矿渣对新拌水泥浆体流变性能的影响

通过对掺有矿渣的新拌水泥浆体流变曲线、流变参数、标准稠度需水量和胶砂流动度的测定,研究了矿渣的化学组成、掺加量和细度等对新拌水泥浆体流变性能的影响。     

水胶比和硅灰掺量对灌浆水泥浆体流变性的影响

为了研究水胶比和硅灰掺量对改性超细灌浆水泥浆体流变特性的影响,采用旋转粘度计和马氏漏斗粘度计法对不同水胶比(0.6,0.7,0.8,1.0,1.5和2.0)的新拌水泥浆体进行流变性能试验研究,其中硅灰掺量分别为0%,3%,5%,7%和10%.结果表明,新拌水泥浆体的塑性黏度和屈服应力随着水胶比的增大而减小;掺有硅灰的改性超细灌浆水泥在水胶比大于1.5时,流变性能变化不大,反之则变化较大;硅灰的掺量对改性超细灌浆水泥浆体的流变性影响较大,随着掺量增加浆体流动性变差,但在水胶比为1.0左右时,存在最优掺量,约5%.通过将马氏试验中时间指标转化为流速指标,可以有效拓展高黏度浆体的流变性能测试.     

聚合物-水泥基注浆材料早期流变及水化特性

为制备满足复杂地层加固工程需求的高性能水泥基注浆材料,探究以偏铝酸钠(SA)、聚羧酸(Sp)及高吸水性树脂(SAP)为组分的聚合物体系及其掺量对新拌水泥浆体流变特性与泌水率的影响,并采用水化放热监测与倒置荧光显微技术,对不同体系下水泥浆体早期水化进程及微米级颗粒的悬浮分散形态进行分析.结果表明:新拌水泥浆液流动性和泌水率与SA、SAP掺量呈负相关,随Sp掺量增加而提高. Sp及SAP延缓了水泥早期水化进程,改性样延迟近1 h进入水化诱导期,诱导期内水化放热速率显著降低.在不同掺量SA的促凝效应、Sp的分散效应以及SAP的"水库"作用下,新拌水泥浆液表现为初始及经时流动度大于200 mm的高流态期可分别被控制在10、20、30 min内且析水率小于5%(稳定性浆液),接近临界期时流动度陡降、流变参数突增并迅速凝结的流变特性.结合微观结构观测结果,建立了新拌水泥浆体流变演化模型,揭示多聚合物协调效应下水泥浆体呈现分散-储水-流变-水化的早期流变机制.     

聚羧酸超塑化剂的性能研究

研究了含有亲水性羧基、酸酐基团、磺酸基、聚环氧乙烷侧链的三种羧酸类共聚物对水泥浆体流变性能和水泥粒子表面Zeta电位的影响，并与萘系高效减水剂进行了对比．在改善水泥浆体的流变性能方面，三种聚羧酸超塑化剂的最佳掺量和饱和掺量均为0．3％～0．45％；对水泥粒子表面Zeta电位的影响方面聚羧酸超塑化剂远小于萘系高效减水剂，证实了两类减水剂的分散作用机理的区别．[编者按]     

聚羧酸超塑化剂的性能研究

研究了含有亲水性羧基、酸酐基团、磺酸基、聚环氧乙烷侧链的三种羧酸类共聚物对水泥浆体流变性能和水泥粒子表面Zeta电位的影响,并与萘系高效减水剂进行了对比.在改善水泥浆体的流变性能方面,三种聚羧酸超塑化剂的最佳掺量和饱和掺量均为0.3%～0.45%;对水泥粒子表面Zeta电位的影响方面聚羧酸超塑化剂远小于萘系高效减水剂,证实了两类减水剂的分散作用机理的区别.     

矿物细掺料对高性能混凝土流变性能的影响

研究了平均粒径0．1－11．2μm的5种不同矿物细掺料部分取代水泥对高性能混凝土流变性能的影响。其中，粉煤灰（FA）及两种细粉煤灰（FFA）以单独取代水泥的方式摄入，而矿渣（BFS）和硅灰（SF）则以三元复合胶结料的方式掺入。混凝土拌和物的流变性能由自行设计开发的BMH流变仪测试。对新拌高性能混凝土的超塑化剂掺量、流动阻力、扭矩粘度、工作性经时损失及抗泌水等性能进行了研究。指出掺不同粒径矿物细掺料的三元复合胶结料能够很好地改善高性能混凝土拌和物的工作性。     

水泥基复合材料的离析模型——统一离析模型与泥浆抗离析能力的考察

本文在提出新拌水泥基复合材料离折行为的三个层次统一模型的基础上,对从流变学角度难以评价的与材料离析直接相关的水泥浆保水特性进行了研究,提出了水泥浆保水能力的临界值,并对不同配合比、各种外加剂以及掺加方法对保水能力的影响进行了试验考察,其结果对丰富新拌混凝土理论及实际工程应用非常有益。     

非滞胀性粘塑性流体统一流变模型

本文根据对新拌水泥浆流变性的研究,用微微分粘度把宏观流变行为与浆体微观结构特征联系起来,首次提出非滞胀性粘塑性流体统一流变模型。     

微矿粉对新拌混凝土流变性能的影响

以微矿粉为混凝土的特殊掺和料等量替代20%-50%的水泥,研究微矿粉对新拌混凝土流变性能的影响。研究结果表明,优化微矿粉细度和选择适当的掺量不但可以节约水泥,改善新伴混凝土的流动性,而且可以大大减少坍落度损失。     

超塑化剂对混凝土流变性能的影响

对混凝土流变学性能的理论基础进行了简要的介绍 ,指出新拌混凝土的流变学性能符合 Bingham模型 ,其流变学参数由屈服应力和塑性粘度来表示 ,通过自行加工的流变仪测定了超塑化剂种类及掺量、水灰比、粉煤灰掺量等因素对混凝土拌和物流变性能的影响 ,同时还对流变学参数的经时变化进行了测定。     

Influence of Polycarboxylate Superplasticizer on Rheological Behavior in Cement Paste

Molecular structures of polycarboxylate(PCE) superplasticizer significantly affect the rheological properties of cement paste. Consequently, we employed self-synthesized PCE copolymers with different carboxylic densities to investigate their influence on the rheological behavior of cement paste. Three typical rheological models were applied to analyze the rheological properties, including Power-law model, Bingham model as well as Herschel-Buikley model. In addition, the thixotropical performances of cement paste in the presence of PCE with different carboxylic densities were investigated. The results show that the carboxylic density of PCE greatly influences the dispersing performance of PCE superplasticizers. As carboxylic density increases, the dispersing capability of PCE improves, and P(PEG1-AA6) possesses the strongest dispersing capability, the initial fluidity and 1 h fluidity of cement paste are both the highest, and cement paste has the lowest viscosity and the smallest hysteresis loop.     

Adsorption of superplasticizers in fly ash blended cement pastes and its rheological effects

The adsorption of superplasticizers in fly ash blended cement paste and its rheological effects were investigated.It is shown that the absorption of superplasticizer on portland cement particles is very different from that on fly ash particles.The fly ash particles have smooth surfaces and are negatively charged,so its adsorption capacity is weaker than the portland cement particles.The amount of adsorbed SP in the fly ash blended cement paste depends highly on the replacement proportion of portland cement with fly ash,and to a much less extent on the nature of the fly ash.However,the amount of adsorbed superplasticizer does not correspond well the ζ-potential of the solid particles,due the strong adsorbing capacities of the Portland cement particles.When fly ash replaces portland cement in the paste,the rheological behavior is radically changed,which is closely related to the fineness and density of the ash.The packing and agglomeration of the solid particles are the controlling factors on the rheological parameters of the fresh paste,instead of the amount and type of adsorbed superplasticizer.     

Rheological behaviors of fresh cement pastes with polycarboxylate superplasticizer

The rheologicalbehaviors of fresh cement paste with polycarboxylate superplasticizer were systematically investigated.Influentialfactors including superplasticizer to cement ratio(Sp/C),water to cement ratio(w/c),temperature,and time were discussed.Fresh cement pastes with Sp/Cs in the range of 0 to 2.0% and varied W/Cs from 0.25 to 0.5 were prepared and tested at 0,20 and 40 °C,respectively.Flowability and rheologicaltests on cement pastes were conducted to characterize the development of the rheologicalbehavior of fresh cement pastes over time.The exprimentalresults indicate that the initialflowability and flowability retention over shelf time increase with the growth in superplasticizer dosage due to the plasticizing effect and retardation effect of superplasticizer.Higher temperature usually leads to a sharper drop in initialflowability and flowability retention.However,for the cement paste with high Sp/C or w/c,the flowability is slightly affected by temperature.Yield stress and plastic viscosity show similar variation trends to the flowability under the abovementioned influentialfactors at low Sp/C.In the case of high Sp/C,yield stress and plastic viscosity start to decline over shelf time and the decreasing rate descends at elevated temperature.Moreover,two equations to roughly predict yield stress and plastic viscosity of the fresh cement pastes incorporating Sp/C,w/c,temperature and time are developed on the basis of the existing models,in which experimentalconstants can be extracted from a database created by the rheologicaltest results.     

基于水泥净浆流变性的振动-剪切等效理论

为了分析振动条件下水泥净浆的流变特性,解释水泥净浆流变性模型的转化机制,提出适用于振动条件下水泥净浆流变性分析的振动-剪切等效理论. 根据修正HI理论和回转黏度仪径向分层算法,计算振动条件下回转黏度仪内水泥净浆流场的剪切速率,将振动台正弦振动过程转化为对水泥净浆的剪切过程. 采用自制回转黏度仪,开展20 Hz振动频率下的HI参数标定试验和30 Hz振动频率下的水泥净浆黏度试验. 结果表明,HI参数标定结果与数值计算结果之间的误差约为7%,水泥净浆的试验黏度与数值计算的黏度之间的误差为8%并趋于收敛状态. 增大振动频率,水泥净浆的黏度逐渐减小并达到峰值,流变性模型逐渐由Bingham模型转变为Hershel-Bulkley模型,最后转变为Power-Law模型.     

初凝后水泥浆体的弹性模量研究

在复合材料力学理论与流变学开尔文模型基础上建立了一个用以描述水泥浆体水化早期弹性模量成长的模型.该模型从微观角度出发,在假设水泥颗粒与水化产物为圆球状且水泥浆体形成的孔结构为圆孔形的基础上,应用线弹性理论与有孔介质力学理论研究随着时间的增加、水化度不断增大的情况下,硬化水泥浆体的有效弹性模量.将该有效弹性模量与流变学开尔文模型理论结合起来得出初凝后水泥浆体弹性模量时变方程.研究结果表明:该模型可用于描述水泥浆体初凝后的弹性模量变化,且其变化规律与精度和实验数据符合良好.     

Effects of water content,water type and temperature on the rheological behaviour of slag-cement and fly ash-cement paste backfill

The pumping ability and placement performance of fresh cemented paste backfill(CPB) in underground mined cavities depend on its rheological properties. Hence, it is crucial to understand the rheology of fresh CPB slurry, which is related to CPB mixture design and the temperature underground. This paper presented an experimental study investigating the effects of binder type, content, water chemical properties and content, and temperature, on the rheological properties of CPB material prepared using the tailings of a copper mine in South Australia. Portland cement(PC), a newly released commercially manufactured cement called Minecem(MC) and fly ash(FA) were used as the binders added to the mine tailing materials. Various amounts of two different water types were added to the mixtures in the preparation of backfill material slurry. Six different temperatures ranging from 5 to 60 °C were to investigate the effect of temperature on CPB rheology. Overall, the increasing water content and decreasing temperature lead to lower yield stress. Based on the results obtained from the rheological properties of CPB slurry, it was found that at room temperature(25 °C), with regards to the unconfined compressive strength(UCS) performance, the replacement of 4% PC mixed CPB(28 days UCS 425 k Pa) to 3% MC mixed CPB(28 days UCS 519 k Pa), reduced the slurry yield stress from 210.7 to 178.5 Pa. The results also showed that the chemical composition of water affects the yield stress of CPB slurry and that MC mitigates the negative effect of mine-processed water(MW) and thus lead to improve the rheological properties of the slurry. However, the results suggested that the rheological properties of a mixture using MC is very sensitive to the water volume and temperature change. Therefore, using MC in backfill requires better quality control in slump mixing.     

Effect of Fly Ash on Rheological Properties of Cement Paste

This paper is aimed to study the factors influencing rheological properties of cement paste with fly ash,including the quantity of cement replaced by fly ash,types of the fly ash,degree of cement hydration and the microstructure of cement paste. By changing the water-cement ratio,mixing different amounts of fly ash,adding different types fly ash,the rheological parameters of cement paste are measured with a rheometer,and the needle penetration are tested by Vical needle. A ultrasound velocity test was aslo employed to monitor hydration of paste at early ages. Combinations of different factors on the rheological properties of cement paste are studied. The objective is to reveal the effect mechanism of material nature and proportion of each component on the rheological properties of cement paste with fly ash.     

Multi-level flocculation structures of fresh cement paste by confocal laser scanning microscope

Under saturation dosage of all kinds of SP, the free water amount was examined by centrifuge. The distribution of solution and flocculation microstructures in fresh cement paste was observed in three- dimensional space by confocal laser scanning microscope（CLSM）. Results indicate that SP can increase the free water amount by destroying the flocculated cement particle structure and different free water amount is released by different kinds of SP. The changes of the size of flocculation structures and the dispersion of solution were obviously detected with confocal laser scanning microscope： the size of flocculation structures was smaller and more dispersed in fresh cement paste with polycarboxylate superplasticizer, but the size of flocculation structures was bigger and cannot be dispersed uniformly in fresh cement paste with others SP. The multi- level flocculation structures theoretical model of fresh cement paste was then set up. The theory indicates that different kinds of SP with different dispersion strength will open the flocculation structures at different levels, which in turn present different water reducing rate.