The Thermal Decomposition of Ammonium Perchlorate Doped with Cu+2 and Mn+2

The thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate doped with Cu⁺² and Mn⁺² was studied, using DTA and TGA. Small concentrations (0.1 ? 0.01%) of these ions inhibit the decomposition by eliminating the first exotherm. At higher concentrations a catalyzed decomposition is observed. Either the influence of doping ions on the mechanism of the thermal decomposition is different from that of added oxides or a modification of the electron transfer mechanism is needed.     

Photocatalytic Performance of Nitrogen‐Doped and Cu2+ and Ag+ Co‐Doped Sodium Trititanate

Nano‐sized (i) N‐doped sodium trititanate and (ii) N and Cu²⁺ (Ag⁺) co‐doped sodium trititanates CuTi₃NO_6?x (Ag₂Ti₃NO_6?x) were prepared by a solid‐state and ion‐exchange methods, respectively. The materials were characterized by EDS, PXRD, XPS, FESEM, TEM, UV–visible DRS, and Raman spectroscopy. All the materials were crystallized in monoclinic lattice with P21/m space group. The bandgap energy of all the samples was deduced from their UV–visible DRS profiles. Visible‐light‐induced photocatalytic oxidation of the methylene blue (MB) and methyl orange (MO), cyclohexene and phenol, was examined. The Ag⁺ co‐doped trititanate exhibited the highest photocatalytic activity among the materials investigated.     

DBSA掺杂聚苯胺的制备、表征及其导电性

采用过硫酸铵(APS)为氧化剂在十二烷基苯磺酸(DBSA)微胶束中化学氧化制备纳米棒状聚苯胺;DBSA既起乳化剂也起掺杂剂的作用。制备的掺杂聚苯胺用红外光谱(FTIR)、紫外光谱(UV-vis)、X-射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电镜(SEM)进行了表征;透射电镜(TEM)下首次观察到了聚苯胺的有序排列结构,晶面间距为5.99 Å。考察了掺杂剂/苯胺、氧化剂/苯胺的摩尔比和反应温度、时间等对聚苯胺电导率影响,最高电导率达到了0.72 S/cm。透射电镜怎能看到5.99     

掺杂无机纳米粒子PVA复合改性香精微胶囊壁性能研究

采用原位聚合法, 以掺杂了金属Fe3+、Zr4+、Ce4+的二氧化钛（TiO2）纳米粒子及TiO2纳米粒子填充聚乙烯醇（PVA）改性三聚氰胺甲醛树脂（MF）为微胶囊复合壁材,橙花精油为芯材,制备了掺杂TiO2纳米粒子填充PVA改性囊壁的相变微胶囊。采用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪、热失重分析仪、扫描电子显微镜和透射电子显微镜研究了掺杂TiO2纳米粒子对微胶囊力学性能、热性能及表面形态的影响。结果表明,当囊壁中均匀地加入掺杂纳米TiO2后,芯材释放速率减小;当壁材中Fe3+掺杂纳米TiO2含量为0.5 %（质量分数,下同）时,微胶囊的破损率为18.1 %,芯材的10 d释放速率为4.5 %。     

Fe~(3+)掺杂TiO_2薄膜材料的制备与光催化性能研究

以载玻片为基材,通过溶胶-凝胶技术制备Fe3+离子掺杂的TiO2薄膜。采用甲基橙作为目标降解物,研究Fe3+掺杂薄膜的光催化活性,采用X-射线衍射、扫描电镜和紫外-可见光吸收谱等技术对薄膜相关特征进行了表征。研究表明,当Fe/Ti物质量比为0.25%时,光催化活性最高。经500℃焙烧2h制备TiO2薄膜具有锐钛矿结构,TiO2粒子大小均匀,有孔隙结构。掺杂Fe3+使薄膜TiO2粒子减小,孔隙率增加,而粒子粒径分布不均匀增加,且吸收强度增加吸收边有一定的红移。     

Cu~(2+)掺杂SnO_2纳米晶的水热制备与表征

以SnC l4.5H2O、CuSO4.5H2O为原料,NaOH为碱源,通过水热法直接制备Cu2+掺杂SnO2纳米晶,并利用X-射线衍射仪(XRD)和透射电镜(TEM)对所得晶体的晶相、微观形貌进行表征。XRD表明纳米晶体系为四方相金红石型SnO2,TEM表明掺杂Cu2+的SnO2纳米晶为球形结构且掺杂体系的粒径有明显降低。     

Synthesis, Characterization and Effects of Citric Acid and PVA on Magnetic Properties of CoFe2O4

Cobalt ferrite (CoFe₂O₄) particles were synthesized by sol–gel method using metal nitrates, citric acid (CA) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). X-ray diffraction (XRD), high resolution scanning electron microscopy (HR-SEM), thermogravimetry/differential scanning calorimetry analysis and vibrating sample magnetometer were used to study the structural, thermal and magnetic properties of the CoFe₂O₄ powder. XRD results indicate that the resultant particles have crystalline, pure single phase spinel structure. From HR-SEM images, a systematic decrease in particle size is observed with an increase in PVA concentration, along with addition of CA. CA at various concentrations of PVA significantly enhance the magnetic properties of the materials.     

改性壳聚糖对水中Cu2＋和Pb2＋的吸附性能

壳聚糖通过香草醛改性的物质简称V-CTS,在pH为6.8和5.6时对水中的Cu2＋和Pb2＋的吸附容量分别为475.9、403.8mg/g,改性壳聚糖不但吸附效果好,而且对水中的Cu2＋和Pb2＋去除率也特别高,节省了时间。     

Cu~(2+)掺杂ZnO的制备及光催化性能研究

采用水热法制备了Zn O以及Cu~(2+)掺杂Zn O(Cu~(2+):Zn O)纳米粉体,并将其用于光催化降解亚甲基蓝,采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)对其物相进行分析,考察了不同的表面活性剂、Cu~(2+)的掺杂量以及焙烧温度对其结构和光催化降解性能的影响。结果表明:以柠檬酸钠和十六烷基三甲基溴化铵为混合表面活性剂制备的Zn O具有最佳的光催化降解性能,其在光照65 min后,降解率达到96%。Cu~(2+)的掺杂量以及焙烧温度对Cu~(2+):Zn O样品产生较大的影响,随着Cu~(2+)的掺杂量和焙烧温度的增加,Cu~(2+):Zn O样品的光催化降解效果呈现先增加后减小的趋势,当Cu~(2+)掺杂浓度为0.01 mol、焙烧温度为600℃时,Cu~(2+):Zn O样品具有最佳的光催化降解性能,其在光照110 min后,降解率达到93%。     

Ag+、Cu2+协同掺杂TiO2抗菌自洁粉体的制备、表征及应用

以钛酸丁酯为前驱体,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备纳米TiO2,掺杂Fe3+改善纳米TiO2的光催化活性.以磷酸钙为载体,将物质的量比为1:3的Ag+、Cu2+与掺杂改性后的纳米TiO2按比例组装到载体中,制备出了抗菌自洁粉体.将抗菌自洁粉体按照一定的比例添加到普通建筑涂料中,制备出了抗菌自清洁涂料,用SEM、XRD、EDS、抗菌实验和光降解实验对样品进行测试表征.结果表明:掺杂0.2%的Fe3+能明显的改善纳米TiO2的光催化活性;磷酸钙能很好的负载金属离子和纳米TiO2;抗菌自洁粉体和抗菌自洁涂料的拟菌率分别达99.9%和98.0%,对亚甲基兰的降解率1h内均分别达到98%和90%.     

Cu2+对活性污泥性质的影响

工业废水含有重金属离子,进入城市污水处理厂不可避免地对生物处理过程产生毒性.本研究采用SBR反应器考察Cu2+浓度对活性污泥性质的影响.结果表明,当Cu2+浓度较低时(＜2 mg/L),Cu2+对活性污泥的沉降性能、SOUR和Zeta电位影响较小,SVI、SOUR和污泥表面Zeta电位分别保持在67 mL/g、7.24 mg O2/(gMLSS·h)和38.41 mV,COD去除率为84.31％.但是,当Cu2浓度较高时(≥2 mg/L),COD去除率下降,污泥絮凝沉降性差,污泥表面Zeta电位降低,活性污泥具有发生膨胀的趋势.SVI升高至149 mg/L,污泥表面Zeta电位下降至21.21mV,SOUR下降至3.37 mg O2/(gMLSS·h),COD去除率下降至34.11％.     

Structural,Optical and Electronic Properties of Silicon Carbide Doped PVA/NiO for Low Cost Electronics Applications

Silicon - This work aims to study of the effect of increase in an atoms numbers added to the (PVA-NiO-SiC) structures on the geometrical parameters, electronic and spectroscopic characteristics for...     

Synthesis, Characterization, and Optical Properties of Pristine and Doped Yttrium Aluminum Garnet Nanopowders

Pristine, Si-doped, and Si/Nd-codoped yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG) nanoparticles were synthesized by pyrolysis of complex compounds of aluminum and yttrium with triethanolamine. It was found that the coexistence of Si⁴⁺ and Nd³⁺ increased the solubility of both ions and promoted the formation of YAG phase. Single-phase, nanocrystalline Si/Nd:YAG powders were obtained at calcination temperatures as low as 920°C. The optical behavior of the Si/Nd:YAG nanopowders was similar to that of single-crystal Nd:YAG.     

Template-Assisted Synthesis and Characterization of Passivated Nickel Nanoparticles

Potential applications of nickel nanoparticles demand the synthesis of self-protected nickel nanoparticles by different synthesis techniques. A novel and simple technique for the synthesis of self-protected nickel nanoparticles is realized by the inter-matrix synthesis of nickel nanoparticles by cation exchange reduction in two types of resins. Two different polymer templates namely strongly acidic cation exchange resins and weakly acidic cation exchange resins provided with cation exchange sites which can anchor metal cations by the ion exchange process are used. The nickel ions which are held at the cation exchange sites by ion fixation can be subsequently reduced to metal nanoparticles by using sodium borohydride as the reducing agent. The composites are cycled repeating the loading reduction cycle involved in the synthesis procedure. X-Ray Diffraction, Scanning Electron Microscopy, Transmission Electron microscopy, Energy Dispersive Spectrum, and Inductively Coupled Plasma Analysis are effectively utilized to investigate the different structural characteristics of the nanocomposites. The hysteresis loop parameters namely saturation magnetization and coercivity are measured using Vibrating Sample Magnetometer. The thermomagnetization study is also conducted to evaluate the Curie temperature values of the composites. The effect of cycling on the structural and magnetic characteristics of the two composites are dealt in detail. A comparison between the different characteristics of the two nanocomposites is also provided.     

聚乙烯醇/二氧化钛自清洁膜的制备、性能及表征

采用溶胶-凝胶法制得纳米二氧化钛(TiO2),然后以其为助剂通过溶液法制备聚乙烯醇/二氧化钛(PVA/TiO2)自清洁复合材料;通过XRD、Raman、TEM等对Ti O2进行结构表征,同时考察了TiO2对PVA的光催化自清洁性能、力学性能、紫外吸收性的影响。结果表明:Ti O2的最佳制备条件是钛酸丁酯/冰醋酸为10:3.5,焙烧温度600℃;加入TiO2有助于提高PVA膜的自清洁性能、力学性能及紫外吸收性。     

Synthesis,Characterization and Theoretical Calculations of a New Fluorescent Probe for Detection Cu2+

A novel rhodamine-based probe (RP1) was synthesized and characterized as a colorimetric chemosensor with high selectivity and sensitivity in biological systems toward Cu²⁺ over other cations tested. RP1 showed low detection limit for copper. The binding between RP1 and Cu²⁺ was confirmed to be stoichiometric. The recognition process was reversible. We also performed the density functional theory (DFT) calculation to have more understanding of structure, molecular and electronic.     

Cu2+印迹交联壳聚糖微球的合成及吸附性能

利用分子印迹技术,以壳聚糖(CS)为功能单体,Cu~(2+)为印迹离子,通过稀氨水固化、环氧氯丙烷交联、盐酸洗脱Cu~(2+),制得了Cu~(2+)印迹交联壳聚糖微球(Cu~(2+)-ICM)。采用FTIR、XRD和FESEM对产品进行了表征,并测定了微球的骨架密度、含水量和交联度。结果表明:交联改性可使微球具有多孔结构和良好的结构稳定性,能够很好地降低CS的酸溶性,提高微球对Cu~(2+)的吸附性能。通过正交实验L_9(3~4)得到Cu~(2+)-ICM的最优制备条件为:CS 1.5 g,环氧氯丙烷2.5 mL,80℃下交联3.0 h,制得的微球对Cu~(2+)吸附量为67.80 mg/g。在单组分体系中考察了微球对Cu~(2+)的吸附性能。结果表明:当微球投加量为50 mg,Cu~(2+)初始质量浓度为338.7 mg/L,pH=5.0时,吸附量为72.80 mg/g。     

Preparation and Characterization of Silver‐Doped Cu(In,Ga)Se2 Films via Nonvacuum Solution Process

Cu(In,Ga)Se₂ films doped with different contents of silver ions (Ag⁺) were successfully prepared using nonvacuum spin coating followed by selenization at elevated temperatures. Increasing the Ag⁺ ion content increased the lattice parameters of the chalcopyrite structure, and shifted the A1 mode in the Raman signals to low frequencies. The band gaps of the prepared (Ag,Cu)(In,Ga)Se₂ (ACIGS) films were considerably increased, thereby increasing the open‐circuit voltage (V_oc) of the solar cells. As Ag⁺ ion content increased, the microstructures of ACIGS films became densified because the formed (Cu,Ag)₂In alloy phase with a low melting point facilitated liquid‐phase sintering. The evaporation of selenium species was correspondingly suppressed in the films during selenization, thereby reducing the selenium vacancies. The improvement in the microstructures and the defects of ACIGS films increased short‐circuit current (J_sc) and fill factor of the solar cells. The spectral response of the solar cells was also enhanced remarkably. This study demonstrated that incorporation of Ag⁺ ions into Cu(In,Ga)Se₂ films substantially improved the efficiency of the solar cells.     

PVA/Nano-SiO_2薄膜的制备表、征及性能研究

采用熔融法制备了聚乙烯醇(PVA)/纳米二氧化硅(nano-SiO2)薄膜。利用FTIR、DMA﹑AFM﹑水煮、DMSO煮等方法对薄膜进行了表征,并探讨了nano-SiO2对PVA薄膜的改性机理。结果表明:nano-SiO2的加入使PVA/nano-SiO2薄膜的储能模量和损耗模量均明显提高,其玻璃化转变温度随着nano-SiO2含量的增加先降低后升高;PVA/nano-SiO2薄膜中存在着由羟基脱水而产生的化学交联结构,这种结构影响着薄膜的各种性能。