Oxidative aromatization of propane, butane, and butane-butylene fraction

Aromatization of the industrial butane-butylene fraction, as well as individual hydrocarbons (propane and butane), was studied in the presence of air oxygen. The influence of the principal parameters on the yield of benzene and other aromatization products was revealed.     

Waste products from the butane-butylene fraction as raw material for the production of methyl-tert-butyl ether

Translated from Khimiya i Tekhnologiya Topliv i Masel, No. 8, pp. 7–8, August, 1990.     

Intensifying heat exchange in vinyl chloride polymerization reactors

Translated from Khimicheskoe i Neftyanoe Mashinostroenie, No. 4, pp. 12–14, April, 1991.     

丙烯酰胺水溶液聚合中本体溶液浓度和引发剂量的研究

本文对丙烯酰胺水溶液聚合本体溶液浓度和引发剂量进行了研究。     

Study of electrodialysis of a copper chloride solution at overlimiting currents

The electrodialysis of a 0.005 M copper(II) chloride solution simulating electroplating wastewater has been studied. Exceeding the limiting current on an MK-40 cation-exchange membrane leads to the precipitation of copper hydroxide on the membrane surface, which acidifies the solution in the concentration compartment by catalyzing the water dissociation reaction. It has been shown that an MA-40 membrane sorbs up to 15 wt % copper as a result of complexation with functional groups. During the electrodialysis at overlimiting currents, the MA-40 membrane becomes a source of protons to the desalting compartments and the membrane resistance increases because of the formation of copper hydroxide and/or oxide in large pores.     

Catalytic properties of complexes of aluminum chloride with hydrocarbons

Conclusions A change in the reagent ratio in the synthesis of the complex of A1C1₃ with hydrocarbons affects the catalytic properties of this complex in dealkylation of diisopropylbenzene. This is caused bya change in composition of the solvation shell of the catalyst. Substitution of very simple alkyl benzenes in the composition of the latter by the more reactive compounds which are by-products of the process stabilizes the complex and decreases its catalytic properties.Translated from Khimiya i Tekhnologiya Topliv i Masel, No. 6, pp. 12–14, June, 1967.     

含铝酸性废水制备聚氯化铝

以含铝酸性废水(110 m L)和铝酸钙(20 g)为原料,少量Na NO2为氧化剂,在浓盐酸用量为40 m L,反应温度为80℃,反应时间为2.0 h的条件下,采用酸溶一步法,可制备氧化铝质量分数为6.2%,盐基度为40%的聚氯化铝(PAC)絮凝剂。结果表明,当采用自制PAC处理工业污水时,在其质量浓度为120 mg/L,污水p H值为6.0~9.0的条件下,浊度去除率为76.9%,色度去除率为47.8%;其絮凝效果与工业化生产的PAC相似。     

Transformations of diphenyl sulfide and diphenylamine on aluminum chloride

Thianthrene has been synthesized by reacting diphenyl sulfide with AlCl₃ in heptane at 98°C for 8 h at a diphenyl sulfide: AlCl₃ molar ratio of 2: 1; the thianthrene yield is 58%. The reaction mechanism proposed previously has been confirmed by quantum-chemical calculations; the reaction is characterized by a low negative value of Gibbs free energy, a low heat of reaction, and a high activation energy of the first step. Diphenyl ether and diphenylamine do not enter the test reaction because of low nucleophilicity of the heteroatoms; diphenylamine dimerizes under the reaction conditions to form N,N′-diphenylbenzidine.     

组合流化床燃烧器烧焦管内固含率的径向分布研究

在组合流化床燃烧器的冷态实验装置上,以空气一石英砂颗粒为流化介质体系,在烧焦管内表观气速（u。）为3．156～5．989m／s,颗粒循环强度（G8）为40．8～229．4kg／（m2·s）的条件下,采用光纤颗粒浓度测量仪对烧焦管内床层径向局部位置的固含率（ε8）进行了测定。结果表明,烧焦管内ε8沿床层径向呈中心稀边壁浓的环一核形分布形态,呈现出非均一的相结构;ε8随ug的升高而减小,且随Gs的升高而增大,这种影响规律在烧焦管的边壁区比中心区更为显著。根据实验数据关联出截面平均固含率不变条件下的径向局部ε8的计算式,所得计算值与实验值基本吻合。     

合成丁酸系列酯的新催化剂

通过对固体氯化物催化合成丁酸系列酯的研究,证明该催化剂具有廉价易得、反应时间短、操作方便、无三废污染等优点,其最高酯化率和产品纯度均在９８％以上。