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综述美国煤基喷气燃料的发展动态,包括煤基喷气燃料组成、生产工艺和性能等。阐述我国研究煤基喷气燃料的必要性、可行性及可能需要的研究手段。 相似文献
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A new approach to PEM fuel cell stack fabrication has been demonstrated. This approach is based on the use of light weight metal conductive elements together with nonconductive elements fabricated from engineering thermoplastics to yield a lightweight stack that can be manufactured from flat sheets of stock materials using inexpensive mass production techniques. The stack described here has a power output of over 520 W from a volume of 616 mL and a mass of 539 g for a power density of 967 W/kg and 846 W/L while operating at a pressure of 103 kPa with a 53% conversion efficiency. It is projected that with further refinement, PEM fuel cell stacks with power densities over 1,500 W/kg and 1,200 W/L can be produced. 相似文献
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燃料乙醇产业发展综述 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
燃料乙醇是一种性能好、有发展前途的清洁燃料。本文分析了我国开发燃料乙醇的必要性,我国燃料乙醇的发展现状,燃料乙醇生产技术概况,燃料乙醇的发展趋势。 相似文献
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随着石油能源危机的日益加剧,人们开始越来越多的将注意力投入到石油代用能源的研究中,其中一个重要项目就是生物燃料的研究和开发。本文着重介绍了燃料酒精和生物柴油这两种代用能源的优良性能、生产途径和应用现状,并简要分析了生物燃料的发展前景。 相似文献
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通过正交试验得到制备生物柴油的最佳工艺条件为:反应温度25℃,催化剂用量2.1gKOH/200mL原料,反应物配比40mL甲醇/200mL原料,反应时间25min左右。制得的生物柴油的主要性能指标符合0#柴油标准(GB252-1994)。 相似文献
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二甲醚的生产现状及发展前景 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
二甲醚是我国值得重点发展的清洁燃料,文章分析了二甲醚代替柴油作为汽车燃料、代替民用液化石油气的可行性,并对二甲醚的生产工艺如两步法、一步法、二氧化碳及生物质直接合成二甲醚等进行评述,认为一步法工艺比较适合我国国情,适用于化肥厂和甲醇厂生产二甲醚。 相似文献
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A conventional membrane electrode assembly (MEA) for a direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) consists of a polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) compressed between an anode and cathode electrode. Limitations with this conventional design include: cost, fuel crossover, membrane degradation or contamination, ohmic losses and reduced active triple phase boundary (TPB) sites for catalyst located away from the electrode/membrane interface. In this work, ex situ and in situ characterization of a novel electrode assembly based on a membraneless architecture and advanced 3D anodes was investigated. The approach was shown to be fuel independent and scaleable to a conventional bi-polar fuel cell arrangement. The membraneless configuration exhibits comparable performance to a conventional ambient (25 °C, 1 atm) air-breathing DMFC. However, it has the additional advantages of a simplified design, the elimination of the membrane (a significant component expense) and enhanced fuel and catalyst utilization through the extension of the active catalyst zone. 相似文献
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我国新型民用液体燃料的现状与发展 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
新型民用液体燃料为管道煤气与液化石油气等传统民用燃料的代用品,80年代在我国兴起,可以分成:醇基燃料、轻烃燃料、醚类燃料。本文概述它们的现状与发展趋势。 相似文献
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在化工企业中,作为动力的燃料(FG)和燃料油(FO)起了关键的作用。充分回收丁二烯尾气,苯乙烯尾气和低压甲烷,多用自产的燃料油,以低成本的生产方式,为节能降耗。 相似文献
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Supercooling of water droplets in jet aviation fuel 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Ice formation in aircraft fuel systems is an ongoing problem with potentially disastrous consequences. Unfortunately, the icing of fuel systems is poorly understood. It is well known that at temperatures below 0 °C particles of H2O suspended in fuel can exist as crystalline ice or metastable supercooled water. In this paper we show that micron sized water droplets immersed in Jet A-1 aviation fuel can exist in a metastable supercooled state to around −36 °C. In fact, the majority of droplets in our experiments froze homogeneously showing that the fuel itself did not catalyse ice formation. We suggest that H2O particles will remain in a supercooled liquid state until they come into contact with a suitable solid surface in an aircraft’s fuel system or the temperature falls below the homogeneous freezing limit. 相似文献
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燃料电池汽车用车载汽油制氢技术发展分析 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
介绍了用于燃料电池汽车的几种车载汽油制氢技术,包括水蒸气重整制氢、部分氧化制氢和自热氧化制氢、等离于法制氢,指出了现有车载汽油制氢装置技术水平和美国“新一代汽车协调会”对车载汽油制氢技术的目标要求。 相似文献
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就清洁、可再生能源——氢、乙醇的制备和作燃料使用简略叙述。氢拟用(太阳)光伏法电解水制备,乙醇拟用便宜的原料如甘蔗渣、秸杆等含纤维素的有机质通过纤维素酶水解后发酵制备。二者作为汽车燃料使用,现有汽车发动机仅需作适当改动。 相似文献
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二甲醚洁净燃料的开发与应用 总被引:14,自引:1,他引:14
二甲醚(DME)有高的十六烷值,作为柴油代用燃料具有良好性质,其排放物比美国加州超低排放标准还要低。二甲醚物性与液化石油气相似,可代替液化石油气作为优良的民用洁净燃料。 相似文献