高抗冲导热绝缘PC/PE/Al2O3复合材料的制备与性能

以氧化铝(Al<,2>O<,3>)、线性低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)和聚乙烯接枝马来酸酐(PE-g-MAH)熔融共混挤出得到Al<,2>O<,3>导热绝缘母粒,然后再与聚碳酸酯(PC)熔融挤出的母料法(两步法)制得高抗冲导热绝缘PC俩/Al<,2>O<,3>(PE为LLDPE与PE-g-MAH)复合材料.探讨了相容刑种类...     

挤压温度对等径角挤压碳纳米管增强AZ31镁基复合材料显微组织的影响

为了获得等径角挤压碳纳米管增强镁基复合材料的最佳挤压温度参数,在不同温度下,采用模角为90°的模具对经退火处理后的碳纳米管增强AZ31镁基复合材料进行了一道次的等径角挤压实验.结果表明:在不同温度下,CNTs/AZ31镁基复合材料经过一道次的等通道角挤压后, 复合材料中有大量的超细晶粒出现.复合材料在220℃挤压时可以得到表面光滑的完整试样,有利于实现多道次的挤压,同时晶粒也得到了较好的细化效果.     

等径角挤压道次对SiC_p/Al复合材料显微组织的影响

为改善超高强度SiCp/Al复合材料的塑性,以Bc路径对喷射沉积SiCp/7090Al（SiC颗粒体积分数15%,名义尺寸10μm）复合材料进行等径角挤压变形,研究了复合材料显微组织和力学性能的演变规律.结果表明：经过4个道次变形后,获得等轴晶粒,尺寸大约为400 nm;SiC颗粒在剪切应力作用下被破碎,尺寸约2μm;...     

等径角挤压对Al-Cu-Mg-Ag合金组织性能的影响

为研究大塑形变形对耐热铝合金的作用,采用铸冶金工艺制备了新型的Al-Cu-Mg-Ag耐热铝合金,通过显微组织观察、差热分析及硬度测试等方法,研究了等径角挤压对耐热铝合金显微组织与力学性能的影响.结果表明:通过对挤压态的Al-Cu-Mg-Ag耐热铝合金在固溶淬火后时效前进行等径角挤压变形,可获得晶粒尺寸低于2μm的块体超...     

等径角挤压Cu-10%Cr合金过程塑性EI

等径角挤压(EACP)能够制备具有超细晶粒的致密材料,而且其材料具有优良的机械性能.所以,等径角挤压是目前材料研究的热点之一.在本文中,建立了Eshelby等效夹杂方法的模型,并采用有限元方法对Cu-10%Cr合金的等径角挤压过程进行了模拟.研究了等径角为90°和120°时的两种模型,并对两种模型中材料的等效应变分布,瞬时应变和变形形状变化,以及截面硬度分布进行了分析.研究结果表明,等径角为120°的模型中材料的应变分布比等径角为90°的模型更加均匀;此外,两种模型中材料的硬度分布与应变分布具有较强的联系,等径角为90°的模型中,材料具有较高的硬度值和更加剧烈的硬度变化.两模型硬度最大值差别达到了8.5%.     

等径角挤压Cu-10%Cr合金过程塑性

等径角挤压(EACP)能够制备具有超细晶粒的致密材料,而且其材料具有优良的机械性能.所以,等径角挤压是目前材料研究的热点之一.在本文中,建立了Eshelby等效夹杂方法的模型,并采用有限元方法对Cu-10%Cr合金的等径角挤压过程进行了模拟.研究了等径角为90°和120°时的两种模型,并对两种模型中材料的等效应变分布,瞬时应变和变形形状变化,以及截面硬度分布进行了分析.研究结果表明,等径角为120°的模型中材料的应变分布比等径角为90°的模型更加均匀;此外,两种模型中材料的硬度分布与应变分布具有较强的联系,等径角为90°的模型中,材料具有较高的硬度值和更加剧烈的硬度变化.两模型硬度最大值差别达到了8.5%.     

退火处理等径角挤压7090/SiCp复合材料的显微组织与断裂行为

采用喷射沉积工艺制备了SiCp/Al-Zn-Mg-Cu超高强铝合金基复合材料,通过等径角挤压工艺对挤压后的复合材料试样进行了大塑性变形。研究了不同退火处理制度对等径角挤压试样室温力学性能及显微组织的影响,观察了不同状态的断裂特征,结果表明,退火处理后,等径角挤压试样发生韧性断裂,断口出现大量的韧窝,韧窝底部存在一定量等径角剪切破碎产生的细小SiC粒子。同时该复合材料等径角挤压后的力学性能及断裂行为与退火处理制度有关,随着退火温度的升高,复合材料的室温拉伸强度逐渐增大,但其塑性逐渐降低。SiC增强颗粒与Al合金基体之间的界面结合力较小,在拉伸过程中以拔出的形式为主。     

Al-2O-3sf/AZ91D-Y镁基复合材料二次重熔及等温压缩研究

为了推动半固态加工在镁基复合材料成形中的应用,采用液态浸渗法制备出体积分数为10%的Al2O3sf/AZ91D-Y镁基复合材料,并采用等径道角挤压对镁基复合材料进行了形变诱导。再对镁基复合材料进行了二次重熔,并采用等温压缩实验对镁基复合材料在半固态下的力学性能进行了研究。研究表明:在550℃和560℃时延长保温时间有利于组织的球化,在560℃比550℃时,更加能促进晶粒的结晶球化;在相同的应变速率下,压缩变形时的峰值应力随着加热温度升高而降低;在相同的加热温度下,应变速率越大,峰值应力越大。     

镁合金ZK60-RE半固态坯的微观组织演变

采用常规铸造法和等径道角挤压分别制备了镁合金ZK60-RE半固态坯;用金相显微镜研究了2种半固态坯料在等温热处理过程中的微观组织演变.结果表明:与传统铸造方法制备的半固态坯相比,采用等径道角挤压制备的半固态坯的晶粒细小、圆整,适合于半固态成形.在等温热处理过程中,2种坯料晶粒粗化的机制是合并长大和Ostwald长大.铸...     

等径道角 挤压工艺对铸态 AZ91D 镁合金组织的影响

目的介绍等径道角挤压的原理及其对铸态AZ91D镁合金的组织产生的作用。方法通过确定的试验工艺参数,对AZ91D镁合金进行了等径道角挤压变形试验。使用金相显微镜和扫描电镜(SEM),对变形前后的材料进行了显微组织的观察。结果通过进行ECAE挤压后,AZ91D镁合金中的黑色共晶相(Mg17Al12)产生了回溶,在机械剪切和动态再结晶的综合作用下,晶粒得到了细化。结论通过等径道角挤压,能明显改善铸态AZ91D镁合金的组织。     

Mg–3Zn–0.5Zr/HA nanocomposites fabricated by high shear solidification and equal channel angular extrusion

Magnesium alloy matrix and hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticle reinforced composites for biomedical applications were fabricated by combined high shear solidification and equal channel angular extrusion (ECAE). The high shear treatment was performed immediately prior to casting at 680°C using a rotor–stator mechanism. The as-cast composite ingots were processed by ECAE at 300°C to various strains. The high shear treatment effectively reduced HA particle agglomeration and produced a fine grain structure for all HA contents. ECAE processing resulted in further grain refinement and an improved HA particle distribution, with the formation of a desirable HA dispersion. The composites with 3–5 wt-% HA displayed an optimum combination of strength and ductility, with a yield strength of 150–210?MPa and compressive reductions of 9～13% before fracture.     

Microstructure and Properties of Al-6061 Alloy by Equal Channel Angular Extrusion for 16 Passes

The experimental researches on Equal Channel Angular Extrusion (ECAE) process of commercial available Al-6061 alloy were conducted and the grain refinement after ECAE processing was investigated. Sixteen passes of ECAE processing at room temperature were conducted and the relationship of grain refinement with extrusion pass was established. The property enhancements after ECAE processing including ultimate tensile strength and Vickers microhardness were investigated to determine the effects of the number of ECAE passes on the mechanical properties of the extruded samples. The research presents a whole picture of ECAE processing of the alloy for up to 16 passes.     

Mechanical Behavior Enhancement of AM60/Al2O3p Magnesium Metal–Matrix Nanocomposites by ECAE

The effect of equal channel angular extrusion (ECAE) on the mechanical behavior of AM60/Al₂O_3p magnesium metal–matrix nanocomposites was investigated. ECAE is a useful technique to produce bulk nanostructured materials through severe plastic deformation. The present magnesium metal–matrix composites (Mg MMCs) with 1 wt% nanosized Al₂O₃ particles for ECAE were fabricated using stir-casting method. The significantly enhanced mechanical behavior of AM60/Al₂O_3p magnesium metal–matrix nanocomposites at room temperature, for instance, yield strength (YS), ultimate tensile strength (UTS), and ductility, can be obtained after ECAE process. The AM60/Al₂O_3p MMC after 4 passes of ECAE exhibited greater YS, UTS, and ductility (+135%, +107%, and +245% increase, respectively) than those of as-cast AM60. Experimental results show that the AM60/1wt %Al₂O_3p MMC after 4 passes of ECAE exhibits the superior mechanical behavior.     

铝粉烧结材料等通道转角挤压组织性能演变

对不同路径和不同道次下铝粉烧结材料的等通道转角挤压工艺进行了试验研究,用光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜和透射电镜分析了粉末烧结材料在不同工艺条件下的晶粒细化规律和致密行为,并测量了挤压后试样的密度和硬度等性能.结果表明,等通道转角挤压工艺对粉末烧结材料具有很强的致密效果和细化效果,可显著提高其力学性能.在单道次变形中,大剪切塑性变形和高静水压力状态是粉末烧结材料获得良好的致密效果的关键;在多道次变形中,变形量的累积和不同的剪切特征不断地改变内部的孔隙形状,使内部基体材料进一步致密.而晶粒的细化效果则取决于变形中的静水压力、变形量和剪切特征等关键因素.     

Effects of ECAE temperature and billet orientation on the microstructure,texture evolution and mechanical properties of a Mg–Zn–Y–Zr alloy

Single-pass equal channel angular extrusion (ECAE) experiments of an extruded Mg–Zn–Y–Zr alloy with an intense initial basal texture were performed in two inter-perpendicular billet orientations and at 473 and 623 K. The study was aimed to determine the effects of ECAE temperature and billet orientation on the microstructure, texture evolution and mechanical properties of the ECAEed alloy. It was found that the grain refinement achieved through the single-pass ECAE in the Orient-I billet orientation (the normal direction (ND) of the extruded plate parallel with the ECAE exit direction) was more effective than that in the Orient-II billet orientation (the ND of the extruded plate perpendicular to the ECAE exit direction). The average grain sizes after ECAE at 473 K were much smaller than those after ECAE at 623 K. The pole figures of the alloy ECAEed at 473 K showed that most of the basal planes in the Orient-I and Orient-II samples were inclined about 40° and 35°, respectively, with respect to the longitudinal direction of the ECAE extrudate. However, for the alloy ECAEed at 623 K, most of the basal planes were parallel with the longitudinal direction of the ECAE extrudate. It was remarkable that the yield strengths of the alloy ECAEed at 473 K were lower than those at 623 K. The peculiar relationship between ECAE temperature and the mechanical properties of the alloy was ascribed to the texture evolution during ECAE.     

Microstructure and texture of copper/niobium composites processed by ECAE

The structure refinement is a challenge for conductors used for the winding of resistive coils producing non-destructive pulsed magnetic fields over 80T. These nanocomposite conductors composed of a conducting multiscale Cu matrix embedding Nb reinforcing nanofilaments are usually manufactured by using a Severe Plastic Deformation (SPD) process based on hot extrusion, accumulative cold drawing and bundling (ADB) steps [Thilly et al. Philos Mag A 82:925, 2002]. Equal-channel angular extrusion (ECAE) is investigated here as an alternative route since it may provide faster refinement to obtain the ultrafine structure needed for optimized electrical and mechanical properties of the conductors. Therefore, copper-niobium specimens obtained by hot extrusion were processed by ECAE at room temperature. The specific die of the ECAE tool used here is constituted by a round channel with three angles corresponding to a total equivalent strain of about 2.5. Deformed samples were examined by optical microscopy and characterized by hardness profiles and x-ray diffraction (texture pole figures). After one ECAE-pass, the shape of the samples is modified but no trace of damage appeared at the Cu-Nb interfaces. An increase of the hardness values localized in the copper matrix is revealed whereas the hardness of the niobium remains unchanged. Prior to ECAE, the hot extrusion process induced a fibre texture for both copper and niobium. Two fibre texture components were observed for copper: <111> and <200>. A single <110> fibre texture component is evidenced for the niobium. After ECAE a significant variation of the texture is observed in relation with the strong shear induced by this process.     

Quasi-static and dynamic mechanical properties of commercial-purity tungsten processed by ECAE at low temperatures

In this work, we have processed commercial purity tungsten (W) via different routes of equal-channel angular extrusion (ECAE) at temperatures as low as 600 °C. We have systematically evaluated the quasi-static and dynamic compressive behaviors of the processed W. Quasi-static compression tests were performed using an MTS hydro-servo system at room temperature. It is observed that samples ECAE processed at 800 °C show higher yield and flow stresses than those processed at other temperatures; no obvious strain hardening is observed in the quasi-static stress–strain curves. Quasi-static strain rate jump tests show that the strain rate sensitivity of ECAE W is in the range of 0.02 to 0.03, smaller than that of coarse-grained W. Uni-axial dynamic compressive tests were performed using the Kolsky bar (or split-Hopkinson pressure bar, SHPB) system. Post-loading SEM observations revealed that under dynamic compression, the competition between cracking at pre-existing extrinsic surface defects, grain boundaries, and uniform plastic deformation of the individual grains control the overall plastic deformation of the ECAE W. The existence of flow softening under dynamic loading has been established for all of the ECAE W specimens.     

Nanoparticle consolidation using equal channel angular extrusion at room temperature

In the present work, we demonstrate the use of equal channel angular extrusion (ECAE) for the consolidation of metallic nanoparticles at room temperature as a bottom up approach to fabricating nanocrystalline (NC) metals. Three different initial average particle sizes of pure copper were used: −325 mesh micron size particles, 130 nm and 100 nm nanoparticles. The processing work was divided into three major stages (Stages I–III), depending on the powder filling procedure used prior to ECAE, to investigate the effect of processing parameters such as extrusion rate and ECAE route, powder filling environment, and hydrostatic pressure on the final performance of the consolidates. Microstructure of the consolidates and monotonic mechanical behavior were determined at room temperature. The Stage I experiments revealed what can materials, ECAE routes and range of extrusion rates to use for achieving near full density consolidates. In Stages II and III, the effect of initial compact density on the resulting mechanical behavior was investigated. It was found that the prior compaction is helpful in breaking down the initial nanoparticle agglomerates and achieving high tensile strength and ductility levels in the ECAE consolidates. Tensile strength as high as 800 MPa and tensile ductility as high as 7% were achieved in 100 nm Cu particle consolidates, which were more than 1.5 cm in diameter and 10 cm in length, with a bimodal grain size distribution in the range of 50–100 nm and 300 nm–600 nm. ECAE was also used to consolidate 316 L stainless steel nanoparticles resulting in bulk samples with tensile strength of 1180 MPa and 4% ductility. The present study shows that ECAE can be a feasible method for fabricating bulk NC materials with all dimensions in the centimeter range. Future work is needed to further optimize the processing parameters for improving the ductility level further and controlling the grain size distribution.     

Effect of severe plastic deformation on tensile properties and impact toughness of two-phase Zn–40Al alloy

Tensile properties and impact toughness of the severe plastically deformed Zn–40Al alloy were investigated. The material billets were subjected to equal-channel angular extrusion (ECAE). After processing, elongation to failure increased significantly with the increasing number of ECAE passes. ECAE also increased the strength levels after one pass, however, they were reduced with the higher number of passes. The observed softening of the alloy upon multiple ECAE passes was shown to be due to the deformation-induced homogenization and the continuous change in the composition of the constituting phases with the number of passes. In addition, the volume fraction of the hard phase decreased due to dissolution and/or breakage. The impact toughness of the alloy was improved by multi-pass ECAE due to the significant increase in ductility. These findings demonstrate that multi-pass ECAE effectively transforms brittle Zn–Al cast alloys into tougher materials with ductile fracture behavior.     

等径道角挤压对Mg-6Al合金性能的影响

为了优化铸态Mg-6Al合金等径道角挤压的工艺参数,通过等径道角挤压实验研究了工艺参数对其性能的影响.研究表明:等径道角挤压可大幅度提高Mg-6Al合金坯料的力学性能.当Mg-6Al合金挤压1道次至4道次后,其力学性能提高较大,微观组织明显细化.随挤压温度从260℃升高至300℃,被挤压坯料的力学性能先提高后降低.当挤压路径为路径B,挤压道次为4道次,挤压温度为300℃时,Mg-6Al合金的力学性能最高,其抗拉强度为308.2 MPa,延伸率达到30.6%.