葫芦巴浸膏挥发性成分分析

采用同时蒸馏法萃取葫芦巴浸膏中的挥发性成分,并用气相色谱-质谱联用技术进行分析鉴定,鉴定出46种化学成分,应用峰面积归一化法确定了各成分的相对质量分数。葫芦巴浸膏挥发性香气成分主要包括棕榈酸乙酯(30.34%)、亚油酸乙酯(21.53%)、油酸乙酯(12.96%)、正己酸乙酯(4.96%)、肉豆蔻酸乙酯(2.23%)、辛酸乙酯(1.89%)、十五酸乙酯(1.28%)等。     

蜡菊净油的MDGC-MS分析及其在卷烟中的应用

为研究蜡菊净油的成分及其在卷烟中的应用,采用多维气相色谱-质谱联用(MDGC-MS)对净油中的挥发性和半挥发性成分及其裂解产物进行鉴定。从净油中共鉴定出65种化合物,大部分为酯类和酸类。裂解产物中含有棕榈酸乙酯、肉豆蔻酸、肉豆蔻酸乙酯、香叶基丙酮等增香成分。评吸结果表明,蜡菊净油用于卷烟加香,能够明显丰富烟香,增加清甜香韵,减小刺激性和改善卷烟余味,在卷烟加香中具有一定的应用潜力。     

基于GC-MS与GC-O法分析两种春黄菊精油中特征性香气成分

采用气相色谱-质谱联用技术(GC-MS)对两种春黄菊精油(样品A和B)的挥发性成分进行分析鉴定,从中共鉴定出49种挥发性化合物,其中共有成分为18种,酯类物质在春黄菊精油样品挥发物中的相对含量最高.结合香气强度法与气相色谱-嗅闻技术(GC-O)对A、B两种精油进行分析,最终确定了19种特征香气物质(香气强度值≥3),以...     

辛夷净油中致香组分的制备、成分分析及其在卷烟中的应用

采用传统净油制备工艺和葡聚糖凝胶柱层析技术,分离得到辛夷净油中的致香组分,并经气相色谱/质谱联用进行分析鉴定,共鉴定出22种成分,主要包括顺式-β-松油醇、芳樟醇、香叶醇、香茅醇、顺-Z-α-环氧化红没药烯、异金合欢醇、榄香醇、喇叭醇、棕榈酸、顺-9-十八烯酸、亚麻酸甲酯、亚油酸等物质。将辛夷净油致香组分应用于卷烟中,可消除并规避辛夷净油辛凉气息较重、易掩盖烟香的缺点,同时具有丰富和提升烟香、提高香气质、改善吃味、使烟气柔和细腻以及减刺除杂等作用。     

炒甘草浸膏挥发性成分分析

采用同时蒸馏方法萃取炒甘草浸膏中的挥发性成分,并用气相色谱-质谱联用技术进行分析鉴定,鉴定出28种化学成分,应用峰面积归一化法确定了各成分的相对质量分数。炒甘草浸膏挥发性香气成分主要包括糠醛(18.44%)、5-甲基呋喃醛(14.52%)、2-乙酰基呋喃(13.37%)、棕榈酸甲酯(9.62%)、棕榈酸(9.06%)、糠醇(8.05%)、亚油酸乙酯(4.77%)、亚油酸(2.79%)等。     

金银花浸膏挥发性成分分析

采用气相色谱-质谱分析技术（GC—MS）分析了金银花浸膏的挥发性成分,并对其相对含量进行了分析,共鉴定出67种成分,主要为亚油酸甲酯、棕榈酸、十八碳烯酸甲酯、棕榈酸甲酯、亚麻酸甲酯、芳樟醇、棕榈酸乙酯、亚油酸乙酯、亚油酸、肉豆蔻酸、亚麻酸乙酯等。     

SPME-GC-MS分析榴莲果肉中的挥发性成分

为了研究榴莲果肉中的挥发性香气成分,采用两种固相微萃取纤维提取了榴莲果肉中的挥发性成分,并利用气相色谱-质谱联用技术对所得挥发性成分进行了分离与鉴定。采用保留指数和质谱进行定性,共鉴定出60种挥发性成分,其中酯类26种,含硫化合物12种,醇类7种,烃类7种,醛类3种,酸类2种、含氮化合物2种和酚类1种;采用面积归一化法确定了它们相对含量,相对含量较高的是2-甲基丁酸乙酯、丙酸乙酯、1-十四醇、乙酸乙酯、丁酸乙酯、反-2-丁烯酸乙酯、二乙基二硫醚、2-甲基丁酸丙酯、十四醛、乙硫醇。从鉴定出的挥发性成分的香气特征可知,榴莲的香气主要是由酯类化合物和含硫化合物赋予的,其中大多数酯类化合物是脂肪酸乙酯,含硫化合物中硫醇和硫醚的含量相对较高。     

蜂蜡净油挥发性成分的分析和研究

采用气相色谱 质谱联用技术 ,通过质谱库检索并结合保留指数 ,对蜂蜡净油的挥发性成分进行了定性分析 ;同时采用气相色谱技术 ,对其中的大部分挥发性成分进行了定量分析。共检出 75个组分。主要成分为 :1,8 桉树脑 (1.70 % )、芳樟醇 (6 .5 3% )、乙酸芳樟酯 (12 .5 1% )、乙酸松油酯 (1.85 % )、苯乙酸甲酯 (2 .5 9% )、苯乙酸乙酯 (2 .6 0 % )、苯甲醇 (5 .6 7% )、丁酸苯乙酯 (2 .11% )、洋茉莉醛 (1.0 5 % )、苯乙酸 (14 .79% )、香兰素 (8.0 1% )、苯乙酸苄酯 (10 .97% )、肉桂酸苄酯 (2 .5 5 % )等。     

GC/TOF-MS法分析安息香膏的挥发性成分

利用气相色谱-飞行时间质谱,对安息香膏的挥发性成分进行分析,并用峰面积归一化法计算各成分相对含量。通过在两种不同极性色谱柱上的比较试验,确定了适合安息香膏分析的色谱柱条件。通过质谱库检索,辅以参考文献和英文版精油数据库(ESO2006版)比对,解析并确定了精油中的26种组分。极性柱上检出12个组分,主要成分包括苯甲酸苄酯(38.77%)、苯甲醇(37.24%)、苯甲酸(10.81%)、肉桂酸(7.42%)、肉桂酸苄酯(1.64%)、乙基香兰素(1.44%)。弱极性柱上检出25个组分,主要成分包括苯甲酸苄酯(21.83%)、乙基香兰素(19.93%)、肉桂酸(17.09%)、肉桂酸肉桂酯(13.16%)、肉桂酸苄酯(5.16%)、苯甲酸(2.73%)。两种不同极性色谱柱上检测并确认了11种共有组分。     

云南引种大马士革玫瑰精油的GC-MS分析

采用同时蒸馏萃取法制备了大马士革玫瑰精油,用气相色谱-质谱联用仪分析其化学成分,采用标准谱库检索结合自动质谱退卷积定性系统鉴定,结果共鉴定出70余种含量较高的香气成分,其中有17种醇、15种烯烃、13种烷烃、10种醛、8种酯、3种酮、2种酚、1种醚和1种酸。玫瑰精油的主要呈香物质为香茅醇、香叶醇、苯乙醇、合金欢醇、乙酸香茅酯、乙酸香叶酯、石竹烯、甲基丁香酚、丁香酚、芳樟醇、橙花叔醇等香气成分。     

金银花浸膏挥发性成分分析及在卷烟中的应用

采用气相色谱-质谱分析技术(GC-MS)分析了金银花浸膏的挥发性成分和相对含量进行了分析,共鉴定出67种成分,主要为亚油酸甲酯、棕榈酸、十八碳烯酸甲酯、棕榈酸甲酯、亚麻酸甲酯、芳樟醇、棕榈酸乙酯、亚油酸乙酯、亚油酸、肉豆蔻酸、亚麻酸乙酯等。对金银花浸膏在卷烟中进行了添加实验,发现添加了金银花浸膏的卷烟刺激性明显得到降低、烟香更加柔和、具有更好的抽吸口感。     

Identification of adulterants added to beeswax: Estimation of detectable minimum percentages

The minimum percentages of adulteration of pure beeswax from Apis mellifera with three paraffins of different melting points and with cow tallow, stearic acid and carnauba wax that can be detected by gas chromatography with flame ionization detection were established. The concentrations of 93 endogenous beeswax compounds such as aliphatic hydrocarbons, olefins, acids, monoesters, alcohols and hydroxyacids were measured in relation to an internal standard (octadecyl octadecanoate) in mixtures of beeswax with the six adulterants; the variation of the concentrations of the compounds with the adulteration percentage was also studied. Percentages higher than 1–4% of each adulterant can be detected in the mixtures. The added adulterant can be identified by the non‐endogenous beeswax compounds observed in the chromatogram; the changes in the concentrations of some beeswax compounds are also useful to corroborate the identification.     

SDE/GC-MS分析甘草浸膏的挥发性成分

运用同时蒸馏萃取法提取甘草浸膏挥发性成分,采用毛细管气相色谱-质谱联用技术,结合计算机检索对挥发油进行分离和鉴定,色谱峰面积归一化法进行定量分析,同时,进行了卷烟加香试验。结果表明,共鉴定出108种主要成分,占总峰面积的92.2%。甘草的主要成分有:己酸(30.62%)、棕榈酸(13.55%)、己酸乙酯(3.99%)、亚油酸乙酯(3.93%)、11-十六碳烯醛(2.84%)、3-甲基-环戊醇(2.09%)、2-戊基呋喃(1.82%)、1-己醇(1.76%)等;甘草浸膏具有明显降低卷烟刺激性、柔和烟香、提高烟气甜润感等效果。     

炼油厂脱硫尾气组成研究及特征污染物分析

用GC/MS定性分析了某炼油厂脱硫尾气中的有机组分,用气相色谱法和总烃测定仪法对脱硫尾气中总烃和挥发性硫化物浓度分别进行了定量分析.结果表明:脱硫尾气中有机组分主要是烃类和二硫化物;其中非甲烷总烃质量浓度高达1.26×104～1.39×105mg/m3,二甲二硫质量浓度高达2.20×103～2.30 × 104 mg/...     

Identification and Quantification of Single and Multi‐Adulteration of Beeswax by FTIR‐ATR Spectroscopy

Marketing of adulterated beeswax foundation has recently become a major economic problem for beekeepers. Paraffin contamination leads to collapse of combs, and stearic acid has a negative influence on the development of bee brood. The quality of beeswax for beekeeping has not been standardized in EU regulations. Recently, it was shown that attenuated total reflectance Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR‐ATR) can be used to determine beeswax adulteration. Differences in the IR spectra of authentic beeswax can be identified and calculated through comparison with authentic beeswax. In this study, the method is further validated by employing a high number of samples of authentic beeswax from different origins. Low quantification and detection limits are achieved for paraffin, stearic acid, tallow, carnauba wax, and candelilla wax. Furthermore, the FTIR‐ATR analytical conditions are verified by analyzing 358 samples of commercial and beekeeper‐produced beeswax foundations. Multi‐adulterated samples with as many as five different additives in beeswax mixtures are identified with the same accuracy as single substances. Additionally, the spectra of a further 14 different natural and synthetic waxes and hardened fats are analyzed and are compared with beeswax. Finally, a spectral library is established that can be used for further studies. Practical Applications: FTIR‐ATR is a fast and cost‐efficient tool in beeswax analysis for accurately monitoring a high sample volume. Analysis of 358 beeswax foundations showed an adulteration of 21.8% of the samples with paraffin, stearic acid, tallow, and combinations. Based on the results of this study, it is possible to detect beeswax adulteration of less than 3% of these adulterants and their combinations by FTIR‐ATR spectroscopy. This method can be used for monitoring beeswax foundations to identify adulterated materials, exclude these materials from the recycling process, and produce high‐quality beeswax, which is essential for bee health.     

Identification of Components of the Aggregation Pheromone of the Guam Strain of Coconut Rhinoceros Beetle,Oryctes rhinoceros,and Determination of Stereochemistry

The coconut rhinoceros beetle, Oryctes rhinoceros (Linnaeus 1758) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae) (CRB), is endemic to tropical Asia where it damages both coconut and oil palm. A new invasion by CRB occurred on Guam in 2007 and eradication attempts failed using commonly applied Oryctes rhinoceros nudivirus (OrNV) isolates. This and subsequent invasive outbreaks were found to have been caused by a previously unrecognized haplotype, CRB-G, which appeared to be tolerant to OrNV. The male-produced aggregation pheromone of the endemic, susceptible strain of O. rhinoceros (CRB-S) was previously identified as ethyl 4-methyloctanoate. Following reports from growers that commercial lures containing this compound were not attractive to CRB-G, the aim of this work was to identify the pheromone of CRB-G. Initial collections of volatiles from virgin male and female CRB-G adults from the Solomon Islands failed to show any male- or female-specific compounds as candidate pheromone components. Only after five months were significant quantities of ethyl 4-methyloctanoate and 4-methyloctanoic acid produced by males but not by females. No other male-specific compounds could be detected, in particular methyl 4-methyloctanoate, 4-methyl-1-octanol, or 4-methyl-1-octyl acetate, compounds identified in volatiles from some other species of Oryctes. Ethyl 4-methyloctanoate elicited a strong electroantennogram response from both male and female CRB-G, but these other compounds, including 4-methyloctanoic acid, did not. The enantiomers of ethyl 4-methyloctanoate and 4-methyloctanoic acid were conveniently prepared by enzymatic resolution of the commercially-available acid, and the enantiomers of the acid, but not the ester, could be separated by gas chromatography on an enantioselective cyclodextrin phase. Using this approach, both ethyl 4-methyloctanoate and 4-methyloctanoic acid produced by male CRB-G were shown to be exclusively the (R)-enantiomers whereas previous reports had suggested male O. rhinoceros produced the (S)-enantiomers. However, re-examination of the ester and acid produced by male CRB-S from Papua New Guinea showed that these were also the (R)-enantiomers. In field trapping experiments carried out in the Solomon Islands, both racemic and ethyl (R)-4-methyloctanoate were highly attractive to both male and female CRB-G beetles. The (S)-enantiomer and the corresponding acids were only weakly attractive. The addition of racemic 4-methyloctanoic acid to ethyl 4-methyloctanoate did significantly increase attractiveness, but the addition of (R)- or (S)-4-methyloctanoic acid to the corresponding ethyl esters did not. Possible reasons for the difference in assignment of configuration of the components of the CRB pheromone are discussed along with the practical implications of these results.