多项参数可编程的脉冲信号发生器

笔者研制的脉冲信号发生器,可用拨码开关对输出矩形的脉冲的数量、脉宽、占空比和周期编程.只要适当改变电路,该发生器还可以作为带时间显示的分秒制定时电路和周期控制器,能广泛应用于实验室、印刷、纺织、环保设备等场合.电路原理见图示,基本电路由时钟发生器、输出脉冲高/低电平持续期计数器IC1(CC4518)、高/低电平转换电路(门_1～门_5)和脉冲数计数器IC_2(CC4518)构成.     

高速点阵式脉冲喷射发生器的无传感器控制

为提高标识设备关键部件—高速点阵式脉冲喷射发生器的性能以改善喷印效果,在建立喷射器数学模型的基础上,设计了滑模观测器.通过观测器构成反馈系统,在不增加硬件成本的前提下实现对高速脉冲喷射器的无传感器控制,使其能够准确跟踪理想轨迹,降低阀芯与静铁的冲击速度,并消除振动和噪音.实验结果表明,喷射器工作过程中阀芯与定位静铁的冲击速度由开环控制的0.55 m/s降到了闭环控制的0.02 m/s,振动和噪音基本消失,喷射效果明显改善.对钢铁产品进行的喷码实验显示,设计的喷射器的性能可以满足实际生产需要.研究过程为高速脉冲喷射器控制单元的设计提供了理论基础.     

基于8098的可控伪随机序列发生器研究及应用

本文简述伪随机序列发生器的原理结构及其在相关测量和分析中的应用。     

基于无源无线温度传感器的阅读器设计及其研究

研究了基于陶瓷无源无线温度传感器的无线阅读器设计,使其能够从任意方向接收一定频率范围内的温度传感器射频信号并解析为温度数据。陶瓷无源无线温度传感器是一个全新材料科学领域与无线技术领域内的新型传感器,其应答射频信号延时不超过5μs。使用MSP430FG437嵌入式低功耗处理器以及两片CC1101分别作为阅读器的核心处理器和射频信号收发端,该阅读器同时具备发射与接收无线信号的能力,在供应传感器能量的同时也接收一定能量。该硬件平台扩展接口丰富,方便新增ZIGBEE自组网、MODBUS组网等组网通信功能,非常适合某些高温高压非接触式特殊应用场合的温度监测。     

新型参数化脉冲发生器的FPGA设计

随着电子技术的发展,可编程逻辑阵列（FPGA）被广泛应用于工业领域,本文提出了一种参数化脉冲发生器及其在电火花加工中的应用。给出工程设计的框图和部分软件设计思路,论述了新型脉冲发生器的构建,使用的是硬件描述语言HDL编写电路,具有灵活性并可以进行更新。对其结果进行了仿真,可在实际中应用。     

声表面波谐振器型无源无线温度传感器

介绍了一种新型的单端口声表面波谐振器构成的无源无线温度传感器。分析了间歇正弦信号无线激励的单端口声表面波谐振器的响应特性。该响应为幅度衰减的振荡信号，振荡的中心频率为声表面波器件固有频率。设计并构造了高效、快速、较远距离自动无线遥测温度的实验系统，实验系统验证了测量原理的正确性。     

高压开关柜无源无线温度监测系统的研究

根据高压开关柜的特点,本文分析了现有温度监测技术存在的缺陷,提出了以无源无线传感技术为基础的高压开关柜温度监测新方法。采用声表面波谐振器实现无源温度检测,以DSP芯片TMS320F2812为控制处理核心,控制射频信号的发射与接收,温度数据的处理与传输,实现无线温度测量。文中介绍了无源无线测温原理,给出了无源无线温度监测系统软硬件设计的优化方案。实验表明,该系统能对高压开关柜在运行过程中易发热部位的温度进行实时监测,以确保电力高压开关柜的安全可靠运行。     

面向智能电网的无源无线温度传感系统

智能电网的信息化和自动化的实现,首先取决于对电网运行信息的采集技术和传感技术的发展[1]。电网运行中各节点的温度信息作为衡量电网运行安全的重要因素,对其进行实时在线监测势在必行。基于声表面波（SAW）原理的无源无线温度传感系统具有无源无线、实时在线的特点,其势必成为智能电网建设中实现温度监测的重要手段。     

一种基于SAW技术的新型无线无源抄表系统

本文提出一种采用声表面波技术的无源无线自动抄表系统,其基本原理是通过磁性舌簧管把表具的读数转换为与舌簧管电气连接的反射栅的短路和断路状态,利用2种状态下阻抗变化所引起的不同反射性,把表具读数反应到对查询脉冲的反射回波上,通过对接收信号的处理得到表具的实际数值。这种方法与现有的自动抄表技术方式相比,具有减少了布线复杂度,无需电源供电、可无线传输、可工作在较恶劣环境以及自动编码录入等优点。实验结果说明本方法能够有效检测表具的量值。     

Kilovolt Blumlein pulse generator with variable pulse duration and polarity

A Blumlein pulse generator which utilizes the superposition of electrical pulses launched from two individually switched pulse forming lines has been designed and tested. By using a power metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor as a switch on each end of the Blumlein line, we were able to generate pulses with amplitudes of 1 kV across a 100 Omega load. Pulse duration and polarity can be controlled by the temporal delay in the triggering of the two switches. Using this technique, we have demonstrated the generation of pulses with durations between 8 and 60 ns. The lower limit in pulse duration was determined by the switch closing time and the upper limit by the length of the pulse forming line. A further advantage of the concept is that pulse distortions caused by the non-negligible on-resistance of a line with a single switch can be eliminated by using switches with identical characteristics.     

Subnanosecond pulse generator operating with arbitrary load

A subnanosecond pulse generator based on two Blumlein pulse-forming lines (PFL) is investigated. The width of an output pulse of the generator does not depend on its load resistance in contrast to the basic structure of a Blumlein PFL. Therefore, the generator does not need to be matched to load in order to avoid the reflections. The circuit design was simulated by PSPICE simulation software. The reported subnanosecond pulser was made using a microstrip technique. A comparison between measured and simulated results shows good agreement.     

A pulse microwave generator

The tunable generator intended for producing rectangular microwave pulses with a 1-μs duration, 50-Hz pulse repetition rate, and 1-kW power, operating in a frequency range of 2.7–3.7 GHz, is described. The generator can be used for calibrating microwave detectors and tuning microwave units in investigations performed in the area of relativistic microwave electronics.     

A compact nanosecond pulse generator

A compact high-current pulse generator with the amplitude of the load current up to 140 kA and rise time below 200 ns is designed. The basic element of the pulse generator design is the HCEIcap 100–0.2 capacitor switch assembly. The capacitance value of the capacitor switch assembly is 200 nF, the charging voltage is 100 kV, the energy storage is 1000 J, and the full inductance value is 20 nH. The sizes of the active part of the capacitor are 80-mm inner diameter ×160-mm outer diameter ×160 mm. A multigap spark-gap is used as a switch. The rise rate of the current through the load (X-pinch, 2 molybdenum wires with a 25-μm diameter) is 1.3 kA/ns, and the soft X-ray pulse duration is 2.0–3.5 ns.     

An ultrawideband Gigawatt pulse generator

An ultrawideband pulse generator consists of a bipolar voltage pulse generator, a four-channel power divider, and a flat (2×2) equally spaced equal-amplitude antenna array. Characteristics of the ultrawide-band radiation at the excitation of the antenna array by bipolar pulses with a±200-kV voltage amplitude, ≈3.5-ns duration, and 100-Hz pulse repetition rate are given. The peak power of the vertically polarized radiation is 1.3 GW.     

A compact subnanosecond high-voltage bipolar pulse generator with spark gaps

Two modifications of the compact subnanosecond high-voltage bipolar pulse generator with an active unit based on a high-impedance charging line, forming line, and two uncontrolled nitrogen spark gaps without gas purging are studied. In both cases, the forming lines are charged with compression of the energies of incident pulses with a ∼160-kV amplitude, a ∼4-ns duration, and a ∼1.5-ns leading edge. The difference of operation modes of the circuits and their efficiency are specified by a point of connecting the load. In conditions of nanosecond prebreakdown overvoltage at a 100-Hz repetition rate, the spark gaps were energized with a relative scatter of ±(100–170) ps, thus specifying the stability of the shape of output bipolar pulses with a voltage difference up to 250 kV.     

一种可控高速脉冲波形合成技术研究

本文提出一种基于沿发生及沿合成原理的高速脉冲波形合成技术。该技术通过精确控制脉冲上升沿和下降沿的定时发生,实现脉冲宽度和信号延迟的高分辨率;通过计数器与可编程延迟器件的合理搭配,实现脉宽和延迟的大范围调整;同时控制触发模块的时钟频率,可方便地调整脉冲或脉冲序列的重复频率,并最终实现高速脉冲波形的合成。文章论述了该技术的基本原理,给出了设计实例和测试结果。     

High voltage ultrawide band pulse generator using Blumlein pulse forming line

A high voltage ultrawide band pulse generation system has been developed to radiate intense and ultrawide band electric fields for the examination of effects of the electric fields on the operation of electronic devices. As major components of the system, a helical strip∕wire type of air-cored pulse transformer and a triaxial type of Blumlein pulse forming line have been designed and fabricated to amplify and shape the output pulse, respectively. For the construction of a compact system, the pulse transformer and the Blumlein line are installed in a single cylindrical container. An ultrawide band TEM horn antenna has been fabricated to radiate the Blumlein output pulses to electronic devices. A number of experimental results demonstrate that the system is capable of providing an output pulse whose voltage is greater than 300 kV, pulse duration is ~5 ns, and rise time is ~500 ps with repetition rate of 10 Hz. The peak-to-peak value of electric field intensity of a radiated pulse is also measured to be approximately 42 kV/m at a distance of 10 m away from the antenna.     

手摇脉冲发生器鉴相及脉冲计数的软件实现

介绍手摇脉冲发生器的工作原理,详细讨论了用软件方式实现手摇脉冲发生器鉴相和脉冲计数的基本方法,给出了上位控制程序以及下层中断服务程序的流程图。