羊绒制品拔染印花工艺

为得到一种适用性强、地色均匀丰满、染色牢度高的羊绒制品拔染印花加工方法,分析了拔染印花染料与助剂的选择及拔染剂的用量对织物拔白程度、K/S 值的影响,探讨了温度对染料提升力和可拔性的影响。结果表明：偶氮多丽兰染料适合用作羊绒织物拔染印花的地色染料,拔染剂朗茄烈C、BR-1（复配）是适合于羊绒制品拔染印花的拔染剂,用量应控制在11%~13%;随朗茄烈C、BR-1用量的增加,兰纳芯染料在地色织物上的K/S 值呈上升趋势;在85～95℃下,酸性多丽兰染料染色提升力良好,温度的提高对织物拔白程度有一定的影响。     

涂料拔染印花技术

分析了涂料拔染印花中常用的拔染剂、润湿剂、渗透剂、粘合剂和糊料等性能及应用特点，指出了涂料拔白和色拔印花的工艺及注意事项。对于牛仔布涂料拔染印花，作者列举了几个实例，指出了糊料、粘合剂及涂料的选择原则和工艺流程、操作注意事项等。     

涤纶长毛绒拔染印花产品的实践

针对涤纶长毛绒拔染印花产品的特性,优选了染料、糊料及拔染印花工艺。通过试制和批量生产,确定了涤纶长毛绒产品的拔染印花工艺,重点分析了涤纶坯布拔染印花加工中染色、拔色、水洗3道工序的操作工艺及技术要点。     

涂料在拔染活性印花上的应用

涂料拔染活性印花关键在于地色活性染料、涂料、拔染剂、粘合剂、糊料、PH值的选择，采用该工艺具有操作简便、成本低、手感柔软、质量稳定、一等品率高等特点，从而提高经济效益。     

真丝绸无甲醛拔染印花拔染浆及其拔染印花工艺

本发明公开了一种无甲醛拔染印花拔染浆和制备方法，及其在真丝绸拔染印花中的应用。本发明的真丝绸拔染印花拔染浆以重量百分比表示的组分为：原糊60～75％、吸湿助溶剂4～6％、耐拔染料O～5％、无甲醛拔染剂3～7％和水10～30％。其中无甲醛拔染剂为二氧化硫脲，原糊为含固率为813％的改性植物种子胶浆或经复配的耐拔合成增稠浆，吸湿助溶剂为尿素，耐拔染料为耐二氧化硫脲还原作用的酸性或中性染料。应用此拔染浆进行真丝绸拔染印花，可以避免应用常规拔染剂时释放甲醛的问题，有利人体健康和生态环保。     

织物印花若干问题的分析及解决方法

分析了目前涂料印花中关于涂料、粘合剂、糊料，以及拔染印花中关于各种拔染剂的性能及其存在的问题。特别针对解决织物中残留的甲醛问题，介绍自制的新型还原剂，用于染料和涂料的拔染印花，可获得较好效果。     

防染剂和拔染剂的最近发展趋向

一、用于合成纤维的防染剂和拔染剂 主要用于聚酯纤维,最广泛应用的是采用氯化亚锡还原法。由于应用氯化亚锡有很多缺点,故采用加工锡的方法,如日本林化学公司生产的Uniston系列产品。 Uniston系列产品有很多品种,使用者可按加工方法和机器而选用合适的产品。 例如: 对高压染色的聚酯织物上的可拔染的染料采用高压汽蒸法（130℃,20～30分钟）时,拔染剂采用Uniston YK（加工锡）10～30％。 对高压染色的聚酯织物上的可拔染的染料采用高温汽蒸法（170～175℃,7～10分钟）时,拔染剂采用Uniston AM300（加工锡）10～30％。 对聚酯纤维的碱剂拔染印花,采用Uniston AD-15（碱剂）10～15％。 对聚丙烯腈纤维的拔染印花采用间歇式汽蒸箱时,拔染剂采用Uniston CR-Z 10～30％。 对聚丙烯腈纤维的拔染印花采用连续式汽蒸箱时,拔染剂采用Uniston CR-309 10～30％。 二、用于天然纤维的防染剂和拔染剂 由于棉织物印花时应用的染料种各异,因此用于不同组合的染料有很多防印和拔印方法,见表1、2。 其中,以活性防活性、活性染料为地色的还原染料色拔和涂料色拔为主。活性防活性的原理是使用不同活性基团的活性染料。地色染料采用加成型活性染料（如Remazol）。防印着色染料采用取优型活性染料（如Procion     

无醛拔染剂在真丝绸涂料拔染印花中的应用

以无甲醛拔染剂T替代传统含甲醛拔染剂进行涂料拔染印花,对酸性染料和活性染料地色具有与常规拔染剂相当的拔白效果;对增稠剂和黏合剂的影响较常规拔染剂小,最适合拔染剂T涂料拔染印花体系的增稠剂和黏合剂分别为复合增稠剂(PT-RV:PFL=1:1)和黏合剂APF101;通过对花色涂料耐拔性能的系统比较,表明常用印花涂料均可作为拔染剂T拔染印花的花色涂料.     

涤纶仿丝绸深色碱拔染印花的探索与实践

涤纶仿丝绸深色碱拔染印花的探索与实践北京丝绸总厂刘遵宪【摘要】详细论述了涤纶仿丝绸深色碱拔染印花工艺中包括染料、碱剂、拔染剂、增白剂、糊料以及工艺参数的探索和优选，应用于生产获得了较佳效果。【主题词】涤纶仿丝绸，碱，拔染印花Ｔｏｓｔｕｄｙａｎｄｐｒａ...     

涤纶织物的碱拔染印花

常规的分散染料拔染印花,一般均采用氯化亚锡作拔染剂,英国卜内门化学有限公司介绍一种Dispersol PC分散染料,用于涤纶织物拔染印花时,采用纯碱或烧碱作为拔染剂。其工艺流程为: 浸轧(Dispersol PC染料染底色)→干燥→印花(拔白或色拔)→干燥→汽蒸→清洗→洗涤→洗涤→清除浮色→洗涤→干燥。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press