钢纤维改善轻骨料混凝土力学性能的试验研究

研究了钢纤维掺量不同(体积分数分别为0,0.5%,1.0%,1.5%,2.0%)的钢纤维轻骨料混凝土(SFLWC)静态力学性能和自由落锤抗冲击性能,其中的静态力学性能包括立方体抗压强度、轴心抗压强度、劈裂抗拉强度、抗折初裂强度、抗折强度、静力受压弹性模量、抗折模量和弯曲韧性等.试验结果表明:掺入钢纤维能显著提高轻骨料混凝土的劈裂抗拉强度、抗折强度、弯曲韧性和抗冲击性能,但对轻骨料混凝土的抗压强度和弹性模量影响较小.另外,钢纤维的掺入提高了轻骨料混凝土的拉压比,很大程度上改善了轻骨料混凝土的脆性.     

混合应用天然与再生骨料混凝土的基本性能

对配合比相同和坍落度相同两种情况下,不同再生骨料掺入量混凝土的基本性能进行了系统的试验研究。试验中再生骨料的掺入量分别为0,25％,50％,75％和100％。试验结果表明,在配合比相同的情况下,随着再生骨料掺入量的增加．混凝土的工作性能以及回弹值、抗压强度、劈裂抗拉强度、抗折强度和弹性模量均有不同程度的降低。在坍落度相同的情况下,随着再生骨料掺入量的增加．混凝土的抗压强度、抗折强度和弹性模量也均降低且较配合比相同的情况下降低更多。最后根据本文的试验结果,建议了两种情况下不同再生骨料掺入量混凝土的基本力学性能计算公式。并进一步对比了两种情况下得到的计算公式．结果表明,两种情况下得到的公式均可以用来描述不同再生骨料掺入量混凝土的基本力学性能。     

不同取代率再生粗骨料混凝土的力学性能

系统研究了坍落度相同的情况下再生粗骨料取代率对混凝土基本性能的影响.试验中再生粗骨料的掺入量分别为0,30%,50%,70%和100%,通过调节用水量使各组混凝土达到相同的坍落度.主要研究了达到相同坍落度时混凝土的用水量以及再生粗骨料取代率对混凝土坍落度、立方体抗压强度、棱柱体抗压强度、峰值应变和泊松比、弹性模量、劈裂抗拉强度以及抗折强度的影响.试验结果表明,再生粗骨料取代率对上述各性能指标均有一定影响,但程度不同.同时发现,除劈裂抗拉强度和抗折强度外,普通混凝土各基本力学性能指标间的关系不适用各种再生骨料取代率的混凝土.     

掺合料对轻集料混凝土性能的影响研究

研究了矿物掺合料对轻集料混凝土物理力学性能(干表观密度、抗压强度、劈裂抗拉强度和静压弹模),综合分析了各种性能的影响因素及其作用规律,寻求轻集料混凝土的强度提高措施以及轻集料混凝土的配制技术,为制备轻集料混凝土提供了重要的参考依据。     

Influence of parent concrete on the properties of recycled aggregate concrete

This paper discusses first the properties of recycled aggregates derived from parent concrete (PC) of three strengths, each of them made with three maximum sizes of aggregates. The relative physical and mechanical properties of fresh granite aggregate are discussed. Using these nine recycled aggregates, three strengths of recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) were made and studied. Typical relationship between water–cement ratio, compressive strength, aggregate-cement ratio and cement content have been formulated for RAC and compared with those of PC. RAC requires relatively lower water–cement ratio as compared to PC to achieve a particular compressive strength. The difference in strength between PC and RAC increases with strength of concrete. The relative evaluation of tensile and flexural strengths and modulus of elasticity has also been made.     

Effect of coarse aggregate quality on the mechanical properties of high strength concrete

This paper reports results of a study conducted to evaluate the effect of four types of coarse aggregates, namely calcareous, dolomitic, quartzitic limestone, and steel slag, on the compressive and tensile strength, and elastic modulus of high strength concrete. The highest and lowest compressive strength was obtained in the concrete specimens prepared with steel slag and calcareous limestone aggregates, respectively. Similarly, the split tensile strength of steel slag aggregate concrete was the highest, followed by that of dolomitic and quartzitic limestone aggregate concretes. The lowest split tensile strength was noted in the calcareous limestone aggregate concrete. The type of coarse aggregate also influences the modulus of elasticity of concrete. Weaker aggregates tend to produce a more ductile concrete than stronger aggregates do.     

钢纤维高强轻骨料混凝土力学性能的试验研究

轻骨料混凝土强度的提高导致了其脆性性能的增加,掺入钢纤维能对轻骨料混凝土起到增强、增韧效果。通过试验系统研究了LC50高强轻骨料混凝土在钢纤维体积率为0、0.5%、1.0%、1.5%和2.0%时的基本力学性能,包括立方体抗压强度、轴心抗压强度、劈裂抗拉强度、抗折初裂强度、抗折强度、静力受压弹性模量、泊松比和弯曲韧性等,并与国内外一些相关试验的结果进行了比较。试验结果表明:掺入钢纤维提高了轻骨料混凝土的立方体抗压强度、轴心抗压强度和静力受压弹性模量,显著提高了轻骨料混凝土的劈裂抗拉强度、抗折强度和弯曲韧性。掺入钢纤维与否,以及采用轻骨料还是普通碎石骨料对混凝土的泊松比无明显影响。     

基于2D随机骨料模型的C80混凝土参数分析

利用DIGIMAT和ABAQUS联合建立细观混凝土2D随机骨料模型,模拟了粗骨料的分布、形状、含量以及界面过渡区性能、孔隙率对C80高强度混凝土立方体抗压强度、轴心抗压强度、弹性模量和劈裂抗拉强度的影响,并将模拟结果与各参数对低强度混凝土的影响进行比较。结果表明:粗骨料的分布模式对混凝土的基本力学性能几乎没有影响,不同分布形式下混凝土立方体抗压强度最大相对误差为4.18%; 不同形状的粗骨料对混凝土力学性能有着不同的影响,圆形和椭圆形状粗骨料的模拟结果与试验值更为接近; 不同骨料含量下混凝土立方体抗压强度呈现出先减小后增大的趋势,轴心抗压强度则是先减小后增加再减小,劈裂抗拉强度在粗骨料含量为33%时达到最大值4.61 MPa,之后便逐渐降低; 随着孔隙率的增加,混凝土立方体抗压强度、轴心抗压强度和弹性模量均逐渐减小,劈裂抗拉强度在孔隙率为1.5%时降低较多,孔隙率为2%时有所上升。     

再生混凝土的长期力学性能试验研究

为了保证再生混凝土结构的工程质量和安全性,需要对再生混凝土的长期力学性能作出准确评价。基于这一工程需要,系统对不同强度等级的再生混凝土的抗压强度、劈裂抗拉强度和抗折强度以及弹性模量随时间的发展规律进行研究。结合试验结果对再生混凝土上述各长期力学性能的变化规律给予分析,并对普通混凝土长期力学性能计算方法对再生混凝土的适用性进行考察。试验结果表明:再生混凝土的长期抗压强度与普通混凝土存在一定的差异,主要表现为强度和弹性模量随龄期增长较多,发展相对较快。普通混凝土长期力学性能计算公式不适用于再生混凝土。基于试验结果,提出再生混凝土长期力学性能计算方法。     

再生粗骨料取代率对混凝土基本性能的影响

系统研究了相同水灰比情况下再生粗骨料取代率对混凝土基本性能的影响。试验中再生粗骨料取代率分别为0，30％，50％，70％和100％，保持混凝土的水灰比不变。主要研究了再生粗骨料取代率对混凝土立方体坍落度、抗压强度、棱柱体抗压强度、峰值应变和泊松比、弹性模量、劈裂抗拉强度以及抗折强度的影响。试验结果表明，再生粗骨料取代率对上述各性能指标均有一定影响，但程度不同。同时发现，除抗折强度外，普通混凝土各基本力学性能指标问的关系均不适用各种再生骨料取代率混凝土。     

Lightweight concrete made from oil palm shell (OPS): Structural bond and durability properties

The first part of this experimental program was to determine the structural bond properties of lightweight concrete incorporating solid waste oil palm shell (OPS) as coarse aggregate and also to compare its behaviour with other types of lightweight aggregate concretes. Other properties of OPS concrete namely the split tensile strength, modulus of rupture and modulus of elasticity were also determined. The structural bond properties were determined through pull-out test. The results showed that the experimental bond strength of OPS concrete was much higher than the design bond strength as stipulated by BS 8110. In general, the properties of OPS concrete compared well with that of other structural lightweight concretes and the results obtained encourage the use of OPS as aggregates for the production of structural lightweight concrete. The second part of the experimental program investigates the durability performance of OPS concrete through water permeability and water absorption tests.     

Mechanical properties of concrete with recycled coarse aggregate

This paper reports the results of an experimental study on some of the mechanical properties of recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) as compared to those of the conventional normal aggregate concrete (NAC). Ten mixes of concrete with target compressive cube strength ranging from 20 to 50 MPa were cast using normal or recycled coarse aggregates. The development of the cube compressive strength and the indirect shear strength at ages of 1, 3, 7, 14, 28 and 56 days, the compressive strength, the strains at maximum compressive stress and the modulus of elasticity tested by using concrete cylinders at 28 days are reported. The results show that the 28-day cube and cylinder compressive strength, and the indirect shear strength of recycled aggregate concrete were on the average 90% of those of natural aggregate concrete with the same mix proportions. For concrete with cylinder compressive strengths between 25 and 30 MPa, the modulus of elasticity of RAC was only 3% lower than that of NAC. The trends in the development of compressive and shear strength and the strain at peak stress in recycled aggregate concrete were similar to those in natural aggregate concrete.     

钢纤维轻骨料混凝土力学性能的试验研究

将钢纤维掺入轻骨料(人造膨胀珍珠岩)混凝土成为钢纤维轻骨料混凝土,它集中了钢纤维混凝土和轻骨料混凝土的优点,弥补了普通混凝土存在的抗拉强度低和自重大等不足。本文对这种新型混凝土材料的力学性能开展初步研究,针对试验中得到的钢纤维轻骨料混凝土的立方体抗压强度、劈拉强度、抗折强度、轴心抗压强度和弹性模量等进行讨论,分析钢纤维体积率的变化对钢纤维轻骨料混凝土力学性能的影响,给出相应的计算表达式,以利于其在工程实践中的推广和应用。试验结果表明,采用轻骨料和加入钢纤维后,混凝土的强度和变形等力学性能的改善效果十分明显。     

聚丙烯腈纤维混凝土基本力学性能的试验研究

针对聚丙烯腈纤维混凝土的基本力学性能进行室内试验研究,研究纤维掺量与混凝土的轴压强度、劈拉强度、抗折强度以及弹性模量之间的关系。试验结果表明,与素混凝土相比,聚丙烯腈纤维混凝土的轴压强度、劈拉强度、抗折强度以及弹性模量均随纤维体积率的增加而提高,尤其是劈拉强度和抗折强度的提高幅度更大。此外,在低掺量的情况下,聚丙烯腈纤维混凝土存在一个最佳的纤维体积率。     

Mechanical properties of brick aggregate concrete

This paper presents the results of a research program carried out at University of Aveiro, Portugal to evaluate the properties of concrete made with crushed bricks replacing natural aggregates. Two types of brick were investigated. The bricks were crushed in order to obtain a usable aggregate. The properties investigated were the workability and the density of fresh concrete, and the compressive strength, tensile splitting strength, modulus of elasticity and stress–strain behaviour of hardened concrete. Replacement ratios of natural aggregates by 15% and 30% were investigated as well as water/cement ratios of 0.45 and 0.5. Strength indexes were used to assess the effectiveness of aggregate replacement. The results of concrete produced with recycled aggregates were compared with a reference concrete produced with natural limestone aggregates currently used in Portugal. Observed results indicate that ceramic residuals could be used as partial replacement of natural aggregates in concrete without reduction of concrete properties for 15% replacement and with reductions up to 20% for 30% replacement. The type and the manufacturing process of bricks seem to influence the properties of the resulting concrete. The properties and aesthetics of concrete with bricks indicate the possibility of using this type of concrete in precast applications.     

Effect of moisture and temperature on the mechanical properties of concrete

Concrete mechanical properties are determined under laboratory conditions of ideal air temperatures between 20 and 22 °C and relative humidity between 40% and 60%. This paper describes the development of concrete mechanical properties when cured under different environmental conditions. Tests to measure modulus of elasticity, compressive strength, and split tensile strength were conducted at varying temperatures and humidity conditions to examine their effects on normal concrete. An environmental chamber was constructed in the laboratory using available materials. The chamber works in conjunction with a freezer to provide chilled air and a heat gun to provide hot air. The heating and cooling functions were controlled via a microcontroller. The moisture content in the concrete specimens was controlled by massing the specimens. The results indicate that concrete strength and modulus of elasticity are inversely related to temperature as well as moisture content in the concrete. Concrete modulus of elasticity was directly related to concrete compressive strength in both temperature and moisture testing. Mathematical formulas were developed for modulus of elasticity, compressive strength, tensile strength, and Poisson’s ratio.     

Scrap-tyre-rubber replacement for aggregate and filler in concrete

In this research the performance of concrete mixtures incorporating 5%, 7.5% and 10% of discarded tyre rubber as aggregate and cement replacements was investigated. Numerous projects have been conducted on replacement of aggregates by crumb rubbers but scarce data are found on cementitious filler addition in the literature. Hence to examine characteristics of tyre crumb-containing concrete, two sets of concrete specimens were made. In the first set, different percentages by weight of chipped rubber were replaced for coarse aggregates and in the second set scrap-tyre powder was replaced for cement. Selected standard durability and mechanical test were performed and the results were analysed. The mechanical tests included compressive strength, tensile strength, flexural strength and modulus of elasticity. The durability tests included permeability and water absorption. The results showed that with up to 5% replacement, in each set, no major changes on concrete characteristics would occur, however, with further increase in replacement ratios considerable changes were observed.     

片麻岩骨料混凝土基本力学性能及其换算关系研究

为了研究片麻岩机制砂骨料混凝土的劈裂抗拉强度、轴心抗压强度和弹性模量与立方体抗压强度之间的关系,选取水胶比、机制砂砂率和机制砂石粉含量为配比参数,制备11组C50片麻岩骨料混凝土进行不同龄期的基本力学性能试验。根据试验结果,探讨了片麻岩骨料混凝土各力学性能受各配比参数变化的影响规律,采用数理统计回归的方法,对立方体抗压强度与其他力学性能指标之间的换算关系进行了分析。结果表明:片麻岩骨料混凝土力学性能中受配比参数变化影响最大的是劈裂抗拉强度,其次是立方体抗压强度和轴心抗压强度,最小的是弹性模量; 拟合的片麻岩骨料混凝土劈裂抗拉强度、轴心抗压强度、弹性模量与立方体抗压强度之间换算关系式,较GB 50010—2010中相应的关系式能更准确地反映片麻岩骨料混凝土立方体抗压强度与其他力学性能指标之间的关系; 片麻岩骨料混凝土试块回弹值与立方体抗压强度的相关性很小。     

Hardened properties of self-compacting concrete — A statistical approach

This work presents a statistical study on the variability of the mechanical properties of hardened self-compacting concrete, including the compressive strength, splitting tensile strength and modulus of elasticity. The comparison of the experimental results with those derived from several codes and recommendations allows evaluating if the hardened behaviour of self-compacting concrete can be appropriately predicted by the existing formulations. The variables analyzed include the maximum size aggregate, paste and gravel content. Results from the analyzed self-compacting concretes presented variability measures in the same range than the expected for conventional vibrated concrete, with all the results within a confidence level of 95%. From several formulations for conventional concrete considered in this study, it was observed that a safe estimation of the modulus of elasticity can be obtained from the value of compressive strength; with lower strength self-compacting concretes presenting higher safety margins. However, most codes overestimate the material tensile strength.     

Effect of aggregate type on properties of hardened self-consolidating lightweight concrete (SCLC)

In this study, the effects of aggregate type on the physical and mechanical properties of hardened self-consolidating concrete produced with lightweight aggregate (SCLC) were investigated. In experiments, three coarse lightweight aggregate (LWA) types, pumice, volcanic tuff and diatomite, and normal limestone aggregate were used. Different combinations of water to binder ratio and superplasticizer dosage levels were prepared for the SCLC mixtures. The total powder content (cement and mineral additives) was constant in the experiments. Physical properties such as thermal conductivity, dry unit weight, porosity and capillarity; mechanical properties such as compressive and splitting tensile strength, modulus of elasticity and abrasion resistance were determined in hardened condition. The results, in general, showed that SCLC with LWA in lower unit weight has lower mechanical and physical properties except for thermal properties when compared to properties of SCC.