关于促进我国住房抵押贷款证券化的思考

我国住房抵押贷款证券化的试点已正式启动,住房抵押贷款证券化对促进直接融资发展和金融市场完善具有重要意义。为了加快住房抵押贷款证券化在中国的推进,本文建议推进住房贷款品种方式的多样化和标准化,积极防范住房抵押贷款证券化的政策和法律风险、提前偿付风险和违约风险,进一步明确住房抵押贷款证券的性质,建立住房抵押贷款证券的风险定价标杆,打造完善住房抵押贷款证券的市场平台。     

住房抵押贷款证券化探析

住房抵押贷款证券化作为完善住房抵押贷款制度的一项重要措施 ,在发展我国住宅产业现代化中的作用日益重要。本文首先分析了抵押贷款证券化产生的必要性 ,进而分析了其现实可行性 ,最后再对其操作进行了初步探析 ,以期对实际操作过程中出现的问题提出建议     

让住房金融走进住房市场

住房金融是对与住房的生产和消费过程中有关的货币资金的筹集、融通、借贷、结算等各种信用活动的总称。住房市场的发展离不开住房金融的支持 ,大力发展住房金融是发展住房市场、深化住房制度改革的必然要求。然而 ,由于我国住房金融业刚刚起步 ,与世界发达国家住房金融业相比还有很大差距 ,要使住房金融真正走进住房市场 ,为住房市场的发展提供优质的金融配套服务 ,还有很长的路要走。为此 ,笔者对住房金融如何更好地服务于住房市场谈几点看法。一、实行住房抵押贷款证券化住房抵押贷款证券化是指银行等金融机构发放住房抵押贷款后 ,对抵押…     

推行住房抵押贷款证券化的分析

本文通过对于在我国推行住房抵押贷款证券化的必要性、可行性和现实性的分析和探讨 ,还对证券化的运作机制构造了一个模式 ,并对我国的现状提出一些要求 ,所有这些 ,使我们有理由相信 ,随着经济的发展 ,住房抵押贷款证券化最终会在我国发展起来。     

我国住房抵押贷款证券化探析

随着我国住房产业的发展 ,住房抵押贷款的规模迅速扩大 ,实行住房抵押贷款证券化势在必行。分析了现阶段我国实行住房抵押贷款的必要性与可行性 ,并提出了试点实施住房抵押贷款证券化模式的构想     

住房抵押贷款证券化透视

本文回顾了住房抵押贷款证券化的起源和发展，从目前我国房地产界和金融界的现状出发，指出在我国推行住房抵押贷款证券化的必要性，并对住房抵押贷款证券化在中国的操作模式以及所需的法律支持进行了分析。     

发达国家的住房抵押贷款

他山之石,可以攻玉。本文试图介绍美国、加拿大、英国、德四、日本等发达国家的住房抵押贷款制度,以期对逐步建立起适合我国国情的住房抵押贷款制度。有所借鉴。 1 美国住房抵押贷款 美国的住房抵押贷款十分发达,方式多样而灵活。 1.1 美国住房抵押贷款的主要方式 1.1.1 可调整抵押贷款 这种贷款的放贷金融机构,可以根据市场利率上升而相应的按规定的公开指数调整,而且还可以调整每期付款的金额或还款期限,但要在调整之前30至45天内通知借款人。借款人可以接受新的贷款条件,也可以另筹资金,提前偿还贷款本息。 1.1.2 可变利率抵押贷款     

广州市住宅抵押贷款证券化模式研究

本文借鉴发达国家住宅抵押贷款证券化的常见模式 ,提出了适应我国社会经济体制的广州市住房抵押贷款证券的发行主体模式、担保模式、监管模式以及证券化的基本程序与亟待解决的若干问题     

激活住宅产业的一项有效措施

针对我国房改及房地产市场的实际情况 ,指出住房抵押贷款证券化是激活住宅产业的有效措施。     

住房抵押贷款中存在的问题与对策

近几年，我国的个人住房抵押贷款业务呈快速上升态势，但是随着贷款规模的进一步扩大，个人住房抵押贷款中存在的问题也日益暴露出来。笔者在综合分析我固住房抵押贷款中存在的问题的基础上，针对还款方式单一、个人住房抵押贷款保险不完善以及个人信用体系不健全这三个主要问题进行重点分析，在借鉴其他固家先进经验的基础上，提出了相应的对策和措施：抵押贷款还款方式多样化、建立和完善个人住房抵押贷款保险制度、建立规范的社会共享的个人征信系统以及实现个人住房贷款证券化。以期使我固住房抵押贷款走上健康发展的道路。     

Rate constants of reactions of ozone with organic and inorganic compounds in water—III. Inorganic compounds and radicals

Second-order rate constants for reactions of ozone with 40 inorganic aqueous solutes are reported. Included are compounds of sulfur (e.g. H₂S, H₂SO₃, HOCH₂SO₃H), chlorine (e.g. Cl⁻, HOCl, NH₂Cl, HClO₂, ClO₂), bromine (e.g. Br⁻, HOBr), nitrogen (e.g. NH₃, NH₂OH, N₂O, HNO₂) and oxygen (e.g. H₂O₂), as well as free radicals (e.g. O₂⁻, OH^•). Most of these compounds exhibit an increase in rate constant with increasing pH corresponding to their degree of dissociation. Rate constants are based on ozone consumption rates measured by conventional batch-type or continuous-flow methods (10⁻³-10⁺⁶ M⁻¹ s⁻¹ range) and determinations of stoichiometric factors. Also listed are data determined by pulse-irradiation techniques using kinetic spectroscopy (10¹⁰ M⁻¹ s⁻¹ range). Additional literature data are reviewed for completeness. Results are discussed with respect to water treatment and environmental processes.     

Behavior of alkylphenol polyethoxylate metabolites during soil aquifer treatment

The attenuation of alkylphenol polyethoxylates (APEOs) metabolites was studied at a soil aquifer treatment (SAT) site located in Arizona, USA. Two parcels of water were monitored during infiltration; one parcel was predominantly oxic while the other was predominantly anoxic. In this study, only alkylphenol ethoxycarboxylates (APECs) and carboxyalkylphenol ethoxycarboxylates (CAPECs) were detected, no short-chained APEOs were observed-even under anoxic conditions. APEO metabolites were rapidly (<7 days) removed under both aerobic and anoxic conditions. In general, the length of the ethoxycarboxylate chain decreases with depth--at depths greater than 3m, only alkylphenoxy acetic acids (AP1ECs), carboxyalkylphenoxy acetic acids (CAP1ECs), and alkylphenols (APs) remain. Under aerobic conditions, octylphenol and nonylphenol concentrations decreased by approximately 80% (w/w) within 3m of the ground surface. Under anoxic conditions however, alkylphenol concentrations increased by approximately 200% during the first 1.5m and then decreased during the next 1.5m; overall, under anoxic conditions, alkylphenol concentrations increased by approximately 38% within 3m. During infiltration, APEC and CAPEC concentrations decrease by more than 95% within 3m of SAT. Alternate flooding and drying cycles appear to enhance overall APEO metabolite removal efficiencies.     

Removal of VUV pre-treated natural organic matter by biologically activated carbon columns

A potential alternative water treatment process using VUV (185 nm+254 nm) irradiation followed by a biological treatment is described. The system uses sufficient VUV radiation (16J cm(-2)) to significantly enhance the production of biologically degradable moieties prior to treatment with biologically activated carbon (BAC). Two similar activated carbons were used, one virgin and one taken from a water treatment plant with an established biofilm. The VUV-BAC process decreased the overall dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration of a natural water sample by 54% and 44% for the virgin carbon and previously used BAC, respectively. Furthermore, VUV-BAC treatment decreased the trihalomethane (THM) formation potential (THMFP) by 60-70% and the haloacetic acid (HAA) formation potential (HAAFP) by 74%. The BAC systems effectively removed the hydrogen peroxide residual produced by VUV irradiation. Although nitrite formation can result from VUV treatment of natural organic matter (NOM), none was detected before or after BAC treatment.     

750kV GIS中金属氧化物避雷器对VFTO影响的研究

随着超高压气体绝缘变电站(GIS)的广泛使用,由隔离开关(DS)和断路器(CB)操作引起的快速暂态过电压(VFTO)的危害越加明显。以西北地区750 kV官亭GIS变电站为计算原型,利用电磁暂态程序(EMTP)对不同运行方式下GIS设备上的VFTO进行数值仿真计算和分析。重点在于对不同运行方式下金属氧化物避雷器(MOA)的限制过电压效果进行分析。计算结果表明:DS无分合闸电阻时,MOA防护效果更明显;MOA主要的抑制效果体现在MOA附近的设备上,对于远离MOA的设备上的VFTO的抑制效果较小;由于VFTO持续的时间极短,通过MOA的能量很小。     

Formation of disinfection by-products in indoor swimming pool water: the contribution from filling water natural organic matter and swimmer body fluids

The contribution and role of different precursors in the formation of three class of disinfection by-products (DBPs) [trihalomethanes (THMs), haloacetic acids (HAAs), and halonitromethanes (HNMs)] in swimming pool waters were examined using filling waters obtained from five drinking water treatment plant (WTP) effluents and three body fluid analogs (BFAs). BFAs exerted higher chlorine demands as compared to natural organic matter (NOM) in filling waters. BFAs exhibited higher HAA formation potentials than THM formation potentials, while the opposite was observed for the filling water NOM. There was no appreciable difference in the HNM formation potentials of BFAs and filling water NOM. Different components in the BFAs tested exhibited different degree and type of DBP formation. Citric acid had significantly higher THM and HAA yields than other BFA components. The effect of temperature was greater on THM formation, whereas the effect of contact time had more impact on HAA formation. Experiments with filling waters collected from WTP effluents at three different times showed more variability in HAA than THM formation at the WTPs studied.     

膨润土对重金属离子Pb~(2+),Zn~(2+),Cr(VI),Cd~(2+)的吸附性能

试验研究了pH值、吸附时间和吸附剂用量对膨润土吸附重金属离子Pb2 ,Zn2 ,Cr(VI)和Cd2 的影响.结果表明,在本试验的pH值、吸附时间及吸附剂用量条件下,膨润土对Pb2 ,Zn2 ,Cd2 的吸附效果均优于其对Cr(VI)的吸附效果;pH值是影响上述吸附的重要因素,离子交换和表面络合是上述吸附的主要形式.     

聚硅铁混凝去除腐殖酸的研究

考察了聚硅铁(PSF)对腐殖酸(HA)的去除效果及影响因素,并与聚合硫酸铁(PFS)、硫酸铁[Fe_2(SO_4)_3]进行了比较.结果表明,当5相似文献   

集料碱活性检测方法评述

集料碱活性检测是预防碱集料反应(AAR)的重要措施。针对检测方法及其标准的建立,人们做了大量的研究工作。本文重点介绍了RILEM标准中检测集料AAR活性的方法及综合运用各种检测方法对集料进行检测的过程,同时对RILEM标准、ASTM标准、CSA标准中集料碱活性检测方法进行了比较。     

An energy-based partial pushdown analysis procedure for assessment of disproportionate collapse potential

A disproportionate (or progressive) collapse is triggered by localized structural damage that propagates throughout a large portion of a structural system. The current guidelines issued by the US Department of Defense use the alternative path method to assess the vulnerability of a structural system to disproportionate collapse. In this method, the capability of a structure to sustain local damage is evaluated by notionally removing primary load-bearing elements and checking whether the local damage can be absorbed. The assessment can be performed using linear or nonlinear static structural models or a nonlinear dynamic model. Although nonlinear dynamic analysis gives the most accurate results, it is computationally intensive and requires considerable skill to implement properly. In this paper, the vulnerability of three steel frames to disproportionate collapse is assessed using an energy-based nonlinear static pushdown analysis. The predictions are sufficiently close to the results of a nonlinear dynamic time history analysis that the method would be useful for disproportionate collapse-resistant design of buildings with regular steel framing systems.     

Synthesis and characterisation of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)

ABSTRACT

Carbon nanotubes are one of the major research areas in the field of nanotechnology, due to its mechanical and electro-conductive properties in the field of engineering and medical sciences. This paper focuses on preparation of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) for the mass production using thermal catalytic chemical vapour deposition method. The synthesis of MWCNTs was made by breakdown of acetylene (C₂H₂) gas and Fe/MgO acting as catalyst. The surface morphology and structure of MWCNTs were characterised by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Also phase identification and crystalline size of the nanopowder were determined by XRD. The particle size of MWCNTs was verified by SEM analysis and it was in the range of 20–30?nm and elemental analysis was carried out through energy dispersive analysis X-ray. Furthermore, thermal decomposition of the material property was studied by thermogravimetric analysis.