共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
A new hydrogel that contains sulfur is prepared by radiation polymerization and its application for recovery of Hg2+, Pb2+, Cd2+, and Cu2+ ions is discussed. The metal hydrogel complexes are isolated and characterized by using different spectroscopic techniques (UV‐visible, IR, NMR, and mass), thermal analysis (TGA and DSC) measurements, and SEM. Also, the mode of complexation is determined using IR and NMR spectroscopy. The scanning electron micrographs show that the hydrogel has a great ability to recover the metal ions in the following order: Hg2+ > Cd2+ > Pb2+ > Cu2+. TGA thermograms are used to investigate the mechanism of thermal decomposition. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 77: 955–966, 2000 相似文献
2.
The novel azacrown ether chitosan derivatives (CCAE‐I, CCAE‐II) were prepared by reaction between crosslinked chitosan with epoxy‐activated azacrown ethers. Their structures were confirmed by elemental FTIR spectra analysis and X‐ray diffraction analysis. The adsorption and selectivity properties of the crosslinked chitosan azacrown ethers for Pb2+, Cu2+, Cr3+, Cd2+, and Hg2+ were also investigated. The experimental results showed that they have high adsorption capacity for Cu2+, Cd2+, and Hg2+. The adsorption capacity of CCAE‐II is higher than CCAE‐I for Cd2+ and Hg2+. The selectivity properties of CCAE are better than chitosan and crosslinked chitosan. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 74: 3053–3058, 1999 相似文献
3.
A copolymer (4‐HAOF) prepared by condensation of 4‐hydroxyacetophenone and oxamide with formaldehyde in the presence of an acid catalyst proved to be a selective chelating ion‐exchange copolymer for certain metals. Chelating ion‐exchange properties of this copolymer were studied for Fe3+, Cu2+, Ni2+, Co2+, Zn2+, Cd2+, Pb2+, and Hg2+ ions. A batch equilibrium method was employed in the study of the selectivity of metal‐ion uptake involving the measurements of the distribution of a given metal ion between the copolymer sample and a solution containing the metal ion. The study was carried out over a wide pH range and in media of various ionic strengths. The copolymer showed a higher selectivity for Fe3+ ions than for Co2+, Zn2+, Cd2+, Pb2+, Cu2+, Ni2+, and Hg2+ ions. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 89: 787–790, 2003 相似文献
4.
Peanut skin, when treated with formaldehyde to polymerize tannins, is a highly efficient substrate for removal of many heavy metal ions from aqueous waste solutions. The ions Ag1+, Cd2+, Cr6+, Cu2+, Hg2+, Ni2+, Pb2+, Zn2+, as well as Ca2+ and Mg2+, were contacted with formaldehyde-treated peanut skin. Quantitative removal could be achieved with Ag1+, Cd2+, Cu2+, Hg2+, Pb2+, and Zn2+. Capacity of the substrate for ions was promising for Pb2+ (2.1 meq/g substrate), Cu2+ (3.0 meq/g), and Cd2+ (1.3 meq/g). Sorption from a solution containing Cd2+, Cu2+, Hg2+, Ni2+, Pb2+, Zn2+, on a packed column of formaldehyde-treated peanut skin indicated that Hg2+, Pb2+, and Cu2+ were rapidly and completely bound to the packing, while Cd2+, Ni2+, and Zn2+ were poorly bound until the preferred ions had been removed from solution. 相似文献
5.
《分离科学与技术》2012,47(7):965-974
Terpolymer resins have been synthesized by condensation of p-nitrophenol, triethylenetetramine, and formaldehyde in the presence of 2 M NaOH as a catalyst with different molar proportions of monomers. Newly synthesized terpolymers were proved to be selective chelation ion exchangers for metal ions like Fe3+, Cu2+, Ni2+, Co2+, Zn2+, Cd2+, Hg2+, and Pb2+. A batch equilibrium study was carried out over a wide pH range, shaking time, and in media of various ionic strengths of different electrolytes and shows higher selectivity for Hg2+, Cd2+, and Pb2+. Distribution ratios of metal ions were found to be increased by increasing pH of solutions; hence the resins can be used to recover certain metals from waste solutions and removal of iron from boiler water. 相似文献
6.
Nazia Iqbal Mohammad Mobin M.Z.A. Rafiquee Hamad A. Al-Lohedan 《Chemical Engineering Research and Design》2012
A new cationic exchange material, sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate (AOT) with cerium (IV) phosphate (AOT–CeP) has been synthesized. The characterization of the ion exchanger was performed by using infra red spectroscopy (IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermo gravimetric analysis/differential thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA/DTA/DTG) and elemental analysis. The ion exchange properties like ion exchange capacity, elution and concentration behavior of AOT–CeP were determined by taking the material into a column and elution of H+ was done by NaNO3. The thermal stability of the ion exchanger was studied by determining ion exchange capacity after heating to different temperatures for one hour. The adsorption studies on AOT–CeP demonstrated that the material is selective for Cu2+, Pb2+, Cd2+, Zn2+ and Hg2+ ions. AOT–CeP was found to be effective for the separation of Cu2+, Pb2+, Cd2+, Zn2+ and Hg2+ ions in the presence of alkali metals/alkaline earth metals. This cationic exchanger was also effective for the removal of Cu2+, Pb2+, Cd2+, Zn2+ and Hg2+ ions in the presence of acid and other transition metal ions. Thus, AOT–CeP can be used for the removal of these ions from the waste water during its treatment. 相似文献
7.
New azacrown ether chitosan derivatives (CTS–OC, CTS–NC) were synthesized by reaction of aryl mesocyclic diamine with the C6 hydroxyl group or C2 amino group in chitosan. Their structures were confirmed by elemental analysis, infrared spectra analysis, and X‐ray diffraction analysis. The adsorption and selectivity properties of the aryl azacrown ethers chitosan derivatives for Hg2+, Cd2+, Pb2+, Ag+, and Cr3+ were also investigated. The experimental results showed that the two chitosan–azacrown ethers have good adsorption capacity for Pb2+, Cd2+, and Hg2+. The adsorption capacity of CTS–OC are higher than that of CTS–NC for Pb2+ and Cd2+. The chitosan–azacrown ethers have high selectivity for the adsorption of Pb2+ and Hg2+ with the coexistence of Cd2+. The selectivity properties of CTS–OC are better than those of CTS–NC. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 77: 3093–3098, 2000 相似文献
8.
A new single molecule multianalyte sensor, vanillic aldehyde rhodamine 6G hydrazone has been designed for the selective detection of Cu2+ and Hg2+ ions. UV/Vis spectroscopy indicates that the sensor is a good chromogenic chemosensor for Cu2+ in 1:99 (v/v) ethanol-water media. Whereas, other ions, such as Li+, Na+, Mg2+, K+, Ca2+, Cr3+, Mn2+, Fe3+, Co2+, Ni2+, Zn2+, Ag+, Cd2+, Ba2+, Hg2+ and Pb2+ failed to generate a distinct response. Fluorescence spectral data reveals that the sensor is an excellent fluorescent chemosensor for Hg2+ in aqueous ethanol solution and with no fluorescent response toward other ions. The spectroscopic behavior of the sensor in living cells indicated that it can be used for the detection of Cu2+ and Hg2+ in environmental and biological systems. Mechanisms for the high selectivity of the sensor to Cu2+ and Hg2+ are discussed. 相似文献
9.
《分离科学与技术》2012,47(4):835-845
Abstract Two new macrocyclic ligands, containing nitrogen and sulfur donor atoms were designed and synthesized in a multi‐step reaction sequence. The macrocycles with amide group were used in solvent extraction of picrates of metals such as Ag+, Hg2+, Cd2+, Zn2+, Cu2+, Ni2+, Mn2+, Co2+ and Pb2+ from aqueous phase to the organic phase. The metal picrate extractions were investigated at 25±0.1°C by using UV‐visible spectrometry. The extractability and selectivity of the mentioned metal picrates were evaluated according to the organic solvents. The values of the extraction constants (log Kex) and the complex compositions were determined for the extracted complexes. 相似文献
10.
Narendra Reddy ChereddySathiah Thennarasu 《Dyes and Pigments》2011,91(3):378-382
A bis-rhodamine based fluorescent chemosensor for naked-eye detection of Cu2+ with enhanced sensitivity as compared to mono-rhodamine derivative has been synthesized, and its selectivity for Cu2+ in the presence of other competitive metal ions (Li+, Na+, K+, Cs+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Sr2+, Cr3+, Mn2+, Fe2+, Fe3+, Co2+, Ni2+, Zn2+, Cd2+, Hg2+, and Pb2+), and application in bio-imaging are demonstrated. 相似文献
11.
Anatoly I. Bortun Lyudmila N. Bortun Sergei A. Khainakov Abraham Clearfield 《溶剂提取与离子交换》2013,31(6):1541-1558
ABSTRACT The ion exchange behavior of a sulfur-modified biotite towards Pb2+, Hg2+, Co2+, Cu2+, Cd2+ and Zn2+ ions has been studied. The ion exchange isotherms of divalent cations were determined and concentration equilibrium constants as a function of metal loading were analyzed. Sulfur modified biotite exhibits high affinity for Hg2+, Pb2+, Cu2+ and Cd2+ ions in individual solutions and in the presence of electrolytes. About 200 mg Hg/g uptake in 1·10?3 M Hg2+ solution and ~ 35 mg Hg/g in groundwater simulant or an alkaline simulant 2 M in NaN03 + 1 M in NaOH was found. The possibility of a complex ion exchange and precipitation mechanism of the sulfur modified biotite towards the soft cations is proposed. 相似文献
12.
Afsaneh Shahbazi Habibollah Younesi Alireza Badiei 《Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering》2014,31(9):1598-1607
Organofunctionalized nanostructured silica SBA-15 with tri(2-aminoethyl)amine tetradentate-amine ligand was synthesized and applied as adsorbent for the removal of Cu2+, Pb2+, and Cd2+ from both synthetic wastewater and real paper mill and electroplating industrial effluents. The prepared materials were characterized by XRD, N2 adsorption-desorption, TGA, and FT-IR analysis. The Tren-SBA-15 was found to be a fast adsorbent for heavy metal ions from single solution with affinity for Cu2+, Pb2+, than for Cd2+ due to the complicated impacts of metal ion electronegativity. The kinetic rate constant decreased with increasing metal ion concentration due to increasing of ion repulsion force. The equilibrium batch experimental data is well described by the Langmuir isotherm. The maximum adsorption capacity was 1.85 mmol g?1 for Cu2+, 1.34 mmol g?1 for Pb2+, and 1.08 mmol g?1 for Cd2+ at the optimized adsorption conditions (pH=4, T=323 K, t=2 h, C0=3 mmol L?1, and adsorbent dose=1 g L?1). All Gibbs energy was negative as expected for spontaneous interactions, and the positive entropic values from 103.7 to 138.7 J mol?1 K?1 also reinforced this favorable adsorption process in heterogeneous system. Experiment with real wastewaters showed that approximately a half fraction of the total amount of studied metal ions was removed within the first cycle of adsorption. Hence, desorption experiments were performed by 0.3M HCl eluent, and Tren-SBA-15 successfully reused for four adsorption/desorption cycles to complete removal of metal ions from real effluents. The regenerated Tren-SBA-15 displayed almost similar adsorption capacity of Cu2+, Pb2+, and Cd2+ even after four recycles. The results suggest that Tren-SBA-15 is a good candidate as an adsorbent in the removal of Cu2+, Pb2+, and Cd2+ from aqueous solutions. 相似文献
13.
Dextrin as a biodegradable natural polymer has hydrophilic nature that capable to increase the swelling properties and biodegradability of the synthetic hydrogels. This study describes the synthesis of a poly (acrylic acid-co-acryloyl tetrasodium thiacalix[4]arene tetrasulfonate) grafted dextrin superabsorbent hydrogels (ADA) via solution polymerization. The effects of acryloyl tetrasodium thiacalix[4]arene tetrasulfonate (ACSTCA) dose (20–60) on swelling properties of the hydrogels were studied. The synthesized hydrogels were characterized by FTIR, TGA, DMTA and rheometry. The metal ion removal capacity of the gels was investigated by atomic absorption for Cd2+, Pb2+, and Hg2+. The tendency of metal ions adsorption decreased in the order of Pb2+>Cd2+>Hg2+. The effect of key operating parameters including ACSTCA content, contact time, adsorbent dosage, solution pH, and crosslinker density was experimentally studied on Pb2+ adsorption from aqueous solution. The equilibrium data was analyzed using Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherms. Our experimental data are in best agreement with Freundlich isotherms, and adsorption of metal cation onto hydrogel followed a pseudo second-order kinetic model. According to the thermodynamic parameters, the adsorption of Pb2+ occurred spontaneously. The hydrogels could be regenerated after releasing heavy metal ions, and reused 5 times with less than 7 % loss of adsorption capacity. 相似文献
14.
《Dyes and Pigments》2012,92(3):378-382
A bis-rhodamine based fluorescent chemosensor for naked-eye detection of Cu2+ with enhanced sensitivity as compared to mono-rhodamine derivative has been synthesized, and its selectivity for Cu2+ in the presence of other competitive metal ions (Li+, Na+, K+, Cs+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Sr2+, Cr3+, Mn2+, Fe2+, Fe3+, Co2+, Ni2+, Zn2+, Cd2+, Hg2+, and Pb2+), and application in bio-imaging are demonstrated. 相似文献
15.
《分离科学与技术》2012,47(14):3243-3257
Abstract Synthetic procedures for new mixed‐donor macrocycle compounds were reported. The macrocyclic compounds were used in solvent extraction metal picrates such as Ag+, Hg2+, Cd2+, Zn2+, Cu2+, Ni2+, Mn2+, Pb2+, and Co2+. The metal picrate extractions were investigated at 25±0.1°C with the aid of UV‐visible spectrometry. It was found that 6,7,9,10,12,13,23,24‐octahydro‐19H,26Hdibenzo[h,t](1,4,7,13,16,22,10,19) dioxatetrathiadiazasiclotetracosine‐20,27(21H,28H)‐dione showed selectivity towards Ag+, Hg2+, and Cd2+ among the other metals. The extraction constants (Log Kex) and complex compositions were determined for the Ag+ and Hg2+ complexes for this compound and 9,10,12,13,23,24,26,27,29,30‐decahydro‐5H,15H‐dibenzo‐[h,w][1,4,7,13,16,19,25‐,10,22] dioxapentathiadiazacycloheptacosine‐6,16(7H,17H)‐dione. 相似文献
16.
Rudolf Jílek Josef Novosad Jaromír Jandl Karel Pospíšilík Jana Hofírková 《Polymer Bulletin》1982,7(5-6):249-254
Summary Three types of a modified biopolymer based on the mycelium of Penicillium chrysogenum were evaluated as to their sorption characteristics for Hg2+, Pb2+, Cu2+ and Cd2+. Their useful and total sorption capacities were calculated from their respective breakthrough curves. The highest sorption capacity was recorded for Hg2+. Evidence is presented that the retained metals can be easily eluted with diluted mineral acids. 相似文献
17.
Water‐insoluble polyaspartyl polymers were synthesized by using water as medium instead of organic medium. Taking Ca2+ as a reference, the binding of several heavy‐metal ions, including Pb2+, Cd2+, Hg2+, Cr3+, Cu2+, and Mn2+, by polyaspartyl polymers was studied. The experimental results revealed that polyaspartate is an excellent binding agent for the investigated heavy‐metal ions. These cation ions were bound to polyaspartate polymer by the same mechanism as Pb2+, which can be explained by ion exchange model. Since polyaspartate has a protein‐resembling structure that is sensitive to trace heavy metal, it was used to remove some trace heavy‐metal elements in Chinese herbal medicines. It was found that polyaspartate material was an effective agent for the removal of Pb2+, Cd2+, and Hg2+ ions from glycyrrhizin, angelica, and gynostemma pentaphyllum. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007 相似文献
18.
《分离科学与技术》2012,47(14):2963-2986
Abstract For the functional enhancement of chelating resins containing carboxylic acids, copolymer beads were prepared by suspension polymerization of styrene (St), methyl methacrylate (MMA), and divinylbenzene (DVB) in the presence of toluene as diluent. The phenyl rings of the beads were directly chloromethylated, and the carboxylic ester groups of the beads were converted into hydroxymethyl groups by reduction followed by chlorination to give chloromethyl groups, respectively. The chelating resins containing a pair of neighboring carboxylic acid groups (NCAGs) were obtained by the alkylation of chloromethyl groups in copolymer beads with diethyl malonate in the presence of sodium hydride followed by hydrolysis using aqueous alkali solution. Accordingly, the structural effects of the resins on the adsorption of heavy metal ions were investigated. Poly(St‐co‐DVB)‐based chelating resin containing NCAGs showed adsorption abilities toward heavy metal ions like Pb2+, Cd2+, and Cu2+, whereas poly(MMA‐co‐DVB)‐based chelating resin containing NCAGs showed adsorption abilities toward heavy metal ions like Cu2+, Cd2+, and Co2+. On the other hand, poly(St‐co‐MMA‐co‐DVB)‐based chelating resin containing NCAGs showed adsorption abilities toward heavy metal ions like Pb2+, Cd2+, Hg2+, Co2+, and Cu2+: a synergistic effect on the adsorption of heavy metal ions like Pb2+, Cd2+, Hg2+, and Co2+ was observed. The adsorption ability of poly(St‐co‐MMA‐co‐DVB)‐based chelating resin among three kinds of chelating resins was relatively good. 相似文献
19.
An experimental research of the absorption properties of metal ions onto synthetic hydrogel obtained by solution polymerization of acrylic acid and itaconic acid in presence of N,N′‐methylenebisacrylamide as crosslinking agent was carried out. The swelling behavior in aqueous salt solutions was studied as a function of divalent cation concentration (Cu2+, Zn2+, Ni2+, Co2+, Cd2+, Pb2+, Hg2+) in the external solution ranging from 10?5 to 1M, at 25°C. The ability of these hydrogels to bind cations was measured at different pH values and metal ion concentrations. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 90: 530–536, 2003 相似文献
20.
ABSTRACTRecent work has focused on the removal of Pb2+, Hg2+, and Cd2+ by using an organ of Aspergillus niger – spores, which were spherical particles with small diameter (2 µm) characterized by negative charge. Results shown that the biosorption of Pb2+, Hg2+, and Cd2+ from aqueous solutions using spores was analyzed at varying biosorbent dosages, pH levels, contact times and initial heavy metal concentrations. The maximum biosorption capacities of Pb2+, Hg2+, and Cd2+ were 23.9, 27.2, and 21.5 mg/g at a natural pH with the initial concentration were 30 mg/L, respectively. The sequence of biosorption capacity for cationic heavy metals was Pb2+>Cd2+>Hg2+. Spores exhibited a short biosorption equilibrium time of 60 min at a pH range of 4.0–6.0, and the main biosorption mechanism was electronic attraction, ion exchanges and complexation(involved in C = C, C-H, C-O, N-H), the data fit well in the pseudo-second-order kinetic equation and the Freundlich isotherm. In addition, Spores can grow on many kinds of moist agriculture waste without any added nutrition. The results showed that spores could be considered as a potential biosorbent for the removal of cationic heavy metals from aqueous solutions. 相似文献