基于氨基功能化介孔硅的Pb^2+选择性吸附剂

采用后接枝法将氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷接枝到二氧化硅网络中，合成了氨丙基功能化的MCM-41介孔硅。FTIR结果显示，氨基被共价键键合到了介孔硅基体上。实验结果表明，所制备的功能化材料可以选择性吸附水溶液中的pb2＋，最大吸附量为193mg·g1。     

功能化介孔硅在放射性水处理中的研究进展

阐述了介孔硅的成型原理、介孔硅材料对重金属及放射性核素吸附作用机理.介绍了近十年功能化介孔硅基材料在放射性废水处理方面的研究进展,着重探讨了其表面功能化的最常见官能团对Co、Cs、Sr、U等放射性核素的处理.系统分析了介孔硅吸附剂对核素处理效果的影响因素(介孔硅形貌、功能团、核素类型、吸附条件等)及材料在功能化研究与应...     

氨基功能化介孔硅材料对SO_2吸附性能研究

以十六烷基三甲基溴化铵作为结构导向剂,正硅酸乙酯作为硅源,3-氨基丙基三乙氧基硅烷作为功能基团,采用共缩聚的方法制备了一系列氨基功能化介孔硅材料(AFM),并研究其对二氧化硫气体的吸附性能。采用N2吸附、X射线衍射、红外光谱、透射电镜等手段对材料进行表征。实验结果表明,氨基功能化介孔硅材料具有较大的比表面和孔体积,对酸性二氧化硫气体有较强的吸附能力。     

磺酸基功能化的双金属掺杂介孔材料HSO_3-Zr-La-SBA-15催化酯水解反应的应用

以3-巯丙基-三甲氧基硅烷为有机功能试剂,采用后接枝法,合成了磺酸基功能化的介孔材料HSO3-ZLS。制备的磺酸基功能化介孔材料对羧酸酯水解的催化性能研究表明,功能化的新型介孔材料催化活性高,是环境友好型催化剂。     

胺功能化介孔二氧化硅捕集CO2的研究进展

胺功能化介孔二氧化硅因其高选择性、高吸附容量、快速的吸附动力学、良好的再生性能和循环稳定性受到广泛关注,在二氧化碳捕集技术中具有优良的应用前景。本文比较了胺改性的M41S、SBA-n、KIT-n、介孔二氧化硅泡沫、介孔二氧化硅纳米球和六方介孔二氧化硅的吸附性能,总结了MCM-41和SBA-15的结构特点。介绍了胺化合物的负载方式——湿法浸渍、化学接枝和原位聚合的胺负载原理。分析了硅源、载体内部性质、气体选择性和不同添加剂对胺功能化介孔二氧化硅材料吸附二氧化碳能力的影响。最后,点明了吸附剂未来的发展目标,对胺功能化介孔二氧化硅材料的研究方向进行了展望。指出未来可关注介孔二氧化硅微观结构和温度对胺与二氧化碳相互作用的影响,增强胺功能化介孔二氧化硅的稳定性,推进其在实际环境下的应用。     

氨基功能化介孔硅吸附剂的制备及其对铬(Ⅲ)的吸附行为

采用3-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷（APTMS）对SBA-15介孔硅进行改性,获得氨基功能化介孔硅吸附剂（NH₂-SBA-15）,从而赋予其螯合重金属离子的能力。利用XRD、SEM、TEM、EDX、TGA、BET和XPS等手段对吸附剂的表面形貌、孔道结构、元素分布和表面化学性质进行了表征。研究了NH₂-SBA-15吸附剂对水溶液中铬(Ⅲ)的吸附性能,分析了吸附动力学、吸附热力学和再生性能。结果表明,SBA-15吸附剂经过氨基功能化后,其原有的结晶结构没有明显变化,且对铬(Ⅲ)的吸附性能显著提高。NH₂-SBA-15对铬(Ⅲ)的吸附行为符合Langmuir等温吸附模型和拟二级吸附动力学方程。NH₂-SBA-15对铬(Ⅲ)的吸附过程主要依靠其表面—NH₂与铬(Ⅲ)的配位螯合作用,且为吸热过程。经过5次循环利用后,NH₂-SBA-15对铬(Ⅲ)的吸附率仍然保持在92%以上。该氨基功能化介孔硅吸附剂在吸附铬(Ⅲ)方面具有潜在的应用前景。     

功能化介孔硅在放射性水处理中的研究进展

阐述了介孔硅的成型原理、介孔硅材料对重金属及放射性核素吸附作用机理。介绍了近十年功能化介孔硅基材料在放射性废水处理方面的研究进展,着重探讨了其表面功能化的最常见官能团对Co、Cs、Sr、U等放射性核素的处理。系统分析了介孔硅吸附剂对核素处理效果的影响因素(介孔硅形貌、功能团、核素类型、吸附条件等)及材料在功能化研究与应用层面存在的问题,以期为介孔硅在核污染类环境治理领域的研究应用提供参考。     

氨基改性SBA-15介孔分子筛的制备及其铬离子吸附性能

以3-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷(APTMS)为氨基改性试剂,采用后嫁接法制备氨基功能化的SBA-15介孔分子筛。利用扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜、X-射线衍射仪、氮气吸附-脱附等温线和傅里叶红外光谱等表征手段对氨基改性SBA-15介孔分子筛的形貌、结构进行了分析。考察了吸附时间、吸附温度和溶液pH等因素对铬离子(Ⅵ)吸附率的影响。结果表明:与纯SBA-15介孔分子筛相比,氨基改性后的SBA-15分子筛对铬离子(Ⅵ)具有更好的吸附性能。     

介孔SiO_2表面的氨基修饰及吸附性能研究

以十六胺为模板剂、正硅酸乙酯为硅源合成了多孔球形结构的介孔SiO2,用γ-氨基丙基三乙氧基硅烷(ATES)对介孔SiO2进行了表面修饰,得到了氨基嫁接介孔ATES-SiO2。利用XRD、BET、IR等方法分别测定了SiO2和ATES-SiO2的结构与性质,结果表明-NH2已成功接枝于介孔ATES-SiO2的孔道内表面。在常温常压下测得介孔SiO2和ATES-SiO2对CO2的吸附量分别为0.93 mmol/g和4.87 mmol/g。     

板状NH2-SBA-15的一步合成及其吸附性能

以3-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷(APTMS)为功能化试剂,采用水热一步合成法制备出氨基功能化材料NH2-SBA-15.通过X射线衍射、扫描电镜、透射电镜、Fourier红外光谱、N2吸附-脱附和X射线能谱(EDS)对NH2-SBA-15的介孔结构、氨基的负载进行了表征.结果表明,与板状SBA-15相比,氨基功能化样品NH2-SBA-15同样具有板状形貌和二维六方的短孔道介孔结构;随着APTMS量的增加,样品中嵌入的氨基物种增多,样品的短程有序性变差,比表面积降低,孔径减小,部分孔道口发生堵塞.对阴离子染料刚果红的吸附实验表明,氨基功能化后试样的吸附能力增强,其中,APTMS/正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)摩尔比为0.2的试样吸附效果最好,50 mg试样室温下吸附100 mL的0.30mmol/L的刚果红溶液,6min后达到吸附平衡,吸附率为97.5％;试样对刚果红的饱和吸附量可达0.60 mmol/g.     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。