Sr对Mg-4%Si合金中Mg2Si的变质作用

研究Sr对过共晶Mg-4%Si（质量分数）合金中Mg2Si相的变质作用与机理。Mg-4%Si合金中存在多面体形初生Mg2Si相与汉字状共晶Mg2Si相。添加Al-10%Sr可以明显细化初生Mg2Si相,同时可以将共晶Mg2Si相由汉字状变质为多面体状或者纤维状。对初生Mg2Si相的细化作用主要是由凝固过程中含Sr颗粒的异质形核作用引起的,而对共晶Mg2Si相的变质作用是由在凝固过程中熔体中的Sr原子在Mg2Si晶体生长表面富集,从而改变了其生长优势所致的。     

MgCO3及Sr对过共晶AM60B-2.0％ Si复合材料变质的研究

研究了Sr、MgCO3对过共晶AM60B-2.0%Si镁基复合材料中Mg2Si相及基体的复合变质作用.结果表明:Sr的加入量是决定其能否对复合材料中的Mg2Si相有效变质的重要因素.未变质的初生Mg2Si呈粗大的树枝状,经变质后转为多角形状;未变质的共晶Mg2Si呈粗大的汉字状,经变质后变为弥散而细小的短棒状或多边形粒状.同时,经MgCO3复合变质后,复合材料基体组织也得到了较好的细化,从而改善了复合材料的力学性能.     

合金元素对Mg-Al-Si系镁合金中Mg2Si相形貌影响的研究进展

合金化和微合金化作为变质Mg-A1-Si系镁合金中汉字状Mg2Si相的一种工艺手段,目前已引起国内外的广泛关注和高度重视,并对此开展了大量的研究。本文综述了合金元素变质Mg-Al-Si系耐热镁合金中汉字状Mg2Si相的研究进展,尤其是Al、Si、Sb、Ca、P、RE和Sr等合金元素对汉字状Mg2Si相形貌的影响及其变质机理,指出了目前还存在的问题,并对今后的发展进行了展望。     

高性能Al-Si-Cu-Ni-Mg活塞合金的相分析

采用高倍视频金相显徽镜（HRVM）和电子探针（EPMA）微区分析技术,观察了高性能Al-Si-Cu-Ni-Mg活塞合金的显微组织形貌,确认了合金中存在的构成相Mg2Si、Al3Ni、W相以及（CuNi）2Al3相。着重观察分析W相和Mg2SiN在热处理过程中的形态演变,发现多元共晶体中的W相固溶后由无序网格状呈现出典型的骨架状或者密堆状,Mg2Si相固溶处理后主要以固溶强化相融入到基体中。     

MgCO3及Sr对过共晶AM60B-2．0％Si复合材料变质的研究

研究了Sr、MgCO3对过共晶AM60B-2．0％Si镁基复合材料中Mg2Si相及基体的复合变质作用。结果表明：Sr的加入量是决定其能否对复合材料中的Mg2Si相有效变质的重要因素。未变质的初生Mg2Si呈粗大的树枝状,经变质后转为多角形状;未变质的共晶Mg2Si呈粗大的汉字状,经变质后变为弥散而细小的短棒状或多边形粒状。同时,经MgCO3复合变质后,复合材料基体组织也得到了较好的细化,从而改善了复合材料的力学性能。     

锑含量对Mg-6Al-6Si合金组织性能的影响

Mg-Al-Si系合金（AS系列）在凝固过程中容易形成粗大Mg2Si相,严重影响材料的性能。通过添加Sb使Mg2Si尺寸和形状得到改善,以提高材料的性能。结果表明,加入Sb后合金的铸态组织得到明显改变,随Sb加入量的增加初晶Mg2Si逐渐消失,树枝状Mg2Si变得更加细小、弥散,当Sb含量为1.0%时,初晶Mg2Si已完全消失,此时合金的抗拉强度达到最大值。     

硅对Mg2Si/ZM5复合材料组织和性能的影响

在真空感应炉中氩气保护下制备材料，采用OM，SEM，EDAX和XRD及拉伸试验，研究分析了硅对原位反应自生Mg2Si/ZM5复合材料铸态显微组织和性能的影响规律。结果表明，反应添加物Si在ZM5合金中形成了高熔点、高硬度的Mg2Si强化相，明显地提高了材料的室温与高温强度，如Si的质量分数为1.5％时，室温抗拉强度与屈服强度提高幅度分别可达20.1％和61.5％，Si的质量分数为1.0％时，高温抗拉强度与屈服强度提高幅度分别可达14.9％和25.7％；Mg2Si相的形貌随着硅含量的不同而变化，如Si的质量分数为0.5％时，主要生成细小短棒状或片状共晶Mg2Si相，Si的质量分数大于1％时，则出现了粗大块状或汉字状初生Mg2Si相和片状或短棒状的共晶Mg2Si相；由于所生成的Mg2Si相本身是一种脆性相，使得该材料呈现出解理断裂，降低了材料的塑性。     

Solidification behavior and rheo-diecasting microstructure of A356 aluminum alloy prepared by self-inoculation method

Semisolid slurry of A356 aluminum alloy was prepared by self-inoculation method, and the microstructure and solidification behavior during rheo-diecasting process were investigated. The results indicate that the semisolid slurry of A356 aluminum alloy can be prepared by self-inoculation method at 600 °C. Primary α-Al particles with fine and spherical morphologies are uniformly distributed when the isothermal holding time of slurry is 3 min. Liquid phase segregation occurs during rheo-diecasting process of semisolid slurry and the primary particles(α1) show obvious plastic deformation in the area of high stress and low cooling rate. A small amount of dendrites resulting from the relatively low temperature of the shot chamber at the initial stage of secondary solidification are fragmented as they pass through the in-gate during the mould filling process. The amount of dendrite fragments decreases with the increase of filling distance. During the solidification process of the remaining liquid, the nucleation rate of secondary particles(α2) increases with the increase of cooling rate, and the content of Si in secondary particles(α2) are larger than primary particles(α1). With the increase of cooling rate, the content of Si in secondary particles(α2) gradually increases. The morphologies of eutectic Si in different parts of die casting are noticeably different. The low cooling rate in the first filling positions leads to coarse eutectic structures, while the high cooling rate in the post filling positions promotes small and compact eutectic structures.     

铸态Mg-4Al-4Si合金的显微组织与力学性能

摘 要:采用重力铸造法制备Mg-4A1-4Si(AS44)镁合金,研究铸态合金的显微组织和室温力学性能.结果表明,铸态AS44合金主要由α-Mg基体、β-Mg17Al12相及Mg2Si相组成;Mg2Si粗大的呈树枝状、块状和汉字状3种形态;铸态合金的硬度为66.5 HV3,室温抗拉强度为108.8 MPa,屈服强度为72.3 MPa,伸长率为2.6％;拉伸断裂形式为准解理脆性断裂.     

Solidification behaviour of Al-7 %Si-Mg casting alloys

The effects of Mg content and cooling rate on the solidification behaviour of Al-7% Si-Mg(mass fraction)casting alloys have been investigated using differential scanning calorimetry, differential thermal analysis and microscopy. The Mg contents were selected as respectively 0.00%, 0.35% and 0. 70% (mass fraction). DTA curves of Al-7%Si-0.55%Mg(mass fraction) alloy at various cooling rates were accomplished and the alloy melt was cast in different cooling rates. The results indicate that increasing Mg content can lower the liquidus and binary Al-Si eutectic transformation temperatures. Large Fe-rich π-phases (AlsFeMg3Si6) are found in the 0.70% Mg alloys together with some small β-phases (Al5FeSi) ; in contrast, only β-phases are observed in the 0.35% Mg alloys. The test results of the Al-7%Si-0.55% Mg alloys identify that the liquidus and binary Al-Si eutectic transformation temperatures decrease, and the quantity of ternary Al-Si-Mg2 Si eutectic phase decreases as the cooling rate increases.     

MgCO_3和Sr对原位Mg_2Si/AM60B复合材料的变质

研究了MgCO3、Sr对原位自生Mg2Si/AM60B复合材料中Mg2Si相及基体的复合变质作用。结果表明,微量Sr的加入可以明显改善Mg2Si相的形貌。初生Mg2Si由粗大的树枝状转为多角形状,共晶Mg2Si由粗大的汉字状变为弥散而细小的短棒状或多边形粒状。同时,MgCO3对AM60B基体也起到了很好的细化作用,从而使原位自生Mg2Si/AM60B复合材料的力学性能得到提高。     

压铸Mg-5Al-xSi合金的组织与性能

研究了以AM50镁合金为基体，Si的质量分数分别为0.5％、0.93％和1.91％时的3种镁合金在压铸状态下的显微组织、流动性、力学性能和断裂特征。在含硅合金中观察到2种不同形貌的Mg2Si相，即多边形颗粒状与大块汉字状。Si元素能改善镁合金的流动性，提高合金硬度，但过高时（〉0．93％）会导致合金的室温力学性能下降。拉伸试样断面表现为脆性的解理或准解理断裂。     

超声波对原位Mg_2Si／Al复合材料中初生Mg_2Si形态的影晌

采用光学显微镜和场发射扫描电镜,研究超声波对原位Mg2Si／A1复合材料中初生Mg_2Si形态的影响。研究结果表明：超声波处理使初生Mg2Si的晶粒尺寸从150μm降低到20μm,初生Mg_2Si形态发生改变。在二维形貌中,未实施超声波振动处理的初生Mg_2Si晶粒生长为含有空腔的粗大颗粒,共晶组织生长于其中,相应的三维形态为含有漏斗状空腔的八面体和十四面体。超声波处理后的初生Mg_2Si晶粒变成细小、实心三维形态的颗粒,颗粒棱角已发生钝化效应。     

Si及变质处理对Mg2Si/Mg复合材料的影响

分析了Mg-Si二元合金直接原位形成Mg2Si/Mg复合材料的过程,研究了Si含量以及变质处理对复合材料组织和性能的影响。试验结果表明,随着合金中Si含量的增加,合金的流动性降低,复合材料中原位Mg2Si的数量增多,树枝晶形态更为发达;对优化的Mg-8Si合金,进行混合稀土(MM)和Sb变质处理,可明显改善Mg2Si的形态和分布,但Sb变质的效果要好于MM。合金经质量分数为1.2%的Sb变质处理后,Mg2Si以颗粒状均匀分布在Mg基体中,从而使复合材料具有较好的耐磨性。     

镁硅质量比对Al-Mg-Si合金组织、热学和力学性能的影响

以Al-Mg-Si(6XXX)系合金为基础,通过改变Mg、Si质量比,采用金属型铸造研究不同w(Mg)/w(Si)对合金的组织、热导率及力学性能的影响。结果表明,当w(Mg)/w(Si)小于1.53时,合金中的相组成主要为共晶Si、α-Al和β-Mg₂Si相;当w(Mg)/w(Si)为1.53时,合金中出现θ-Al2Cu相,而共晶Si相消失;当w(Mg)/w(Si)大于1.53时,合金中出现新相S-Al2CuMg相,而θ相逐渐减小最后消失;当w(Mg)/w(Si)为1.53时,合金具有最佳的综合性能,其热导率为175.5 W/(m·K),抗拉强度为153 MPa,硬度(HV)为109.14,伸长率为6.54%。     

Purification of metallurgical silicon using iron as impurity getter,part II: Extent of silicon purification

Purification of metallurgical grade silicon (MG-Si), using iron as the impurity getter has been investigated. The technique involves growing Si dendrites from an alloy of MG-Si with iron, followed by their separation using a gravity based technique and acid leaching. The effects of cooling rate of the alloy and the subsequent quenching temperature on the segregation of the impurities were studied. It was found that slow cooling of the alloy below the eutectic temperature causes an increase in the Si impurity concentration due to diffusion of the impurities from the alloy to the Si. Quenching the alloy from temperatures above the eutectic eliminated this effect, increasing the purity of the Si product. A significant reduction in the concentration of the major impurities was achieved, making the Si product a suitable feedstock for solar grade silicon generation. The concentrations, in ppmw, of some elements in the Si product are Al: 10, B: 2, Mn: 3, Ni: 3, Cr: 1, Fe: 1, P: 29. Other impurities including V, Ba, Li, Be, and Mg were all below 0.5 ppmw.     

Sb对过共晶Mg-4.8%Si合金中Mg_2Si初晶变质的影响

利用Mg-20%Sb中间合金对过共晶Mg-4.8%Si合金进行变质处理,考察Sb的含量对Mg2Si初晶变质效果(主要包括形态和尺寸)的影响规律,并讨论其变质机制。结果表明:Sb的加入量是决定其能否有效变质过共晶Mg-4.8%Si合金中Mg2Si初晶的重要因素;在未变质的过共晶Mg-Si合金中,Mg2Si初晶以粗大的树枝晶状为主;当Sb加入量低于0.8%(质量分数)时,Mg2Si初晶形态无明显改善,其平均尺寸略有降低;当Sb加入量达到并超过1.2%后,Sb才能有效变质过共晶Mg-4.8%Si合金中Mg2Si初晶,且Mg2Si初晶呈细小的颗粒状弥散分布,其平均尺寸迅速减小;其变质机制应与残留在熔体中弥散分布的Mg3Sb2粒子作为Mg2Si初晶的形核核心有关。