考虑速度过冲的单载流子光探测器特性

通过在器件模拟中引入考虑了速度过冲效应的水动力学模型,对单载流子光探测器(UTC-PD)的传统漂移扩散模型进行了改进.结果表明,电子的速度过冲有效地减小了空间电荷效应,从而提高了器件的带宽.同时,通过对器件的直流和交流特性分析,研究了吸收层和收集层参数对器件性能的影响.     

杜瓦激活对探测器芯片温度影响的理论与试验研究

杜瓦激活过程会引起探测器芯片温度过冲,导致芯片失效。通过仿真计算分析了吸气剂激活过程中产生的温度分布,研究了探测器芯片在杜瓦激活时温度升高过冲的主要传热途径,并提出了一种吸气剂挡板方案。试验结果表明,该方案可将激活过程中探测器芯片表面的最高温度由105℃降至85℃,解决了激活过程中探测器芯片的温度过冲问题。     

In离子掩模注入GaAs(001)衬底的均匀有序纳米团簇的形成和扩散

离子注入技术是一种重要的制备低维量子结构的方法,它能通过精确控制注入能量、剂量以及注入温度等形成有序纳米团簇.我们利用有序的阳极氧化铝模板作为掩模板在GaAs(001)衬底上进行In离子选择性注入以及快速热退火,获得了均匀有序的纳米团簇,采用原子力显微镜研究了量子点随温度变化的形貌变化特征,观察到注入吸附原子在衬底的扩散随温度变化而加快,退火温度达到680℃时,沿[110]方向的扩散要比[110]方向扩散快,而且呈现各向异性.     

In离子掩模注入GaAs(001)衬底的均匀有序纳米团簇的形成和扩散

离子注入技术是一种重要的制备低维量子结构的方法,它能通过精确控制注入能量、剂量以及注入温度等形成有序纳米团簇.我们利用有序的阳极氧化铝模板作为掩模板在GaAs(001)衬底上进行In离子选择性注入以及快速热退火,获得了均匀有序的纳米团簇,采用原子力显微镜研究了量子点随温度变化的形貌变化特征,观察到注入吸附原子在衬底的扩散随温度变化而加快,退火温度达到680℃时,沿[110]方向的扩散要比[110]方向扩散快,而且呈现各向异性.     

基于Si3N4掩模的太阳电池选择性掺杂工艺研究

设计了基于Si3N4掩模的太阳电池选择性掺杂工艺,并对其工艺参数进行了仿真优化。选择性掺杂电池的一次掺杂条件为仿真所得最佳非选择性掺杂电池的工艺参数。运用SILVACO软件分别对选择性掺杂的时间、预淀积浓度和温度进行了仿真研究。仿真结果表明,随着选择性掺杂的预淀积浓度的增加,光谱响应率先增加后降低;随着扩散温度和扩散时间的增加,电池的光谱响应率逐渐减小。所得最佳选择性掺杂工艺参数为预淀积磷硅玻璃杂质浓度1×1019 cm-3、扩散温度800℃、扩散时间5min。     

温度对碳化硅粉料合成的影响

采用高温合成方法生成了高纯碳化硅(SiC)粉.采用高纯碳(C)粉和硅(Si)粉直接反应,不需外加添加剂,通过控制外部加热使Si和C持续反应.实验结果表明,在相同反应时间条件下,不同加热温度对生成的SiC粉料的粒度和纯度有很大影响.当反应温度从1920℃升高到1966℃时,生成的SiC粉粒度由12.548μm增加到29.259μm.当温度继续升高,SiC粉的粒度逐渐减小.温度高于2000℃时,SiC粉的粒度趋于约20μm.同时,X射线衍射图分析表明,温度高于2000℃时,生成的SiC粉料中C比例会明显增加.     

带非吸收窗口的大功率657 nm半导体激光器

在激光器腔面处制作非吸收窗口(NAW)可以有效地减少光吸收,防止激光器过早出现光学灾变损伤(COD),是提高大功率半导体激光器的功率特性的重要手段之一.采用金属有机化学气相沉积(MOCVD)技术二次外延生长了大功率657 nm红光半导体激光器结构,通过闭管扩散Zn的方法在腔面附近制作了非吸收窗口.实验发现扩散温度550 ℃,扩散时间[20 min时,得到的非吸收窗口最为有效,激光器连续工作的无扭折输出功率大于100 mW,超过常规的无窗口结构激光器的最大输出功率的两倍,激光器的斜率效率提高了23%.测量该类器件的温度特性发现,环境温度为20～70 ℃时,其输出功率均可大于50 mW,计算得到激光器的特征温度约为89 K,波长增加率约为[0.24 nm/℃.     

一种抑制SiC MOSFET电压电流过冲的有源门极驱动电路

相较于Si MOSFET,SiC MOSFET的高电子迁移率使其能支持更高的开关速度，但与此同时会产生更大的电压、电流过冲，影响其应用的可靠性。提出了一种用于抑制SiC MOSFET漏源电压v_ds与漏极电流i_d过冲的有源门极驱动(AGD)电路，通过检测v_ds和i_d变化率(dv_ds/dt和di_d/dt),利用高速模拟反馈回路控制门极驱动电流的方式来调节dv_ds/dt与di_d/dt,进而减小v_ds与i_d过冲。此外，将AGD方案拓展到电流源驱动电路，提出了电流源有源门极驱动(ACGD)电路。相较于传统门极驱动(CGD),ACGD方案同时具有更快的开关速度与更小的电压、电流过冲。基于双脉冲电路对比了CGD与ACGD的不同效果，在采用ACGD电路后，电流过冲减小了20%,延时减少了30 ns;电压过冲减小了约7%,延时减少了60 ns,电压上升速率提高了约44%。     

光纤陀螺光源数字温度控制技术

分析了光纤陀螺SLD光源的温度特性 ,设计了SLD数字非线性温度控制方法 ,在宽温度范围内实现了SLD温度的稳定控制 ,并且能实现迅速启动 ,温度过冲控制在± 1K的范围。实验测得温控稳定性达到 0 .0 5K ,启动时间短于 1 2s。通过控制参数的设定 ,此系统可适用于不同的半导体激光器的控温系统     

洁净手术室空调控制系统的设计与实现

洁净手术室空调系统的温度与湿度控制效果对于手术有直接的影响.介绍了一种基于西门子S7-200PLC和TD-400C的控制系统来实现洁净手术室对温湿度的控制.由于温湿度具有大滞后性,使用传统PID调节方法难以得到满意效果,通过引入温度变化率来调整死区,改善了系统的控制效果,有效避免了过冲.经过实际运行,验证其在洁净手术室控制系统中的可行性.     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

A rigorous proof of MIMO channel capacity’s increase with antenna number

It is well known that adding more antennas at the transmitter or at the receiver may offer larger channel capacity in the multiple-input multiple-output（MIMO） communication systems. In this letter, a simple proof is presented for the fact that the channel capacity increases with an increase in the number of receiving antennas. The proof is based on the famous capacity formula of Foschini and Gans with matrix theory.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks