电子感官评价系统在肉品质量分析中的 应用研究进展

肉品质量安全是关系国计民生的大事。感官评价是肉品质量评价的重要方面。作为对人体感官功能的模拟,电子感官技术在对肉品质量评价方面具有很好的应用价值。目前国内外专家利用电子鼻、电子舌、电子眼等电子感官评价系统在肉品品质评定、肉品品种识别、肉品新鲜度评价、肉品微生物分析以及货架期预测等方面进行了相关的研究。研究结果表明,基于肉品腐败变质原理极其感官指标的变化,利用电子感官评价系统在对肉品品质评定、新鲜度评价、微生物分析与预测等方面都具有良好的效果。虽然,电子感官评价系统依然存在着多种问题,但随着传感器等技术的发展,电子感官系统将向着在线化、小型化、专业化、多种传感器融合、多种检测技术联用等方向发展,其在肉品质量检测和分析方面将具有更加广阔的应用前景。     

电子感官评价系统在肉品质量分析中的应用研究进展

肉品质量安全是关系国计民生的大事。感官评价是肉品质量评价的重要方面。作为对人体感官功能的模拟,电子感官技术在对肉品质量评价方面具有很好的应用价值。目前国内外专家利用电子鼻、电子舌、电子眼等电子感官评价系统在肉品品质评定、肉品品种识别、肉品新鲜度评价、肉品微生物分析以及货架期预测等方面进行了相关的研究。研究结果表明,基于肉品腐败变质原理及其感官指标的变化,利用电子感官评价系统在对肉品品质评定、新鲜度评价、微生物分析与预测等方面都具有良好的效果。虽然,电子感官评价系统依然存在着多种问题,但随着传感器等技术的发展,电子感官系统将向着在线化、小型化、专业化、多种传感器融合、多种检测技术联用等方向发展,其在肉品质量检测和分析方面将具有更加广阔的应用前景。     

肉品质量无损检测技术研究进展

肉类和肉类食品品质与安全检测一直是肉类行业中关注的热点。本文综述了超声波、电磁特性、电子鼻与电子舌、计算机视觉、光谱分析等几种当前主要无损检测技术在肉品质量评价中的研究进展。其中,重点介绍了光谱分析中具有图谱合一、可同时获取样品内外部品质信息特性的高光谱成像技术及其在国内外肉品品质检测中的应用现状,提出了该技术在肉类品质检测研究方向的几点思考,并展望了无损检测技术在肉品品质检测中的研究前景,以期为后续研究提供参考。     

电子舌作用机理及其在肉品检测中的研究进展

电子舌作为一种新型的检测手段,具有检测快速、操作简便、精密度高等优点,受到了国内外学者的广泛关注。该文综述电位型、伏安型、阻抗谱型、光寻址型、声波型和生物传感器型电子舌的作用机理、影响电子舌作用效果的因素及其在肉品检测中的研究进展,以期为电子舌的应用和肉品检测技术的提升提供参考。     

基于电子舌的肉品品质及新鲜度评价研究

利用电子舌研究宰后不同品种生鲜肉品(猪肉和鸡肉)的品质和新鲜度.对不同品种(杜大长猪和金华猪)、部位(背最长肌和半膜肌)的宰后猪肉的电子舌检测表明,电子舌不仅可以有效区分同一猪的背最长肌和半膜肌,而且可以辨识不同品种生鲜肉品之间的差异;在室温(15℃)和冷藏(4℃)条件下,不同时间点的肉品特性也可以通过电子舌加以区分.对三黄鸡、AA鸡的检测证实,电子舌对鸡肉品质和新鲜度的辨识评价是有效的.     

冷鲜猪肉的新鲜度无损检测技术现状及THz检测技术展望

综述可见/近红外光谱分析、电子鼻、电子舌、机器视觉、多传感器融合等无损检测技术在肉品新鲜度指标快速检测中的应用,从分子光谱学结合化学计量学的角度论述了基于THz波谱分析法无损检测猪肉新鲜度的可行性。     

电子鼻和电子舌在乳制品品质及货架期监控中的应用研究

基于仿生技术和传感器技术的电子鼻和电子舌技术的应用研究发展迅速.本文介绍了电子鼻和电子舌系统的构成和工作原理以及其在分析乳制品的风味、监控其储藏阶段的成熟或变质过程、控制原料乳的质量及掺假(杂)等方面的应用现状.     

宰前应激与过劳影响肉品质量

通常所说的肉品质量,是指肉品的安全质量,即肉类中不含有使人致病的传染因子、寄生虫及各种有毒有害物质;卫生质量,即指肉品不应带有感观污染或感观异常,如色泽、气味异常,肉表被外界污染等;食用质量,即指肉品的柔嫩性及其风味对消费者的口感反应;贮存质量,是指肉品在存放期间对腐败变质的耐受程度,如肉在成熟后其pH终值、肌糖元的残存量等.由此可见,为确保宰后肉品的质量,必须要进行肉畜的宰前检疫及解体后的宰后检验,以确保肉品的安全质量.但是,如果宰前管理不当,使肉畜过度遭受人为因素的刺激,会使其宰后肉品的卫生质量、食用质量及贮存质量受到严重影响,必须给以足够的重视.     

电子舌在食品检测中的应用研究进展

电子舌技术是一种分析、识别液体味道的新型检测手段.阐述了电子舌的结构组成,重点介绍了电子舌技术在饮料、茶叶、酒类、乳制品、调味品、肉类、油脂等食品领域的应用研究进展.     

食品供应链中的肉品安全管理——在加工、贮藏、运输和零售阶段

肉品质量安全是一个复杂的问题,涉及到从农场到餐桌等诸多环节。本文简要介绍了我国肉品的安全现状,肉品供应链加工贮藏和零售运输过程中影响我国肉品质量安全的主要因素及提高加工贮藏和零售运输过程中肉品质量安全的措施,并分析了提高我国肉品安全的意义。以便解决肉品加工贮藏和零售运输过程中普遍存在的安全问题。     

Authentication of meat and meat products

In recent years, interest in meat authenticity has increased. Many consumers are concerned about the meat they eat and accurate labelling is important to inform consumer choice. Authentication methods can be categorised into the areas where fraud is most likely to occur: meat origin, meat substitution, meat processing treatment and non-meat ingredient addition. Within each area the possibilities for fraud can be subcategorised as follows: meat origin—sex, meat cuts, breed, feed intake, slaughter age, wild versus farmed meat, organic versus conventional meat, and geographic origin; meat substitution—meat species, fat, and protein; meat processing treatment—irradiation, fresh versus thawed meat and meat preparation; non-meat ingredient addition—additives and water. Analytical methods used in authentication are as diverse as the authentication problems, and include a diverse range of equipment and techniques. This review is intended to provide an overview of the possible analytical methods available for meat and meat products authentication. In areas where no authentication methods have been published, possible strategies are suggested.     

Chemical safety of meat and meat products

Since the Second World War the consumer behaviour in developed countries changed drastically. Primarily there existed the demand for sufficient food after a period of starvation, afterwards the desire for higher quality was arising, whereas today most people ask for safe and healthy food with high quality. Therefore a united approach comprising consistent standards, sound science and robust controls is required to ensure consumers' health and to maintain consumers' confidence and satisfaction. Chemical analysis along the whole food chain downstream (tracking) from primary production to the consumer and upstream (tracing) from the consumer to primary production is an important prerequisite to ensure food safety and quality. In this frame the focus of the following paper is the “chemical safety of meat and meat products” taking into account inorganic as well as organic residues and contaminants, the use of nitrite in meat products, the incidence of veterinary drugs, as well as a Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) system assessing (prioritizing) vulnerable food chain steps to decrease or eliminate vulnerability.     

Biogenic amines in meat and meat products

It has been recognized for some time that biogenic amines occur in a wide range of foods, among them meat and meat products. Meat is an important component of the diet in developed countries. The presence of these amines in food is of interest for two reasons: firstly, for toxicological reasons, in the sense that high levels of dietary biogenic amines can be toxic for certain consumers, and secondly, for their role as possible quality indicators. Based on these two premises, the present article offers a new analysis on aspects of toxicology and on the use of biogenic amines as a quality control method, as well as on their presence in meat and meat products. The article focuses particularly on factors affecting the production of biogenic amines, with reference to various parameters relating to microorganisms, meat raw materials, and processing conditions. A better understanding of the factors determining their formation (i.e., microorganisms, raw materials used, and technological processes applied) and their effects could lead to ways of controlling their production, limiting their presence in the end product, and hence, rendering them less toxic.     

肉与肉制品卫生监督管理

为切实把好肉与肉制品的屠宰、加工、贮存、运输、销售等环节的卫生关,确保肉食安全,必须要认真做好食品卫生监督管理工作,包括商业、农业、工商、卫生、外贸等各有关部门的各环节要共同努力,采取综合措施.     

Identification of lactobacilli from meat and meat products

Schemes for a rapid and simple identification of lactobacilli from meat and meat products are presented which also include the species only recently published (e.g. L. divergens and L. carnis), and which were verified by the investigation of 229 strains newly isolated from meat and meat products and of nine type strains.They are primarily based on differences in the fermentation of sugars and other easily determinable physiological characteristics, and therefore permit a rapid assignment of a new isolate to one of the Lactobacillus species. However, in most instances this identification has to be confirmed by determining additional characteristics (e.g. the whole range of fermented carbohydrates, types of murein etc.).     

素肉与素肉干产品分析

主要对素肉及素肉干的生产原理、产品优势进行了说明;并介绍了即食全素肉干、风味素肉块、素肉粒(酱类制品专用)、风味素肉类制品四种新型素肉类休闲食品.     

肉及肉制品中彩虹色斑点现象的调查分析

彩虹色斑点是近年来发现存在于肉及肉制品中的一种非正常颜色。对我国几家大型屠宰场的猪、牛分割肉及南京各大超市销售的部分肉制品进行了调查,结果表明:猪肉的各部位均无彩虹色斑点现象;牛肉半腱肌中彩虹色斑点的发生率为83%,其他部位从高到低分别为背最长肌(21%),腰大肌(7%),股二头肌(5%)。牛肉制品中帕斯雀牛肉、烤牛肉和酱牛肉彩虹色斑点最明显,猪肉制品中西式火腿片和咸肉最明显。