Design and synthesis of superabsorbent polymers

A series of novel copolymer superabsorbents based on the monomers acrylamide (AM), acrylic acid (AA), acrylonitrile, methacrylic acid, sodium acrylate (SA), and 2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) were prepared by copolymerization using ammonium persulfate as an initiator and N,N‐methylenebisacrylamide as a crosslinking agent. The experimental results of superabsorbent polymers (SAPs) show that the absorbency in water and NaCl solutions is maximum for AM, SA, HEMA and AM, AA, SA combinations. The copolymers were characterized by IR spectroscopy. The water retention of soil was also enhanced using the above superabsorbents. Use of SAPs for the growth of the croton plant was also investigated. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 80: 2635–2639, 2001     

An efficient preparation method for superabsorbent polymers

High water‐absorbent polyacrylates could be prepared by concentrated aqueous solution polymerization within a short time period, heating the monomer mixture by water bath. The influences of initiator content, bath temperature, crosslinker content (Cc), and degree of neutralization on water absorbency (Q) were investigated. The temperature changing of the monomer mixture during polymerization was thoroughly analyzed. The increase of initiator content as well as the increase of bath temperature results in the increase of water absorbency and reduces the crosslinking efficiency. The results are in conformity with Flory's network theory and also illustrate that lower crosslinking efficiency occurs when the polymerization rate is faster. An empirical relation of Q = 1.40 Cc^−0.665 is obtained and its exponent is very close to −0.6 in a derived relation. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 74: 119–124, 1999     

Synthesis of novel superabsorbing copolymers for agricultural and horticultural applications

A series of novel superabsorbent copolymers (SAPs) based on monomers acrylamide, calcium acrylate and sodium acrylate have been prepared using ammonium persulfate as initiator and N,N‐methylene‐bis‐acrylamide (MBA) as crosslinking agent; the monomer concentration, MBA concentration and initiator concentration were varied. The experimental results show that the SAPs have good absorbency both in water and NaCl solutions. The copolymers were characterized by IR spectroscopy. Water retention in soil is enhanced by use of these superabsorbents. The effect of SAPs on the growth of bean plants is reported. SAPs may be of use as water management materials for agricultural and horticultural purposes in desert and drought‐prone areas. © 2001 Society of Chemical Industry     

高吸水复合材料吸水速度的研究

本研究使用聚丙烯酰胺与蒙脱土复合而成的高吸水复合材料(简称SAPC)对其在各种情况下的吸水速度进行初步的探讨,测定了材料的吸水速度,讨论了水溶液中离子(盐)和醇浓度以及温度、时间等各种因素对SAPC吸水率的影响及影响吸水速度的原因。     

Relationship between water absorbency and reaction conditions in aqueous solution polymerization of polyacrylate superabsorbents

Polyacrylate superabsorbents were prepared by in situ aqueous solution polymerization in a polyethylene bag, which was submerged in a water bath. The influence of the initiator content, bath temperature, isopropanol content, initial monomer concentration, and crosslinker content (Cc) on water absorbency (Q) were investigated. The temperature change of the monomer mixture during polymerization was also analyzed. Increase of the chain ends in networks resulting from decrease of the molecular weight in free‐radical polymerization causes an increase of the water absorbency of superabsorbents and also reduces the crosslinking efficiency. The results are in conformity with the classical network theory. An empirical relation of Q = 2.45 Cc^−0.600 was obtained and the validity of Flory's swelling equation was confirmed indirectly. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 75: 808–814, 2000     

环境友好型聚天冬高吸水性树脂的合成

以可生物降解的高分子材料聚琥珀酰亚胺为原料,二胺为交联剂,合成了环境友好型聚天冬高吸水性树脂。考察了原料分子量、交联剂种类、交联剂用量、吸水温度以及吸水时间等对树脂吸水倍率的影响。结果表明,交联剂用量显著影响树脂的吸水倍率,以分子量为67500的聚琥珀酰亚胺为原料,己二胺为交联剂,交联剂浓度为1.5%时,树脂吸水倍率为1480。     

一种耐盐型高吸水性树脂的制备及其性能研究

以过硫酸铵(APS)为引发剂,N,N’-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺(MBAA)为交联剂,采用水溶液聚合法,制备了黄原胶(XG)接枝丙烯酰胺(AM)耐盐型高吸水性树脂,采用单因素和正交分析法考察了丙烯酰胺用量、碱用量、聚合温度、交联剂和引发剂用量等因素对树脂性能的影响。实验表明,当m(AM)∶m(XG)=6∶1,m(NaOH)∶m(AM)=1∶1,聚合温度为60℃,m(MBAA)∶m(AM)=0.04∶1,m(APS)∶m(AM)=0.07∶1时,所得树脂对去离子水的吸收倍率可达1 457 g/g,对0.9%NaC l溶液的吸收倍率可达623 g/g,且吸收速率适中,保水性能良好,是一种耐盐型高吸水性树脂。     

水溶液聚合高岭土复合高吸水性树脂的研究

以N，N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺为交联剂，过硫酸铵／亚硫酸氢钠为氧化还原引发剂，采用水溶液聚合法合成出高岭土复合聚丙烯酸钠．丙烯酰胺高吸水性复合树脂。研究了高岭土的添加量和交联剂用量等因素对复合树脂的吸水性、吸盐性、保水性等的影响。热重分析(TGA)表明加入高岭土可提高复合树脂的保水性。(FTIR)表明聚丙烯酸与高岭土产生了表面化学交联，X射线衍射(XRD)表明单体在聚合过程中未能插入到高岭土层间。     

新型改性高吸水树脂P(AA-AM)的合成及性能评价

以N,N’-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺为交联剂,过硫酸钾为引发剂,丙烯酸、丙烯酰胺为原料,合成出原位自交联高吸水树脂P(AA-AM)。通过正交实验得出最佳合成工艺为:n(丙烯酸)∶n(丙烯酰胺)=4.5∶1,单体浓度5%,中和度70%,交联剂0.12%,引发剂0.30%(以上均相对AM、AA总量而言);产物的最大吸液性能为:吸蒸馏水最大倍率QW=2 152.4 g/g,吸10%盐水最大倍率Q盐水=28.5 g/g;由于引入适量的AM,产物吸水率和吸盐率得到大幅度的提高,产物形态由最初的粘接颗粒变成分散颗粒。     

衣康酸-丙烯酰胺高吸水树脂的合成

用过硫酸钾做引发剂,通过水溶液聚合法制得了淀粉/膨润土接枝衣康酸(IA)和丙烯酰胺(AM)高吸水树脂.研究了m(AM)/m(IA),IA,交联剂用量及引发剂用量等对吸液性能的影响.在固定反应温度70℃,反应时间为6～10 h的条件下,吸水的最佳条件为:m(AM)/m(IA)为9.3∶0.7,IA中和度为75％,交联剂质量为单体总质量的0.05％,引发剂过硫酸钾(KPS)质量是单体总质量的0.30％.吸生理盐水的最佳条件为:m(AM)/m(IA)为9.1∶0.9,IA中和度为75％,交联剂质量为单体总质量的0.03％,引发剂KPS质量是单体总质量的0.50％.     

玉米淀粉接枝丙烯酰胺制备高吸水性树脂

用硝酸铈铵作引发剂,通过水溶液聚合法制得了玉米淀粉接枝丙烯酰胺高吸水性树脂。研究了交联剂及引发剂用量、碱用量、反应温度以及反应时间等对吸水率的影响。得到的最佳反应条件为:交联剂和引发剂与丙烯酰胺的摩尔比分别为1.0×10-5和3.0×10-3,碱与丙烯酰胺的摩尔比为1.50,反应温度60℃,反应时间2 h。在室温下制得的高吸水树脂,30 m in每克吸蒸馏水和自来水分别约为其自身质量的600和170倍。     

Synthesis and Characterization of Poly(acrylic acid)/modified Bentonite Superabsorbent Polymer

A novel poly(acrylic acid)/modified bentonite superabsorbent polymer (SAP) was synthesized through chemical crosslinking by a polymerization technique in a complete aqueous environment. This SAP was fabricated effectively by dispersing modified bentonite in a monomeric solution, using N,N′-methylenebisacrylamide as crosslinker and ammonium persulfate as initiator. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectral analysis showed that the XG chains had intercalated into bentonite sheets. The influence of crosslinking density and XG content were investigated. Results showed modified bentonite not only effectively increases water absorbency, but also improves water retention ability. This can be further used as a carrier matrix for the development of a drug delivery system.     

淀粉-丙烯酸/聚丙烯酰胺复合吸水树脂的制备及性能

淀粉用环氧氯丙烷进行预交联,与丙烯酸接枝共聚,生成淀粉-丙烯酸共聚物;再与聚丙烯酰胺聚合,制备淀粉-丙烯酸/聚丙烯酰胺复合高吸水树脂。考察了淀粉用量、引发剂及交联剂对吸水倍率的影响。结果表明,当淀粉用量取2.5 g,复合引发剂取0.02 mmol,交联剂取0.1%时,吸水倍率最大;吸水速率20 min内达到吸水溶胀平衡。     

粉煤灰高吸水复合材料的表征及其释钾性能

采用溶液聚合法首次合成的粉煤灰/聚丙烯酸-丙烯酰胺高吸水复合材料,吸蒸馏水、自来水、生理盐水倍率达到并超过了国家"863"项目技术指标,成本比纯高分子吸水树脂低。粉煤灰复合到高吸水材料之后,其中的钾离子释放8.70%,使得此复合材料同时具有释钾的功能。释钾机理即是粉煤灰中的K2O与体系中的丙烯酸发生了中和反应。X-衍射分析说明复合材料中粉煤灰的主要晶体结构没有变化;红外光谱分析较深入地研究了此材料的结构和成分;扫描电镜分析表明粉煤灰与高分子基体没有开裂,复合效果良好。     

含有腐植酸的吸水性树脂在溶液及土壤环境中的性质研究

考察了含有腐植酸的吸水性树脂(HA-MA-AM)在溶液以及土壤环境中的性质。当腐植酸钾用量低于40wt%时,在环境pH值为6～7的条件下,HA-MA-AM的吸水倍率明显高于未添加腐植酸钾的MA-AM型保水剂。实验结果表明,HA-MA-AM具有较好保持水分、抑制水分蒸发的作用。     

亚甲基双丙烯酰胺的合成及应用

介绍了亚甲基双丙烯酰胺的各种合成方法及其在各领域的应用     

AM/OADMAC二元共聚高吸水树脂的制备与性能研究

以辛烷基烯丙基二甲基氯化铵（OADMAC）和丙烯酰胺为原料,过硫酸钾为引发剂,N,N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺为交联剂,反相悬浮聚合法合成具有抗菌性能的高吸水性树脂.得到最佳条件：x（交联剂）=0.2%、x（OADMAC）=2.4%、n（引发剂）：n（总单体）=1：2000、v（油）：v（水）=3：1、反应温度80℃、反应时间3 h.在此条件下制备的共聚树脂在室温吸去离子水达自身质量的561倍,吸w（NaCl）=0.9%水溶液达64.7倍;共聚树脂对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌和白色念珠菌等微生物菌株均有杀灭和抑制其生长的作用,树脂中季铵基团的含量越高,树脂的抗菌效果越好.