不锈钢等离子喷焊钴基合金喷焊层的组织与性能

采用等离子喷焊技术,在304不锈钢基体上喷焊Stellite6钴基合金粉末,制备钴基合金喷焊层。利用光学显微镜(OM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)和扫描电镜(SEM)分析研究了喷焊层组织。利用显微硬度计测试喷焊层的显微硬度,通过环—块磨损试验评估喷焊层的耐磨性。实验结果表明:喷焊层组织均匀细小,主要由γ-Co固溶体和(Cr,Fe)7C3相组成;喷焊层的显微硬度在370~420HV1之间;在室温干滑动磨损条件下,喷焊层失重为基体失重的21.2%,喷焊层的耐滑动磨损性能明显提高。     

H13模具钢等离子熔覆WC/Ni基复合涂层研究

以Ni60+35%WC合金粉末为原料,采用等离子熔覆技术,在H13模具钢基体上熔覆WC/Ni基复合涂层。借助SEM、XRD分析涂层的显微组织;利用显微硬度计测试涂层的显微硬度;通过环-块磨损实验在MM-200磨损试验机上评估涂层的耐磨性能;采用线性极化法研究涂层在3.5%NaCl溶液中的耐蚀性能。结果表明:涂层组织均匀细小,主要由γ-(Ni,Fe)树枝晶以及枝晶间的γ-(Ni,Fe)与Cr23C6、Fe3W3C形成的共晶结构组成,在涂层底部分布有WC增强相;涂层的显微硬度可达590~650HV0.3;在室温干滑动磨损条件下,涂层的耐滑动磨损性与基体相比提高了1倍以上。在3.5%NaCl溶液中,涂层的耐腐蚀性能优于H13钢基体。H13钢经等离子熔覆WC/Ni基复合涂层后耐磨性能、耐蚀性能得到提高,可用于H13钢制模具的表面磨损修复。     

灰口铸铁等离子热喷焊WC/Ni基涂层组织和性能研究

在HT250表面采用等离子喷焊工艺制备了碳化钨/镍基合金复合涂层,并对涂层的宏观形貌、微观组织和显微硬度进行了分析.结果表明：复合涂层与基体形成冶金结合,其中WC均匀地分布在涂层的中底部,而在WC附近形成了强化相Fe3W3C,涂层的耐磨性得到了改善;界面处的HT250在快速冷却过程中,发生淬火反应,部分转变为马氏体;涂层的显微硬度在570～870HV0.2之间,明显高于基体硬度.     

等离子喷焊Ni60A合金的组织与性能研究

采用等离子喷焊工艺在Q235钢表面制备Ni60A合金喷焊层,对喷焊层组织结构进行分析,对喷焊层显微硬度、耐磨损性能进行了测试。实验结果表明,喷焊层与基体为冶金结合,喷焊层呈枝状晶组织,硬度达到HV617,耐磨损性能为基体的3~4倍以上。     

火焰喷焊件喷焊层耐磨性的研究

通过工艺试验、耐磨试验和显微组织观察分析，研究了火焰喷焊件的耐磨性，结果表明喷焊层中起耐磨作用的主要是弥散分布在整个喷焊层内的硬质相。喷焊合金的耐磨性与硬质相的硬度成正比。建议对喷焊合金标注基体硬度和主要硬质相硬度两个硬度值．     

等离子喷焊铁/镍混合基喷焊层Q345复合板的制备

通过在铁合金粉末中加入5%质量分数的镍合金粉末来制备铁镍合金粉末。使用等离子喷焊技术在以Q345为基体的低合金钢表面制备铁/镍混合基喷焊层。通过设计正交实验,使用金相显微镜,物相显微镜以及扫描电镜,来研究铁/镍混合基喷焊层的物相以及微观组织,判断其基体和喷焊层的结合性是否良好以及对基体,融合线,喷焊层的金相组织进行观察与分析。在判断喷焊层显微硬度时,使用维氏显微硬度计,对试样的喷焊层,融合线以及基体进行测试,并对其数据进行分析。使用软件对试样的金相图进行晶粒分析,通过对试样的硬度,成型系数,焊缝宏观样貌,裂纹等数据进行分析,优化出具有高性能的铁/镍混合基Q345复合板工艺参数。     

平行闸板阀阀座等离子弧喷焊工艺对喷焊层组织及性能的影响

试验研究了平行闸板阀阀座35CrMo等离子喷焊Ni60A合金粉末试样的组织与性能。试验分析结果表明,等离子弧喷焊层冶金结合较好,焊层组织致密、稀释率低;喷焊层是由各种化合物硬质相和基体组成,形成的合金涂层具有良好的耐磨损性能。     

等离子喷焊层NiCrBSi+WC/Co的组织与性能

利用等离子喷焊技术在H13模具钢表面制备NiCrBSi+20%WC/Co喷焊层。研究表明,基体与喷焊层之间存在明显的分界面,与传统焊接接头的微观组织类似,喷焊层中出现垂直于界面结合方向的柱状晶,这种组织形态在等离子喷涂涂层中从未观察到,说明喷焊层NiCrBSi+20%WC/Co与H13钢基体之间的结合为冶金结合。XRD分析表明,喷焊层中的主要相为γ-(Fe,Ni),Cr7BC4,Ni4B3,Cr7C3和Co7W6,并且由于这些相的存在,使得表面喷焊层比H13钢基体具有更高的强度和硬度。     

激光熔覆Al2O3陶瓷涂层组织结构

研究了45钢表面激光熔覆等离子Al2O3陶瓷喷涂层的组织结构、硬度及滑动磨损特性。结果表明，等离子喷涂Al2O3陶瓷涂层呈层片状，涂层疏松，由α－Al2O3,ZrO2和γ－Al2O3组成。激光熔覆Al2O3陶瓷涂层致密，由α－Al2O3及ZrO2组成。激光熔覆Al2O3涂层硬度较高，滑动磨损时其耐磨性也明显优于等离子喷涂Al2O3陶瓷涂层。     

不锈钢等离子熔覆镍基复合涂层的组织与性能

利用等离子熔覆技术,在304不锈钢基体上制备了添加WC颗粒的镍基复合涂层。借助SEM、EDS、XRD分析了涂层的组织,采用显微硬度计、M-200磨损试验机和电化学工作站分别测试了涂层的硬度和耐磨、耐蚀性能。实验结果表明,涂层呈枝晶生长特征,组织均匀细小,主要由γ-(Ni,Fe)固溶体、Cr_(23)C_6、CrSi_2、WC和M6C组成。涂层的显微硬度可达420~530HV0.3,与基体相比,涂层磨损性能提高4倍以上;在3.5%NaCl介质中涂层耐蚀性优于304不锈钢。     

Microstructure and wear resistance of electro-thermal explosion sprayed stellite coating used for remanufacturing

Electro-thermal explosion directional spraying was used to prepare the stellite coating on substrate of the AISI 1045 steel. The morphologies of cross-section and worn scar, porosity, distribution of elements, microhardness and wear resistance of the coating were determined by means of SEM, EDAX, micro-hardness tester and sliding wear tester. Because of the compact construction, good bonding and high hardness, the coating is characterized by good wear resistance. The results show that the mainly failure mode of the stellite coating is microplowing.     

Effect of Salt Spray Corrosion on Tribological Properties of HVOF Sprayed NiCr-Cr_3C_2 Coating with Intermediate Layer

The objective of the present work was to determine the influence of the neutral salt spray corrosion on the wear resistance of HVOF sprayed NiCr-Cr_3C_2 coating with intermediate layer. Ni-Zn-Al_2O_3 coatings as interlayers were prepared by low pressure cold spray(LPCS) between NiCr-Cr_3C_2 cermet coatings to form a sandwich structure to enhance the corrosion resistance properties. The tribological properties were examined using the UMT-3 fricition and wear tester by line-contact reciprocating sliding under dry and salt spray one week corrosion. The morphology, element distribution, and phase compositions of the coating and worn sufaces were analyzed by using scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectrometry, and X-ray diffraction respectively. The corrosion behavior of the coating was studied by the open-circuit potential, the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, potentiodynamic polarization, and salt spray corrosion methods. It is found that the sandwich structured coating has better corrosion resistance than the single layer coating. The results show that under dry wear conditions, the wear mechanism is abrasive and adhesive wear, whereas under salt spray corrosion conditions it becomes corrosion wear. The friction coefficient of the sandwich structured coating after salt spray corrosion is slightly lower than the dry friction coefficient, but the weight of the wear loss is lower than that under dry condition.     

Effect of salt spray corrosion on tribological properties of HVOF sprayed NiCr-Cr<Subscript>3</Subscript>C<Subscript>2</Subscript> coating with intermediate layer

The objective of the present work was to determine the influence of the neutral salt spray corrosion on the wear resistance of HVOF sprayed NiCr-Cr₃C₂ coating with intermediate layer. Ni-Zn-Al₂O₃ coatings as interlayers were prepared by low pressure cold spray (LPCS) between NiCr-Cr₃C₂ cermet coatings to form a sandwich structure to enhance the corrosion resistance properties. The tribological properties were examined using the UMT-3 fricition and wear tester by line-contact reciprocating sliding under dry and salt spray one week corrosion. The morphology, element distribution, and phase compositions of the coating and worn sufaces were analyzed by using scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectrometry, and X-ray diffraction respectively. The corrosion behavior of the coating was studied by the open-circuit potential, the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, potentiodynamic polarization, and salt spray corrosion methods. It is found that the sandwich structured coating has better corrosion resistance than the single layer coating. The results show that under dry wear conditions, the wear mechanism is abrasive and adhesive wear, whereas under salt spray corrosion conditions it becomes corrosion wear. The friction coefficient of the sandwich structured coating after salt spray corrosion is slightly lower than the dry friction coefficient, but the weight of the wear loss is lower than that under dry condition.     

PTA clad （Cr, Fe）7C3/γ-Fe in situ ceramal composite coating

A wear-resistant （Cr, Fe）7C3/γ-Fe in situ ceramal composite coating was fabricated on the substrate of 0.45wt%C carbon steel by a plasma-transferred arc cladding process using the Fe-Cr-C elemental powder blends. The microstructure, microhardness, and dry-sliding wear resistance of the coating were evaluated. The results indicate that the microstructure of the coating, which was composed of （Cr, Fe）7C3 primary phase uniformly distributed in the γ-Fe, and the （Cr, Fe）7C3 eutectic matrix was metallurgically bonded to the 0.45wt%C carbon steel substrate. From substrate to coating, the microstructure of the coating exhibited an evident epitaxial growth character. The coating, indehiscent and tack-free, had high hardness and appropriate gradient. It had excellent wear resistance under the dry sliding wear test condition.     

高能脉冲冷焊Fe基合金改性层的组织及性能

为了进一步提高核泵用钢的耐磨性能及抗空蚀性能,采用高能脉冲冷焊技术在304不锈钢表面制备了Fe基合金改性层.利用扫描电子显微镜和X射线衍射仪分别对改性层的显微组织和相结构进行了分析,利用显微硬度计、摩擦磨损试验机及超声波振荡空蚀仪分别对改性层的显微硬度、耐磨性与抗空蚀性能进行了研究.结果表明,改性层组织细密,且主要由基体相α-Fe和硬质碳化物相Cr_(23)C_6和Cr_7C_3组成,改性层的最高显微硬度可达510 HV,相对耐磨性为3.88.空蚀5 h后,改性层的失重量和表面粗糙度分别约为304不锈钢基材的1/5和1/6.     

超音速火焰喷涂WC-10Co4Cr 涂层组织及耐磨耐蚀性研究

采用超音速火焰喷涂工艺在不同喷涂距离下制备了WC-10Co4Cr涂层,并对其组织结构及耐磨耐腐蚀性能进行了研究。利用金相显微镜、扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪分析了涂层的组织结构和相组成,并测试了涂层显微硬度、孔隙率;对涂层磨损表面进行了观察分析,探讨了涂层的失效形式。结果表明,喷涂距离对涂层的组织结构及耐磨性具有一定影响。适当增加喷涂距离,粒子由于在焰流中停留时间增加而使熔化程度加大,撞击基体后扁平化现象明显。因此,涂层的致密度、耐磨性、耐腐蚀性都有所提高。当喷涂距离为380mm 时,涂层呈现出较好的耐磨性及耐腐蚀性。     

Ti对激光熔覆铁基合金涂层组织和耐磨性的影响

采用激光熔覆技术在低碳钢表面制备Fe基合金涂层（Fe50）和添加1％（质量分数）Ti粉的Ti／Fe50涂层,分析研究两涂层的相结构、显微组织、硬度及耐磨性。结果表明：激光熔覆Fe50涂层主要由α-Fe和Cr23C6组成,其组织由柱状枝晶固溶体及其间网状分布的共晶组成;添加质量分数为1％的Ti后,涂层中除了α-Fe和Cr23C6相,还含有γ—Fe相,组织明显等轴化、均匀化;与Fe50涂层相比,Ti／Fe50涂层耐磨性提高了20％以上。     

基材表面粗糙度对镀铬层膜基结合性能的影响

为了提高紧固件的摩擦磨损性能,采用直流电镀工艺,在1Cr13钢表面制备了单层标准镀铬层,研究了基材1Cr13钢表面粗糙度对其表面镀铬层的组织结构与膜基结合强度的影响.利用激光共聚焦显微镜、扫描电子显微镜、能谱仪、X射线衍射仪、显微硬度计与多功能材料表面性能测试仪对镀铬层的微观组织、相结构、显微硬度及膜基结合强度进行了分析.结果表明,随着基材表面粗糙度的降低,镀铬层表面更加致密、均匀,微裂纹数量明显减少,镀铬层的显微硬度增加,临界载荷达到了38.7 N,膜基结合强度得到明显提高.     

Microstructure and wear resistance of electro-thermal explosion sprayed stellite coating used for remanufacturing

Electro-thermal explosion directional spraying was used to prepare the stellite coating on substrate of the AISI 1045 steel. The morphologies of cross-section and worn scar, porosity, distribution of elements, micro-hardness and wear resistance of the coating were determined by means of SEM, EDAX, micro-hardness tester and sliding wear tester. Because of the compact construction, good bonding and high hardness, the coating is characterized by good wear resistance. The results show that the mainly failure mode of the stellite coating is micro-plowing. Foundation item: Project(2003AA331130) supported by Hi-tech Research and Development Program of China; Project(50235030) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China