Analysis and design of LC oscillators associated with frequency multipliers: a phase noise perspective

When a local oscillator signal generation system is based on an LC oscillator and a frequency multiplier, the question of determining the optimal multiplication factor is a key issue. In this paper, the problem is addressed in order to minimize the 1/f ² phase noise within a tuning range constraint. The analysis, with a practical graphical representation, reveals the oscillator phase noise dependence on the oscillating frequency in the transition from two different regimes, named the inductor‐limited quality factor and the capacitor‐limited quality factor. The results obtained enable the evaluation of the phase noise performance of systems based on a sub‐harmonic and super‐harmonic oscillators and how they compare with an oscillator in the fundamental mode. Crucial questions like the phase noise improvement that these systems can achieve are analytically answered. A design methodology is thus proposed and verified through measurements on a frequency source at 31 GHz, composed by a sub‐harmonic voltage‐controlled oscillator followed by an injection‐locked frequency tripler, dedicated to backhauling applications, designed on a BiCMOS process technology. The tuning range is 10%, and the phase noise at a 1‐MHz offset is −112 dBc/Hz. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

GPS接收机本地振荡器的设计

介绍了锁相式频率合成器的工作原理以及频率合成器关键的性能指标。给出了利用ADF4360-7频率合成器芯片来产生全球定位系统(GPS)接收机本地振荡信号的方法。通过ADIsimPLL仿真确定了频率合成器的电路参数。并在此基础上制作了实际电路,给出测试结果,说明了该方法的有效性。     

Experimental comparison of phase‐noise in cross‐coupled RC‐ and LC‐oscillators

Relaxation RC‐oscillators are notorious for their poor phase‐noise performance. However, there are reasons to expect a phase‐noise reduction in quadrature oscillators obtained by cross‐coupling two relaxation oscillators. We present measurements on 5 GHz oscillators, which show that in RC‐oscillators the coupling reduces both the phase‐noise and quadrature error, whereas in LC‐oscillators the coupling reduces the quadrature error, but increases the phase‐noise. A comparison using standard figures of merit indicates that quadrature RC‐oscillators may be a viable alternative to LC‐oscillators when area and cost are to be minimized. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于锁相环和混沌振子的微弱信号检测

为精确检测纳伏级微弱正弦信号的频率和幅值,构建了基于锁相环和Duffing振子的微弱信号混合检测系统。首先通过锁定输入锁相环的待测信号,完成信号频率的检测;然后利用锁相环输出的已知频率信号作为混沌系统的内置策动力信号,将输入到混沌系统的待测信号用Duffing振子进行幅值检测。仿真结果表明,混合系统可同时完成纳伏级微弱正弦信号的频率和幅值的检测,检测信号的最低信噪比为-22.23dB,且操作简单,工作量小,易于实现。     

A CMOS DCO design using delay programmable differential latches and a novel digital control scheme

A novel 16-bit CMOS digitally controlled oscillator (DCO) is described. This CMOS DCO design is based on a delay programmable differential latch and a novel digital control scheme which yields improved phase noise characteristics. Simulations of a 4-stage CMOS DCO using the 0.5 μm Agilent CMOS process parameters achieved a controllable frequency range of 750 MHz–1.6 GHz with a monotone tuning range of around 1 GHz. Monte Carlo simulations indicate that the time-period jitter due to random supply voltage fluctuations is under 250 ps for worst-case considerations. Also, phase noise was found to be in the range of −175 dBc at a frequency of 600 KHz from the carrier at 1.5 GHz (for digital control word of 1512 H) after numerous iterations of Monte Carlo simulations. FFT analysis indicate a total harmonic distortion (THD) of around − 57 dB for the DCO output signal. This CMOS design would thus provide considerable performance enhancement in digital PLL applications.     

基于返波管振荡器的毫米波锁相源设计

返波管振荡器由于具有带宽宽、输出频率连续可调、输出功率较大等优点在毫米波频段的信号源中得到了很多应用。如何利用频率合成技术把毫米波返波管振荡器的输出锁定在高频率稳定度的参考上,在毫米波频段提供宽带高频率稳定度的信号是返波管振荡器应用中的技术难点。本文针对返波管振荡器的特性,讨论了实现毫米波返波管振荡器锁相的技术方法,完成了某毫米波信号源的设计,取得了很好的效果。     

低相位噪声参考信号发生器的设计

参考信号发生器是频率合成系统的重要组成部分,是实现低噪声频率合成的基础。本文介绍了产生低相位噪声参考信号常用的技术方法,重点讨论了如何基于锁相环频率合成法实现极低相位噪声参考发生器的设计。最后基于本文讨论的技术方法,设计出了一种具有极低相位噪声的参考信号发生器,并给出了实验结果。该参考信号发生器应用于某高纯微波信号源中,取得了很好的效果。