新型非离子表面活性剂及其功能

本文概述了新型的以聚氧化乙烯亲水基的非离子表面活性剂的制备，特性及其应用。     

非离子表面活性剂的研究进展

综述了非离子表面活性剂的最新研究进展。并按照化学结构将非离子表面活性剂分为聚氨酯类、聚乙二醇类、氟碳类非离子表面活性剂以及其它类非离子表面活性剂;以此对各类表面活性剂的合成进行了介绍并讨论了其结构与性能的关联。     

非离子表面活性剂棕榈酸异丙酯的合成研究

棕榈酸异丙酯(IPP)是一种低粘度亲油类的非离子型表面活性剂,大量用于护肤霜和蜜类化妆品中.它的合成方法主要有4种[1,2]:1.在磺酸型离子交换树脂存在下,丙烯与棕榈酸并流通过反应床.2.以沸石负载锌作催化剂,在2758 kPa压力下,棕榈酸同丙烯快速合成棕榈酸异丙酯.3.以棕榈酸、异丙醇为反应物,直接酯化合成棕榈酸异丙酯.4.以含棕榈酸的油脂为原料(如椰子油或棕榈油),与过量的甲醇在常压下、催化剂存在下进行醇解反应,再经进一步酯交换、分馏制得.棕榈油是天然可再生资源,利用棕榈油提取得到的棕榈酸天然、安全、可靠.本文以棕榈油为原料,从中提取棕榈酸,再以棕榈酸、异丙醇为反应物,以改性氧化锆或SO42-/ZrO2固体超强酸作为催化剂直接酯化合成棕榈酸异丙酯.得到了直接酯化法合成棕榈酸异丙酯的最佳工艺参数.收率在90%以上,棕榈酸异丙酯纯度达98.6%.     

非离子表面活性剂的表面膨胀性质研究

用毛细波 -纵向波技术研究了非离子表面活性剂octaethyleneglycolmonododecylether(C12 E8)的表面膨胀性质。利用毛细波 -纵向波的波数和衰减系数探索了非离子表面活性剂溶液的表面膨胀模量、表面膨胀弹性、表面膨胀粘度、静态膨胀弹性、表面粘度相角与浓度和表面变形频率的关系。还通过表面膨胀性质和Frumkin表面状态方程的研究 ,探讨了非离子表面活性剂溶液的表面吸附动力学性质     

添加剂对非离子表面活性剂浊点的影响

研究了醇类、聚合物、离子型表面活性剂、有机复配物等添加剂对非离子表面活性剂浊点的影响,总结出几类添加剂对非离子表面活性剂浊点的影响规律。结果表明,有机醇对浊点的影响比较复杂,聚合物随着分子链的长短对浊点的影响而不同,离子型表面活性剂的加入会有效提高非离子表面活性剂的浊点。     

有机硅非离子表面活性剂(五)

介绍了几种有机硅非离子表面活性剂的结构、特性及其在护肤品中的应用方法。     

有机硅非离子表面活性剂（四）

介绍了几种有机硅非离子表面活性剂的结构、特性及其在护肤产品中的应用方法.     

有机硅非离子表面活性剂（三）

介绍了有机硅表面活性剂的应用.着重介绍了有机硅表面活性剂在个人护理品中的应用.     

改性松香基非离子表面活性剂的合成及性能

以松香和聚甘油为原料,合成了一种松香基非离子表面活性剂,得到不同甘油聚合度的产物。得到的松香基非离子表面活性剂的表面物化性能为:表面张力44 2～49 6mN/m;临界胶束浓度8 0×10-4～25 6×10-4mol/L;钙皂分散指数13 5%～21 5%;界面张力11 7～18 9mN/m;乳化力44～85s;泡沫性能6～46mm;润湿力87～121s。并对甘油聚合度和产物表面性能的关系进行了考察。     

The effect of nonionic surfactant structure on hemolysis

The hemolytic properties of polyoxyethylene-type nonionic surfactants were investigated in the concentration range of 0.1–5.0 wt/vol%. The effects of hydrophiliclipophilic balance, molecular weight, chemical structure and solubilizing ability of the nonionic surfactants in hemolysis are discussed. Bulky surfactants with three or four alkyl chains in their molecules, which show low solubilizing ability of lipids, were the least likely to induce hemolysis. Morphological observations of erythrocytes by video-enhanced microscopy showed that linear surfactants induce the formation of spherocytes and cause hemolysis, whereas bulky surfactants induce only morphological changes from discocytes to spheroechinocytes.     

一种非离子表面活性剂的合成及其对涂布纸的脱墨效果

以月桂醇聚氧乙烯醚(AEO)与异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)为原料,合成了一种新型的非离子表面活性剂AEOIPDI-AEO(AIA),并用于分离回收涂布纸。以白度和残余油墨量为指标,考察AIA的较佳合成条件。采用傅里叶红外光谱和核磁共振氢谱对产物的结构进行表征。将AIA与其他表面活性剂进行复配,考察复配脱墨剂的脱墨效果。结果表明,AIA的较佳合成条件为:n(AEO_7)∶n(IPDI)=2∶1,反应温度(60±2)℃,反应时间2 h,脱墨体系的p H=8。结构表征表明合成的产物为目标产物。相比于市售脱墨剂,AIA脱墨剂对涂布纸具有良好的脱墨效果,而对于新闻纸和打字纸,脱墨效果相差不大。将AIA与脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠按质量比为1∶2进行复配,制得的复配脱墨剂对涂布纸的白度达71.9%,残余油墨量仅为58.5 mm~2/m~2;将AIA与壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚按质量比为1∶2进行复配,制得的复配脱墨剂对涂布纸的白度达71.3%,残余油墨量仅为61.4 mm~2/m~2。     

Relationship between foaming properties and solution properties of protein/nonionic surfactant mixtures

The foaming properties of bovine serum albumin (BSA), in the absence and presence of Triton X-100 (TX-100), have been investigated using shaking tests. The results showed that increases in the TX-100 bulk concentration rapidly reduced both foam height and foam stability at TX-100 concentrations below about 0.25 mM, but increased foam height and foam stability at TX-100 concentration above 0.3 mM. The interaction between BSA and TX-100 has been studied using fluorescence spectroscopy. The surfactant appeared to bind to BSA with a low molar ratio (about one surfactant molecule per protein molecule) at concentrations below the critical micelle concentration (CMC); the binding became weaker at concentrations above the CMC. It was confirmed that protein-protein or protein-surfactant interactions had significant influence upon foaming properties of mixed protein/surfactant system.     

Rheological investigation on the interaction of a fluorocarbon and hydrocarbon comodified PAA with a nonionic surfactant in the presence of salt

Derivatives of poly(acrylic acid) hydrophobically modified with hydrocarbon group (PH) and both hydrocarbon and fluorocarbon groups (PHF) were synthesized and the association of these copolymers with nonionic surfactant Np7.5 in 0.1M NaCl aqueous solutions was investigated. Microdomains formed in the system of PHF/Np7.5 consist of both hydrocarbon (HC) and fluorocarbon (FC) groups, which is similar to Winnik's mixed model (Kujawa, P. C.; Goh, C. E.; Calvet, D.; Winnik, F. M. Macromolecules 2001, 34, 6387). The hybrid structure of FC and HC groups on the polysoap backbone was proposed to interpret why the miscibility between FC and HC groups was improved. The effect of salt and Np7.5 on PHF and PH solutions was carried out and compared. When the concentration of Np7.5 reaches 0.1 wt % in 0.3 wt % polymer solution especially, physical network junctions become greatly stabilized. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 92: 1279–1285, 2004     

新一代多功能的非离子表面活性剂PromidiumTM2

简述了有利凯玛公司的新一代非离子表面活性剂Promidium^TM2的性质。该产品基于专利的技术平台，具有包括良好的增溶性、改善的剪切变稀特性、温和性以及良好的肤感等特质，同时，作为一种非离子表面活性剂，它在增稠和稳泡方面，也具有独到的地方。     

非离子表面活性剂乳液合成绿色润滑剂聚油酸醇酯

在非离子表面活性剂存在时合成了聚油酸醇酯,并考察了产品性能的影响因素。结果表明,加入非离子表面活性剂司班-80的反应效果最佳;酯化时所用的醇为异辛醇时,所得的产品性能最好。     

非离子型Gemini表面活性剂的性质

Gemini表面活性剂具有的优良表面活性,使之有望作为三次采油用的表面活性剂。用界面张力仪及HAAKERS600流变仪研究了非离子型Gemini表面活性剂的表面活性及流变特性。结果表明,25℃下,氧乙基数(EO数)分别为8,10,12的3种非离子型Gemini表面活性剂8-NP-8、10-NP-10及12-NP-12的临界胶束浓度(cmc)值分别为:0.99,0.15和0.032 mmol/L;非离子型Gemini表面活性剂的表面活性及cmc值受电解质的影响较小;氧乙基数为12的非离子型Gemini表面活性剂可以使亲水及亲油固体表面的接触角明显降低,水润湿性增强;非离子型Gemini表面活性剂溶液的粘度随剪切速率增加基本保持不变,呈现出牛顿流体的特性。     

Preparation and physical properties of LLDPE grafted with novel nonionic surfactants

Copolymers of linear low‐density polyethylene (LLDPE) grafted with two novel nonionic surfactants, acrylic glycerol monostearate ester (AGMS) and acrylic polyoxyethylenesorbitan monooleate ester (ATWEEN80), containing hydrophilic and hydrophobic groups and 1‐olefin double bond were prepared by using a plasticorder at 190°C. To evaluate the grafting degree, two different approaches based on ¹H‐NMR data were proposed, and FTIR calibration was showed to validate these methods. The rheological response of the molten polymers, determined under dynamic shear flow at small‐amplitude oscillations, indicated that crosslinking formation of the chains could be decreased with increasing the monomer concentration. Their thermal behavior was studied by DSC and polarization microscope (PLM): The crystallization temperature (T_C) of grafted LLDPE shifted to higher temperature compared with neat LLDPE because the grafted chains acted as nucleating agents. Water and glycerol were used to calculate the surface free energy of grafted LLDPE films. The results indicated that the novel polyoxyethylene surfactant ATWEEN80 could greatly improve the hydrophilicity of LLDPE and the surface free energy varied from 33 mN/m of neat LLDPE to 106 mN/m of the grafted LLDPE film. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009     

阴离子/非离子表面活性剂体系洗涤含油污泥

针对新疆某油田重度石油污染土壤,进行了洗涤剂的复配及洗脱条件的优化研究。考察了阴离子表面活性剂浓度、非离子表面活性剂浓度以及硅酸钠助剂浓度对残油量的影响。正交实验结果表明,十二烷基苯磺酸钠（LAS）与烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚（平平加,APEO）间存在着较强的交互协同作用;两者复配可以增强洗涤效果,并减少药剂用量。优化的复配洗涤剂配方为： LAS 2g/L,平平加3g/L,Na2SiO3 3g/L。复配洗涤剂洗涤含油污泥的最佳操作条件为：液固质量比10∶1、洗涤温度70℃、洗涤时间1h,在此条件下污泥含油量从26.07%降低至1.21%。对污泥洗涤前后的红外光谱检测表明该复配洗涤剂对于污泥中原油的饱和分、芳香分、胶质和沥青质都有洗涤效果,特别是对饱和分的去除效果尤为显著。