Effect of Montmorillonite Clay Nanoparticles on the Properties of Polypropylene Fibres

Polypropylene and nanocomposite polypropylene fibres were successfully prepared via a melt spinning process. The prepared fibres were characterized by TGA and SEM. The results obtained show that the addition of MMT clay in the fibre induces a higher thermal stability. Water absorption and mechanical properties of the fibres were improved by the introduction of MMT clay nanoparticles in the fibre. Dyeing studies underlined the effect of the clay on the dyeability of the fibres which improved the accessibility of the fibre for both acid and disperse dyes. Moreover, it was observed, that polypropylene and nanocomposites polypropylene fibres were satisfactorily dyed with disperse dyes more than with acid dyes.     

多元混合金属柱交联蒙脱土的合成及其比表面积的测定

合成了一系列交联蒙脱土并对它的比表面积进行了测定,考察了制备条件、焙烧温度等对交联蒙脱土比表面积的影响。结果发现蒙脱土的比表面积经交联之后有较大的增加并且随着交联蒙脱土中金属离子种类的增多比表面积随之增大;采用共混法所制得的交联蒙脱土其比表面积大于采用取代法所制得的交联蒙脱土;交联蒙脱土最适宜的焙烧温度为500～600℃。     

蒙脱土的改性及其在废水处理中的应用研究

介绍了制备蒙脱土的结构,蒙脱土的有机改性研究进展,以及利用蒙脱土这种非金属矿物在污水治理方面的应用研究。     

蒙脱土的有机化改性

为了改变蒙脱土的表面性质 ,用不同量的十六烷基三甲基溴化铵和十八烷基三甲基氯化铵改性蒙脱土 ,并用 X-射线衍射测量蒙脱土的层间距。     

聚烯烃/蒙脱土纳米复合材料研究进展

简要概述了蒙脱土的有机改性机理、聚烯烃/蒙脱土纳米复合材料的制备方法、结构与表征以及聚烯烃/蒙脱土纳米复合材料的研究进展。     

黑山膨润土钠化工艺研究

以黑山天然膨润土为原料,采用阳离子交换树脂交换的方法对天然膨润土进行钠化改型,通过正交试验确定了最佳条件。该方法具有不引入阴离子或沉淀物、分离容易等优点,大大减少了后处理步骤。制备出稳定的钠基蒙脱石悬浮液,干燥后产品的阳离子交换容量是127.88 mmol/100 g,吸蓝量为42.35 g/100 g,蒙脱石纯度达到了95.81%。XRD衍射分析表明产品达到高品质钠基蒙脱石的要求,为其深层次的加工应用打下良好的基础。     

Effect of montmorillonite dispersion on flammability properties of poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile) nanocomposites

Poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile)/Cloisite 20A (95/5) nanocomposites, having various spatial dispersion levels of the clay, were prepared with controlling clay concentrations in a solvent by the coagulation method. X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and laser scanning confocal microscopy were used to characterize the structure and morphology of the nanocomposites on a nano-scale and on a micro-scale. Quantitative analysis of clay spatial dispersion in the nanocomposites based on the laser scanning confocal microscopy images was conducted from three different perspectives: 1) clay spatial distribution; 2) the non-clay-occupied domain size; and 3) the relationship between the frequency and intensity of pixels in the images. The results from these quantitative methods indicate that nanocomposites with different spatial dispersion levels of clay in the poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile) matrix were obtained. Evidently, the ?d₀₀₁ data from the X-ray diffraction was found to be not useful in measuring the clay dispersion in the nanocomposites. The effect of clay dispersion on the flammability properties of the nanocomposites and relevant mechanism of the clay dispersion having influence on flammability were also investigated. In radiant gasification experiments at 50 kW/m², the best clay dispersion yielded a 32% reduction in peak mass loss rate, as compared to the nanocomposites with the worst dispersion.     

三聚氰胺磷酸盐改性蒙脱土的合成

分别将三聚氰胺磷酸盐(MP)插层进蒙脱土(MMT)和有机化蒙脱土(OMMT)中,制得改性产物MP-MMT和MP-OMMT。通过红外(IR)、X-射线衍射(XRD)及扫描电镜(SEM)对制得的样品进行表征。结果表明;MP可对MMT和OMMT进行改性在MP用量不变的情况下MP对MMT的改性效果好于OMMT。     

新型抗沉降有机蒙脱土的制备

针对蒙脱土在PA6/MMT复合材料连续聚合反应体系中存在的沉降问题,采用十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)为插层剂、乙醇等为助插层剂,讨论了插层剂用量、反应温度、机械搅拌与超声波处理的时间比以及反应液pH值对制备有机蒙脱土的影响,确定了有机改性的最佳工艺条件。粒径分析表明,有机蒙脱土在己内酰胺中粒径变小,比表面积增大;沉降对比实验表明,有机蒙脱土在熔融己内酰胺中可长时间不沉降,可满足工业连续生产的需要。     

蒙脱石制备插层复合材料的研究进展

蒙脱石是一种具有离子交换性的层状硅酸盐粘土矿物,利用其结构特性可以制备插层复合材料。这种通过插层反应得到的复合材料兼有无机主体和客体分子的性质,从而表现出不同于单一组分所具有的催化、吸附以及光、电、磁等性能,在构筑下一代的光学、光电纳米器件,化学或生物传感器,分子识别以及催化等领域存在潜在应用的价值。     

蒙脱石制备插层复合材料的研究进展

蒙脱石是一种具有离子交换性的层状硅酸盐粘土矿物,利用其结构特性可以制备插层复合材料。这种通过插层反应得到的复合材料兼有无机主体和客体分子的性质,从而表现出不同于单一组分所具有的催化、吸附以及光、电、磁等性能,在构筑下一代的光学、光电纳米器件,化学或生物传感器,分子识别以及催化等领域存在潜在应用的价值。     

不饱和聚酯树脂/蒙脱土纳米复合材料的研制

通过微波交换法将天然钙基蒙脱土转变为钠基蒙脱土,进而转变成镍基蒙脱土。镍基蒙脱土与1,2-丙二醇进行络合,再与顺丁烯二酸酐和邻苯二甲酸酐缩聚为不饱和聚酯,并固化为不饱和聚酯树脂/蒙脱土纳米复合材料,使不饱和聚酯树脂的抗弯性能得以大大改善。     

环氧树脂/蒙脱土纳米复合材料的性能研究进展

阐述了近年来环氧树脂/蒙脱土纳米复合材料的力学性能、阻燃性能、气阻性能、耐热性能的研究进展。指出大幅度提高材料在玻璃态的储存模量与韧性是现阶段有待解决的难题,而探讨插层型复合材料的力学性质及利用蒙脱土开发绿色环保的阻燃材料和气阻材料是当今的研究方向。     

聚氯乙烯/蒙脱土纳米复合材料的研究

采用熔融插层法制备了聚氯乙烯(PVC) /蒙脱土(MMT)纳米复合材料并进行了表征,研究了PVC/MMT纳米复合材料的力学性能。结果表明:PVC进入到有机MMT的片层间形成了纳米复合材料,但PVC不能进入钠基MMT的片层间,形成纳米复合材料;蒙脱土的加入提高了PVC的力学性能,而且PVC/有机MMT纳米复合材料的拉伸和冲击强度总是优于PVC/钠基MMT复合材料;对PVC/有机MMT纳米复合材料而言,复合材料的V型缺口冲击比U型缺口冲击敏感,其力学性能随热处理时间延长而降低,但PVC/有机MMT复合材料比PVC/钠基MMT的抗热性好。     

热固性塑料/蒙脱土纳米复合材料最新研究进展

概述了用插层法制备热固性塑料与蒙脱土纳米复合材料在国内外研究的一些最新进展,并对其复合过程中的影响因素进行了详细的介绍,对其发展应用前景进行了展望。     

蒙脱土有机插层改性及其插层性能

以十六烷基溴化铵（CTAB）和十八烷基胺（ODA）为有机改性剂制备了有机蒙脱土,研究了反应时间、反应温度、改性剂的用量对蒙托土插层性能的影响,通过傅里叶变换红外光谱图仪（FTIR）、X-射线衍射仪（XRD）和综合热分析（TG-DTA）对其结构和形貌进行表征。结果表明,以十六烷基三甲基溴化铵为改性剂,反应温度为80℃,反...     

Towards optimization of electrical network and mechanical property of polymer nanocomposites with grafted nanoparticles

We demonstrate that comprehensive electrical network and mechanical property of polymer nanocomposite (PNC) are coherently related to the specific dispersion of nanoparticles, which can be controlled by grafting like and unlike polymer chains. For PNC where the graft chain has the same chemistry as matrix, if the graft chains are relatively short, the grafted nanoparticle containing 0.4 chains in unit area can result in a loose and continuous percolating cluster, at which the optimized electrical and mechanical utilities can be achieved. At low grafting density (0.08 chains in unit area), the optimized characteristics can be fulfilled through extending the graft chain length to the ratio of 0.4 (graft chain length to matrix chain length). If the graft chain has different chemical structure, the optimum performance of PNC emerges at the low grafting density, where the matrix–graft interaction is 1.5 times the matrix–matrix interaction, and the ratio is 0.5.     

蒙脱土/淀粉基纳米复合材料研究

合成了多羟基小分子胺盐改性蒙脱土,并同淀粉进行复合。X射线衍射结果表明,多羟基小分子胺盐与蒙脱土层间Na^ 发生了离子交换反应,并进入层间,淀粉与有机蒙脱土共混后几乎未能进入土层。采用少量聚乙烯醇(PVA)对有机蒙脱土进行预插层,然后再与淀粉进行共混,当m(PVA)／m(淀粉)=1／9,m(有机蒙脱土)／m(PVA 淀粉)=4％时,制成的复合材料没有衍射峰出现,说明其可能是一种剥离型的纳米复合材料。     

Montmorillonite adsorbs urea and accelerates urea excretion from the intestine

Hyperuraemia is one of the causes of uremia and renal failure. Decreasing serum urea level is an effective therapeutic method for patients with uremia and renal failure. Montmorillonite has very high affinity to various natural or synthetic toxins and has been widely used in biomedicine and clinical therapy. However, its effects on urea adsorption and excretion have not been fully explored. In the present studies, we systematically investigated the effects of montmorillonite on urea adsorption and excretion from the intestine. In vitro studies showed that montmorillonite concentration- and time-dependently adsorbed urea with high affinity. In vivo infusing urea into the blood vessel increased the urea concentration in the intestine, indicating that urea diffused from the blood vessels to the intestine. Infusing urea into the intestine increased the urea concentration in blood indicating that urea was absorbed in the intestine. Administrating montmorillonite in rat intestine significantly increased urea diffusion from the blood to the intestine and decreased urea absorption in the intestine. Orally administrating montmorillonite in normal mice as well as two types of model mice with acute hyperuraemia induced by orally administrating or intraperitoneally injecting urea, respectively, decreased blood urea levels. Our studies demonstrated that administrating montmorillonite has therapeutic potentials in patients with uremia.     

聚丙烯／蒙脱土纳米复合材料的制备与性能

用烷基季铵盐对钠基蒙脱土进行有机化处理,使其成为有机蒙脱土。X射线衍射（XRD）表明有机阳离子已同钠离子发生离子交换作用,导致层间距扩大。用熔融插层法制备聚丙烯／蒙脱土纳米复合材料,测试了力学性能。通过XRD、DSC等手段研究了其结构与结晶行为,并与聚丙烯进行了对比。实验表明,通过熔融插层可使聚丙烯插层于蒙脱土片层之中,且所得聚合物的冲击强度有所提高。