Using the PSCPCSP computer software for optimization of the composition of industrial alloys and development of new high-temperature nickel-base alloys

Using computer programs some foreign firms have developed new deformable and castable high-temperature nickel-base alloys such as IN, Rene, Mar-M, Udimet, TRW, TM, TMS, TUT, with equiaxial, columnar, and single-crystal structures for manufacturing functional and nozzle blades and other parts of the hot duct of transport and stationary gas-turbine installations (GTI). Similar investigations have been carried out in Russia. This paper presents examples of the use of the PSCPCSP computer software for a quantitative analysis of structural und phase characteristics and properties of industrial alloys with change (within the grade range) in the concentrations of the alloying elements for optimizing the composition of the alloys and regimes of their heat treatment.Translated from Metallovedenie i Termicheskaya 0brabotka Metallov, No. 11, pp. 28–34. November, 1991     

从世界镀锌板能力迅速增加看我国镀锌板发展

指出国外一些工业发达国家为抢占高附加值镀锌板市场,正大力兴建镀锌板生产线,世界镀锌板产量将以平均每年3%的速度增加(北美、欧洲每年增加8%),并以规模大、技术新为特征。同时介绍了我国已建和在建的镀锌生产线概况,指出了生产线建设中存在的问题。     

工业机器人在对开门冰箱生产线中的应用

根据市场客户需求,对开门冰箱门壳生产的手工送料将逐步由六轴工业机器人取代。应用三菱Q00UJCPU控制器、远程IO、安川六轴工业机器人进行了单机联线柔性机器人生产线的开发。分析了整条机器人联线的系统组成及对控制系统的要求,确定了控制系统的结构方案,并实现了对整条自动化线的稳定控制。     

攀钢热镀锌机组的试生产及新产品开发

介绍了攀枝花钢铁公司热镀锌机组概况,试车期间生产技术难点及攻关情况,以及新产品,如极薄规格镀锌板,超深冲DDQ级板,小锌花和光整毛化板的开发。     

彩涂板技术发展及我国生产概况

简要介绍了彩涂板的生产工艺、性能特点、应用范围 ,以及彩涂板生产技术的发展趋势 ;同时介绍了我国彩涂板的生产概况、发展特点及今后应注意的问题。     

焊接材料工艺质量的分析评价及分析与评价系统软件开发

对汉诺威焊接质量分析仪在焊接材料领域作进一步的应用开发,由汉诺威焊接质量分析仪提取反映焊接材料工艺性的相关数据信息,提出以短路电压概率和、短路频率和、过渡周期变异系数等作为评价焊接材料工艺性的判据,用短路电压及短路电流概率和的变异系数作为焊接材料稳定性评价的判据,建立了钛钙型、低氢型、纤维素型结构钢焊条、不锈钢焊条、实心焊丝、药芯焊丝工艺性和焊接材料稳定性评价体系,并开发了"焊接材料工艺质量分析与评价系统"软件,使得焊接材料工艺性分析评价的操作变得方便、快捷,为焊接材料工艺性评价提供实用工具。     

矿化剂对α-氧化铝原晶形貌的影响及在新产品开发中的应用

本文用电镜和激光粒度仪等手段，初步分析了矿化剂对α-氧化铝原晶大小和形貌的影响。指出α-氧化铝原粉是许多α-氧化铝原晶的聚合体，微粉制备的作用只是打散这种聚合体而不能破坏α-氧化铝原晶，因此α-氧化铝原晶的大小制约了其微粉加工的细度。深入研究矿化剂对α-氧化铝原晶形貌的影响，采用不同矿化剂控制α-氧化铝原晶的大小和形貌，是研究开发适应不同行业需要的高附加值α-氧化铝新产品的关键。     

氮气气氛下氧含量对Sn-Zn/Cu焊接接头组织的影响及其产业应用

Sn-Zn系无铅焊料具有熔点低、电导率高、力学性能好等优点,但焊锡易氧化、润湿性差,波峰焊容易产生拉尖、桥连、填充不足等焊接缺陷,制约了Sn-Zn系无铅焊料的产业化应用。对波峰焊机加装氮气保护装置,通过控制氮气流量调控焊接过程中焊锡表面的氧含量,探究氧含量对接头的焊接效果与微观组织的影响,并进行Sn-Zn/Cu焊接接头高温老化机理研究。结果表明,氧含量与金属间化合物(IMC)γ-Cu_5Zn_8的生长速度呈正相关关系;在氧含量小于2%条件下,研制的SnZn系无铅焊料在波峰焊过程中基本不存在焊接缺陷;高温老化过程中,当靠近IMC处焊料中Zn含量为1%左右时,接头开始出现柯肯达尔孔洞。在氧含量1. 2%、焊接温度225℃、传输速度1 600 mm/min的工艺条件下进行了生产线试验,并通过了行业内可靠性验证。     

隔油-混凝沉降及高效气浮-过滤工艺处理铝电解、炭素生产废水的工程实践

介绍贵州铝厂采用隔油—混凝沉降及高效气浮—过滤工艺处理铝电解及炭素阴、阳极生产废水。工程分步实施 ,即从废水达标排放到处理回收利用 ,达到减少环境污染 ,节约水资源的目的 ,成功实现废水资源化利用。     

An architectural approach to the integration of safety and security requirements in smart products and systems design

Assuring functional safety and IT security is rapidly becoming an essential key challenge to the design of any connected smart product and industrial manufacturing system. This paper proposes an architectural approach to the integrated consideration of functional safety and IT security requirements in the design process of smart products and the (Industrial) Internet of Things (IIoT). Based on axiomatic design and signal flow analysis, it shows that such requirements have related impacts on system architectural design choices rendering integrated design necessary to meet the desired risk reduction levels effectively and efficiently. A case study in the automotive domain is presented in order to illustrate and validate the proposed approach.     

影响生产厂区物资周转的因素及原因分析

针对兰州分公司厂区原材料和成品周转现状,阐述降低生产区物资周转费用方法及途径。     

再生金属产业“寒冬”里的一把火——广州再迎第十四届再生金属产业国际论坛共谋产业发展新格局

金秋时节的“花城”广州生机盎然.11月8日,第十四届再生金属国际论坛暨展览会在广州东方宾馆盛大开幕.本届论坛以“凝聚信心、转型升级、创新发展”为主题,来自相关行业协会的领导;来自国际回收局的顾问;来自世界四十多个国家和地区的企业家代表、专家学者,以及贸易和技术服务商等近千余人云集于此,在加强全球再生有色金属产业界的紧密联系,深化务实合作,共同推动产业创新和技术进步,针对全球经济持续下行,中国经济进入新常态下,如何破解当前面临的危机和挑战、如何加强全球再生有色金属产业界的深度合作等话题展开深入交流,《资源再生》杂志社作为论坛的战略合作媒体也应邀出席了此次盛会.     

Enrichment of fine mica originating from rock aggregate production and its influence on the mechanical properties of bituminous mixtures

Analyses of mica-bearing, crushed granitoid rocks revealed a significant enrichment of free mica in the fine fraction. Qualitative tests of bituminous mixtures with an increasing content of free mica in the fine fraction suggested a considerable deterioration of the mechanical properties of the asphalt mass. The negative influence of fine mica on the mechanical properties of the asphalt mixtures was most likely caused by the ability of mica to adsorb bitumen and to create zones of weakness. This phenomenon seemed to be linked to a preferred orientation (foliation) of the mica particles that was connected to the compaction of asphalt masses during the construction of the surface course. The threshold content at which the fine mica negatively influenced the quality of the bituminous mixtures was estimated to be 30–35 vol.%.     

新型连续混捏机及其在炭素生产中的应用

介绍了阳极糊生产中采用的新型连续混捏机的构造、工作机理及工作特点，并且对今后混捏机的发展进行了展望。     

选矿拜耳法氧化铝生产过程中有机物影响的分析与对策

在选矿拜耳法氧化铝生产过程中,采用了浮选方法处理我国中低品位一水硬铝石型铝土矿生产出A/S=10以上的选精矿,选矿使后续拜耳法生产流程的有机物量大大高于常规拜耳法,本文分析了有机物对后续拜耳法生产系统的影响,并提出了具体可行的解决对策。     

A two stage approach for the validation of welding and heat treatment models used in product development

Abstract

Many components used in the aerospace industry have complex shape and are manufactured from high strength materials. Performing large scale tests is costly and time consuming, therefore, simulation tools are needed to support an effective product development process. Using manufacturing simulations during product development requires a validated model of the material and manufacturing process. In this paper, a validation scheme is proposed for thermomechanical models of welding and post-weld heat treatment. The scheme was investigated by comparing simulations using shell elements with experimental results, which showed good agreement when predicting residual stresses after welding, but an overestimation of the out-of-plane deformations when simulating both welding and heat treatment. However, the simulations showed that the outof-plane deformation is strongly influenced by the initial geometry. It can be concluded that the simulation model is adequately accurate to be used in concept evaluation.     

Kinetic peculiarities of anodic dissolution of copper and its gold alloys accompanied by the formation of insoluble Cu(I) products

The kinetics of anodic dissolution of Cu and Cu-Au alloys (0.1-30 at.% Au) in aqueous chloride-containing universal buffer mixture (pH 1.25-11.90) in the potential range of insoluble Cu(I) products formation has been examined using the technique of multicyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry of stationary and rotating electrodes. After the formation of anodic film, mass transport controls the dissolution; the phase where the transport is localised depends on the nature of the film, pH of the solution and the alloy composition. The initial stage of CuCl formation on Cu and low-concentration Cu-Au alloys is controlled by 2D-nucleation.     

浅谈我国石墨化工艺及设备的改造和发展

着重介绍我国石墨电极生产中爱奇逊石墨化工艺设备的情况及其供电设备由交流向大直流的改造,大直流石墨化工艺上的研究、技术改进和发展情况;同时介绍内热式串接石墨化新工艺,并通过对内热式串接石墨化和大直流石墨化工艺的比较,国外内热式串接石墨化工艺的应用情况和我国对内热式串接石墨化工艺试验,指出内热式串接石墨化是石墨化发展的趋势     

Recent progress in the modeling of high-temperature creep and its application to alloy development

Recent progress in the understanding of high-temperature creep of alloys is discussed in the context of theoretical modeling and its application to alloy development. Emphasis is placed upon those engineering alloys specifically designed for high-temperature applications, such as precipitation and dispersion-strengthened (DS) alloys and metal-matrix composites (MMCs). Currently, these theoretical models use one of two different approaches, (a) a phenomenological approach, which is used in such models as those based on the internal stress concept, and those based on empirical creep equations; and (b) micromechanical models that are based on dislocation mechanisms and the interactions of dislocations with solute atoms, second-phase particles, and other reinforcements such as fibers. All these theoretical models have a common goal, namely, the understanding of high-temperature strengthening mechanisms and the relationship between high-temperature strength and the micromechanical mechanisms during high-temperature plastic deformation of the alloys. These theoretical studies can provide information that is useful in alloy design and processing, such as the selection of alloy chemistry, and the optimization of phase microstructural features (e.g., reinforcement amount, shape, size, and distribution; matrix grain size; and matrix and reinforcement interfaces) by optimization of processing methods. L. Shi, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22901, USA