共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 62 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
电解质在电化学储能中起着至关重要的作用。在锂离子电池(LIB)中,液体电解质(LE)在几十年的发展中表现出了优异的性能,如高的离子电导率(10-3S/cm)和与电极良好的接触。然而,LE中的安全问题以及由枝晶生长引起的性能退化严重阻碍了LIB的实际应用。因此,聚合物电解质(PE)有望取代LE。固体聚合物电解质(SPE)虽然有很好的安全性和机械性能,但其受温度限制,离子电导率较低,且与电极接触较差,电池循环性较差。凝胶聚合物电解质(GPE)结合两者的优点,被认为是现有有机液体电解质的有效替代品,它可以用来制造更安全的锂电池。对现有聚合物基体的交联、共聚和混合改性——能够提高电解质的电化学性能的方法进行了综述。同时也对GPE在LIB中的最新研究进展进行了综述,并介绍了新型生物基凝胶电解质基体。最后,展望了制造性能优异的基于GPEs的LIB电池面临的挑战和发展方向。 相似文献
4.
5.
凝胶聚合物电解质既具有固态聚合物电解质良好的力学加工性能和安全性能,又具有传统液态电解质较高的室温离子电导率。但凝胶聚合物电解质由于室温离子电导率低、力学强度较差的缺点限制了其在锂离子电池上的应用。结合目前研究的最新进展,本文针对几种常用凝胶聚合物电解质体系聚氧化乙烯、聚丙烯腈、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、聚偏氟乙烯-六氟丙烯和聚乙烯醇缩醛进行了综述,对其制备方法以及通过聚合物调控、加入无机填料和复合离子液体进行改性处理做了较全面的介绍,并探讨了凝胶聚合物电解质的应用前景。 相似文献
6.
7.
8.
9.
为探索聚合物结构对相应凝胶电解质稳定性,特别是中低温热稳定性的影响,本研究对于丙烯碳酸酯/高氯酸锂分别与PMMA、PMA、丁腈胶以及PVDF制备的凝胶电解质,进行了热失重和等温热失重的研究。结果表明,由PMMA和PMA形成的凝胶电解质的热稳定性都较好,优于丁腈胶为基材的体系。由PVDF形成的凝胶电解质由于不断晶化,导致对电解液的保持能力欠佳,用添加PMMA的方法改善了其热稳定性。 相似文献
10.
11.
Polymer is an important constituent of polymer gel electrolytes along with salt and solvent. The salt provides ions for conduction
and the solvent helps in the dissolution of the salt and also provides the medium for ion conduction. Although the polymer
added provides mechanical stability to the electrolytes yet its effect on the conductivity behaviour of gel electrolytes as
well as the interaction of polymer with salt and solvent has not been conclusively established. The conductivity of lithium
ion conducting polymer gel electrolytes decreases with the addition of polymer whereas in the case of proton conducting polymer
gel electrolytes an increase in conductivity has been observed with polymer addition. This has been explained to be due to
the role of polymer in increasing viscosity and carrier concentration in these gel electrolytes. 相似文献
12.
采用一种自制新型超支化聚醚(PHEMO)与甲苯2,4-二异氰酸酯(MDI)在电解液中进行缩合反应,制备了一种具有交联网状结构的聚氨酯(PEU)型凝胶态聚合物电解质.利用傅立叶红外光谱(FTIR)、示差扫描量热分析(DSC)、热重分析(TGA)、交流阻抗谱等测试方法对聚合物电解质的结构、热稳定性能、离子电导率进行了研究.研究发现:上述制备的PM-1M-Z4聚合物电解质体系室温电导率可达2.53×10-3S/cm,电化学稳定窗口为2.3~4.0V,并且具有较好的热稳定性和优良的机械性能.此外,在这种新型的电解质中,电解液小分子被聚合物大分子包裹在其中,可有效防止凝胶聚合物电解质的漏液问题,从而可提高锂离子电池的安全性能. 相似文献
13.
14.
15.
Chunmei Song Liang Zhang Yongguang Wang Xin Yan Dan Zhao 《Journal of Materials Science》2013,48(23):8153-8162
A polymer gel electrolyte based on poly(methyl methacrylate-butyl acrylate-methacrylic acid)/polyethylene glycol 400 blend (P(MMA-BA-MAA)/PEG400) was successfully prepared by a simple and efficient procedure. The optimal ionic conductivity was achieved to be 3.12 mS cm?1 at the temperature of 30 °C when the electrolyte has the composition of 20 wt% P(MMA-BA-MAA)/PEG400 blend, 0.6 M NaI, and 0.06 M I2 in the solvent γ-butyrolactone (GBL). For tuning the ionic conductivity, various additives were introduced into the polymer gel electrolytes. The measured values of open circuit voltage, short circuit current, and total photovoltaic efficiency indicates that the adding of pyridine (PY) leads to better performance of the final dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs), while the adding of Guanidine thiocyante (GuSCN) leads to a worse one. 4-Tert-butylpyridine (TBP) additive takes a more complex effect on the performance of the final DSSCs. For polymer gel electrolyte with 0.5 M pyridine, the final fabricated dye-sensitized solar cell has overall energy conversion efficiency (η) of 3.63 % (0.16 cm2 active area) under AM 1.5 at irradiation of 100 mW cm?2, which reached the level of the liquid electrolyte based device (η = 3.83 % at 0.16 cm2 active area). Meanwhile, this gel electrolyte exhibits well long-term stability. The mechanism analysis revealed the dependences of ionic conductivity on the concentration of polymer and NaI and the temperatures. 相似文献
16.
17.
Yan-bao Fu Xiao-hua Ma Qing-he Yang Xiang-fu Zong 《Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics》2002,13(8):491-495
In this paper, the morphology of chemically crosslinked polymer gel electrolyte (PGE) was investigated by environmental scanning electron microscopy. The crosslinking structure made the polymer matrix arrange tightly and blocked the ion transport, but it improved the mechanical properties and the capacity to hold the liquid electrolyte. With increasing liquid electrolyte in the PGE, it was shown that the polymer matrix became sparse and the cavities in the morphology became large. The addition of nanoparticle silica led to the formation of micropores, which was beneficial to improvement of the ionic conductivity. 相似文献
18.
通过原子转移自由基聚合反应(ATRP)合成3种嵌段比不同的聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯-b-聚苯乙烯(PMMA-b-PS),研究其嵌段比例对凝胶聚合物电解质(GPE)电性能的影响。结果发现,以3种嵌段共聚物为基体的GPE导电性均优于纯PMMA基GPE,这可能是因为刚性链段的存在改变了凝胶体系的自由体积;当聚合物含量为40%(质量分数)时,PMMA-b-1PS基GPE的电导率最高。选择电性能较优的PM-MA-b-1PS为基体,研究有机累托石(OREC)对该凝胶电解质(NGPE)性能的影响。在保持凝胶体系固含量为40%(质量分数),OREC添加量为聚合物的3%(质量分数)时,室温下NGPE的电导率达到了3.11×10-4S/cm,约为PMMA基GPE的18倍;热失重分析表明,质量损失5%时,PMMA-b-1PS基GPE热分解温度比PMMA基GPE热分解温度高66.1℃,NGPE的热分解温度相比PMMA基GPE提高了78.0℃。 相似文献