 mL时,整理的棉织物具有良好的超疏水、超疏油性能,接触角达到150°以上,以及优良的耐水洗性和耐酸碱性。锐钛矿型TiO₂与含氟试剂均匀负载到棉织物表面,不仅使超亲水性的棉织物达到拒水、拒油的效果,还在一定程度上具有较优的光催化效应,在模拟太阳光下,对商品染料活性红195的降解率达到78%以上。     

改性TiO_2纳米线对棉织物的抗紫外及自清洁整理

利用自制的改性TiO_2纳米线对棉织物进行功能性整理,赋予棉织物抗紫外及自清洁性能。整理后的棉织物获得了较好的抗紫外性能和自清洁性能,UPF值可达77.21,紫外平均透过率TUVA为11.04%,TUVB为0.41%。在24 W紫外灯的照射下,滴有辣椒油的功能性棉织物在7 h内可实现自动清洁表面油污的功能,且由于改性TiO_2纳米线表面具有大量活性官能团,能以化学键的形式连接到纤维表面,使织物具有持久的耐洗性。     

二氧化钛水热改性涤/棉混纺织物的自清洁性能

为赋予涤/棉混纺织物光催化自清洁性能,基于水热合成技术,分别使用钛酸四丁酯、硫酸钛以及硫酸氧钛在涤/棉混纺织物表面负载纳米TiO₂颗粒,借助扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪、热重分析仪和紫外-可见光漫反射光谱仪等对TiO₂改性涤/棉混纺织物的结构和性能进行分析,比较了不同种类TiO₂前驱体改性涤/棉混纺织物可见光下降解污物的自清洁能力。结果表明:较钛酸四丁酯和硫酸钛改性的涤/棉混纺织物,硫酸氧钛改性涤/棉混纺织物接枝的锐钛矿型TiO₂颗粒多且尺寸小,光吸收能力增强,禁带宽度减小,其光催化自清洁性能优异,5次洗涤后自清洁性能没有明显减弱。     

用红木叶生态染料染棉的工艺探讨

用生态染料红木叶对棉进行染色,采用不同的媒染剂,分别为明矾、氯化亚锡、氯化钙、硫酸铜和硫酸亚铁,不同的媒染剂浓度;同时结合预媒、同媒和后媒三种媒染方法进行试验,对试样在水洗、摩擦、日晒以及汗渍牢度等方面的性能差异进行了对比.     

固色剂CF-C在提高活性染料耐氯牢度中的应用

采用研制的固色剂CF—C对染色织物进行固色处理。通过优化工艺条件，经试验和大生产应用表明，固色剂CF—C能提升活性染料染色织物的耐氯牢度和湿牢度，效果良好，且对染色织物的色光、吸水性和日晒牢度等均无不良影响。     

棉织物紫外线防护整理

用三嗪类紫外线吸收剂和受阻胺光稳定剂复配物乳液对棉织物进行抗紫外线整理。研究了后整理工艺对织物紫外线防护性能的影响，研制出具有良好紫外线防护性能的织物，其日晒色牢度也有一定改善。     

Fabrication of photochromic,hydrophobic, antibacterial,and ultraviolet-blocking cotton fabric using silica nanoparticles functionalized with a photochromic dye

The aim of this work was the fabrication of cotton fabric with multifunctional properties such as photochromic, hydrophobicity, antibacterial, and ultraviolet (UV) blocking. In this regard, a mixture of silica nanoparticles with spirooxazine as a photochromic dye first applied on the cotton fabric, and then, the fabric surface was coated with an alkylsilane compound. The homogenous distribution of silica and silica/spirooxazine hybrid on the cotton fibers was established by field emission scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and X-ray mapping. X-ray diffraction patterns confirmed the amorphous nature of the hybrid on the treated cotton fabric. The photochromic effect of the fabrics was measured after 5-min sunlight irradiation. Other characteristics of treated fabrics, such as antibacterial activity, hydrophobic properties, and UV-blocking activity, were also assessed. The results indicated that adding silica nanoparticles to spirooxazine had a tangible effect on photochromic activity of treated cotton fabrics and its photochromic performance was higher than that of the photochromic dye. The fabric showed stable hydrophobicity with static water contact angle values of 141.2° ± 1°. Moreover, the coated cotton fabric demonstrated proper antibacterial properties and UV-blocking activity.     

活性染料耐汗光复合色牢度的研究

选择12只常用活性染料对纯棉和粘胶织物进行染色，测定其耐汗光复合色牢度、耐光色牢度和汗渍色牢度，系统分析染色浓度、织物类型、汗液组分对活性染料耐汗光复合色牢度的影响。结果表明，染料的耐汗光复合色牢度与耐光色牢度和汗渍色牢度有较大差异；随着染料浓度的增加，耐光色牢度和耐汗光复合色牢度均有所提高；粘胶织物的耐光牢度和耐汗光复合色牢度均高于棉织物；按不同标准配制的人工汗液对活性染料耐汗光复合色牢度的影响也不同，ATTS汗液对耐汗光复合色牢度的影响最大。     

Concurrent dyeing and finishing of cotton with natural colour and citric acid in the presence of NaH2PO4 as catalyst under thermal treatment

Cotton fabric was simultaneously modified and dyed with citric acid and Camellia sinensis, and citric acid and Punica granatum in the presence of sodium di‐hydrogen phosphate (NaH₂PO₄) as the catalyst using a pad–dry–cure technique. Treatment with 10% citric acid, 15% NaH₂PO₄ and any of the above‐mentioned dyes at 100% wet pick‐up, followed by drying at 95°C for 5 min and curing of the dried fabric at 140°C for 5 min produced most balanced improvements in respect of the depth of shade, wrinkle recovery and colour fastness to light, wash and rubbing with retention of more than 70% of the original strength. Infrared analysis of the dyed cotton fabric indicated that the treatment of cotton with citric acid and either Camellia sinensis or Punica granatum under the influence of an esterification catalyst led to the esterification of carboxyl groups of citric acid and of hydroxyl groups of cotton cellulose and with that of both the dyes. The said process also led to some degree of cross‐linking of polymeric chains of cotton.     

天然栀子黄染色棉织物的防紫外和抗菌性能

利用天然栀子黄对壳聚糖改性棉织物进行染色,研究了时间、栀子黄用量、pH和温度对染色棉织物K/S值的影响,并研究了栀子黄染色壳聚糖改性棉织物的色牢度、防紫外和抗菌性能.结果 表明壳聚糖改性实现了棉织物纤维的阳离子化;栀子黄染色壳聚糖改性棉织物的优化工艺:栀子黄用量8％,pH 5,60 min,40℃;栀子黄染色壳聚糖改性...     

天然纤维织物热转移印花的颜色特征

棉、苎麻，蚕丝织物经预处理变性后，热转移印花，多数染料的转移率接近涤纶织物，但表面色深值都普遍低于洛纶织笺，而且得色鲜艳度和色相，都发生不同程度的变化。     

WLS助剂改性的棉织物活性染料浸轧无盐染色工艺研究

研究阳离子改性剂WLS改性棉织物对活性染料连续轧染染色性能的影响,优选出了改性棉织物活性染料轧染染色的最佳工艺,并评价改性棉织物活性染料轧染染色性能。结果表明,WLS助剂改性的棉织物活性染料轧染染色性能明显改善,织物的K/S值显著提高,同时耐摩擦色牢度和耐皂洗色牢度有所改进,可以实现活性染料轧染无盐低碱染色。     

聚酯/聚酰胺及其棉混纺织物的染色性能

通过测试聚酯/聚酰胺织物（以下简称改性聚酯）的沸水收缩率,改性聚酯/棉(65/35)混纺织物的最佳前处理条件,改性聚酯织物常压染色和改性聚酯/棉织物分散/活性染料一浴一步法染色的K/S、色牢度,对新型改性聚酯及其棉混纺织物的染色性能进行了研究。实验结果表明：染前热定型后,改性聚酯及其棉混纺织物的经向、纬向收缩率都低于5%;改性聚酯/棉织物的前处理优化工艺条件为：双氧水4g/L、精炼剂3g/L 、NaOH4g/L;改性聚酯织物可以常压染色;改性聚酯/棉分散/活性染料一浴一步碱性染色匀染性良好,染色样品的熨烫、日晒、干摩擦牢度都达到4级及以上。     

自分散反应性钒酸铋的制备及对棉织物的功能整理

采用亲水性单体(3-丙烯酰胺丙基)三甲基氯化铵(ATAC)和反应性单体烯丙基缩水甘油醚(AGE)分别与硅烷偶联剂3-巯丙基三乙氧基硅烷(KH590)进行巯基-烯点击反应,制备亲水性组分和反应性组分.然后对BiVO4进行改性,得到自分散反应性BiVO4,并对棉织物进行整理.结果表明,当ATAC和AGE的物质的量比为3:2...