5％啶虫脒·高氯乳油的研制

介绍了啶虫脒与高效氯氰菊酯混配的一种新型品种———5%啶虫脒·高氯乳油,简述了该制剂的特点、贮存稳定性、质量指标及药效试验结果,表明该产品成本低、药效好、使用安全、具有良好的经济效益。     

0／3%阿维菌素微乳剂的研究

介绍了一种齐螨素的新剂型品种———０３％微乳剂。简述了该剂型的特点、配方筛选、贮藏稳定性、杀虫活性等试验研究结果,表明该微乳剂品种价位低、药效高、使用安全,具有良好的开发应用前景。     

15%毒死蜱·高氯微乳剂的研制

介绍了 15%毒死蜱·高氯微乳剂的配方 ,确立了较佳的配方组成及质量控制指标。通过室内生物活性测定 ,与乳油混剂和单剂药效作了对比。     

5%高效氯氰菊酯微乳剂的研究

本文介绍了高效氯氰菊酯的一种新剂型品种－５％微乳剂。简要叙述了该剂型的特点,配方选择,贮藏稳定性,杀虫活性等试验结果,说明该微乳剂品种成本低,药效好,质量稳定,使用安全,社会效益显著。     

8%啶虫脒·吡丙醚微乳剂的开发及其对番茄白粉虱的田间防效

介绍了8%啶虫脒獉吡丙醚微乳剂的配方组成和制备方法,通过对溶剂、表面活性剂、防冻剂、消泡剂等筛选,确定了最佳配方,并对其进行了番茄白粉虱的药效试验。     

不同杀虫剂对外来入侵害虫菊方翅网蝽的毒力测定及防治效果

[目的]筛选对外来入侵害虫菊方翅网蝽具有良好防效的杀虫剂。[方法]采用室内浸叶生测法检测菊方翅网蝽成虫对7种杀虫剂的敏感性,并利用常规喷雾法进行田间药效试验。[结果] 10%啶虫脒微乳剂、100 g/L联苯菊酯乳油和40%毒死蜱乳油对菊方翅网蝽均有较好的防效,LC_(50)值分别是4.561、6.733、7.039 mg/L。室外施药后1 d,3种药剂对菊方翅网蝽防效均达80.85%以上,10%啶虫脒ME防效最佳,施药后15 d,防效均能保持在94.44%以上,防效显著高于5%阿维菌素乳油。[结论]在菊方翅网蝽发生时,可选择10%啶虫脒微乳剂作为最佳防治药剂,适合大面积推广应用。     

3%啶虫脒微乳剂的研究

报道3%啶虫脒微乳剂组成和配制方法，研究了温度，水质等因素对该制剂物理化学性能的影响。证明该制剂成本低，药效好，质量稳定，社会效益，经济效益显著。     

HPLC-MS/MS法分析15%甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐·啶虫脒微乳剂含量

[目的]采用HPLC-MS/MS建立15%甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐·啶虫脒微乳剂的含量检测方法。[方法]采用高效液相色谱-串联质谱法,以0.1%甲酸水溶液-乙腈为流动相梯度洗脱,使用以Poroshell 120 EC-C18柱和MSD检测器,对试样中的甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐和啶虫脒进行测定,外标法定量。[结果]该分析方法的甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐和啶虫脒线性相关系数分别为0.9998和0.9995,变异系数分别为2.06%和3.76%,平均回收率分别为98.55%和81.50%。[结论]该方法的操作简单,精密度、准确度和灵敏度均满足要求,可用于15%甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐·啶虫脒微乳剂含量检测。     

高效氯氟氰菊酯不同剂型对桃小食心虫的防效评价

为明确不同剂型的高效氯氟氰菊酯对苹果树桃小食心虫田间防效的差异,参照农药田间药效试验准则,开展田间防治试验.2年的试验结果表明:微乳剂、水乳剂、乳油3种剂型同期防效差异小于4%,差异不显著,微乳剂、水乳剂可作为乳油的替代剂型.可湿性粉剂药后5～10 d的防效与乳油差异不大,但药后15 d防效比乳油低7%～12%,并表现为差异显著.     

无溶剂水基性高效氯氟氰菊酯液体剂型的研制

[目的]乳油使用较多有机溶剂,而水基性剂型中微乳剂和可溶液剂使用较多极性溶剂作溶剂或助溶剂,在安全和环保性上受到人们质疑。论述水基性无溶剂液体剂型的提出、开发的依据及其优点。这种液体剂型不使用任何(极性和非极性)溶剂和植物油溶剂,研制出一种全新的水基性无溶剂2.5%高效氯氟氰菊酯透明液体剂型。[结果]经研制,其最佳配方:高效氯氟氰菊酯2.5%,乳化剂(烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚,烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚磷酸酯)12%~15%,助表面活性剂(丁醇)5%,防冻剂(丙二醇)2%,水余量。该配方样品为无色透明液体,经冷贮[(0±1)℃,7 d]和热贮[(54±2)℃,14 d]高效氯氟氰菊酯分解率小于2%。[结论]样品经测定各项指标符合有关要求,毒力测定结果与传统微乳剂相同。原料成本仅为同剂量乳油40%、传统微乳剂的72%、生物柴油作溶剂微乳剂的77%。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。