基于脉位跳变的脉冲多普勒雷达波形性能研究

脉冲多普勒体制的雷达（PD雷达）中常面临测距模糊问题,针对这一应用需求提出了一种改进的脉冲波形一脉位跳变波形。阐述了这种波形的结构、无模糊测距的原理以及接收方法,并对其抗距离遮挡、抗干扰性能进行了分析．通过使用脉位跳变波形结合分路处理方式来解决测距的模糊问题。这种波形兼容于常规PD雷达的处理机结构易于实现相干积累,符合...     

天波雷达中抑制距离多跳回波的波形设计方法

高频天波超视距雷达所独有距离多跳现象,使得位于雷达威力覆盖范围以远的杂波通过地面与电离层的多次反射进入到雷达的接收阵列。该距离多跳回波在某些特定的距离单元呈现较强的扩展杂波,淹没位于该区域的目标信号,形成检测盲区。采用了一种脉间相位编码波形,多跳扩展杂波经过距离-多普勒处理后会附加一个多普勒频移,从而可搬移到任意设定的多普勒区间,使原本掩盖的目标显现出来。通过实验仿真表明,该波形能够有效的移除扩展杂波,增强位于扩展杂波区目标的可视性。     

随机频率编码雷达信号的模糊函数性能分析

随机频率编码雷达作为一种近年来比较流行的新体制雷达,综合了频率步进和噪声雷达的优良特性,具有很好的低截获概率(LPI)、电磁兼容性(EMC)和抗射频干扰(APFI)特性。由于随机频率编码信号脉间频率的变化使得传统的延时-多普勒模糊函数描述其波形性质存在局限性。针对这点,研究分析了一种表示随机步进频模糊函数的新方式,在此基础上分析了该信号距离模糊和速度模糊等模糊特性,并通过分析不同类型编码的模糊函数与干扰环境图的关系得出了一种抗干扰波形的选择方法。     

一种抗速度欺骗干扰的认知波形设计方法

由于传统雷达采用固定波形发射模式,速度欺骗干扰极易影响雷达对真实目标多普勒的检测,使雷达跟踪上错误的目标或检测到多个虚假目标,给雷达探测带来巨大的挑战。为提高雷达抗速度欺骗干扰的能力,保证雷达对真实目标多普勒的正确检测,提出了一种脉间相位编码波形设计方法。该方法利用认知流程获取的目标和干扰信息,选取阻带干扰能量最小准则,通过循环迭代算法设计脉间相位编码波形,实现了雷达在速度欺骗干扰环境下对多目标的正确检测。仿真结果验证了该方法的有效性。     

基于方位向多波束-多相位中心的星载SA R多维波形编码技术研究

通过方位向多波束与多相位中心结合,采用方位向-快时间二维波形编码发射技术获得了星载SAR系统高分辨-宽测绘带成像的优良性能。所提方案在发射端的方位向采用脉内扫描形成多个方位窄波束,以减小子多普勒带宽,距离向通过波束展宽获得宽测绘带;在接收端沿距离-方位向形成多个等效相位中心,通过俯仰DBF技术分离各子波束回波信号来抑制距离模糊,方位向通过谱重构方法解方位多普勒模糊,并通过多个子多普勒谱拼接获得方位高分辨。文中研究了本系统的主要系统参数典型设计及性能优势。仿真结果表明,该系统能有效的完成高分辨-宽测绘带任务,相对已有的其它星载SAR系统,系统性能优势明显,系统结构更加轻便灵活。     

基于多项式拟合的非线性调频波形设计

在非线性调频(NLFM)脉压波形设计的一般原理基础上,提出了一种基于多项式拟合的波形设计方法。用该设计方法设计出的NLFM波形具有低的距离旁瓣和好的多普勒性能,且不需要给出调频和调相显函数的表达式,设计更为灵活、简单,通过大量仿真实验分析了该方法所产生的波形性能与采样频率、多普勒的关系,并根据卷积定理仿真了信号的模糊函数。仿真结果验证了该方法的有效性和可行性。     

基于互相关的高精度多普勒频率变化率测量方法

提出了一种脉组间多普勒频率变化率的高精度测量算法,该算法利用脉组相邻脉冲对间的互相关函数估计脉组模糊频率,在连续脉组间选择任一相同模糊频率进行解模糊得到各脉组相对频率,因为这些相对频率包含相同的模糊,所以可以利用差分或滤波算法得到脉组间多普勒频率变化率;计算机仿真和试验均证明了该测量算法的有效性。     

高频调频连续波雷达系统的模糊消除

高频调频连续波雷达常出现距离与多普勒模糊,文中引入多波形重复频率（WRF）解决这一问题。该解决方案要求,当目标被照射时,要切换波形重复频率。并对波形重复频率进行综合,以产生比预期目标多普勒频移大的公用倍频,从而解决多普勒频移模糊。介绍了模糊多普勒频移的算法。模拟评估了这项技术的性能。所得结果表明,该技术可以用于宽带电离层杂波的模糊消除。     

线性调频-Costas频率步进信号分析及宽带合成处理

针对宽带宽角扫描相控阵雷达系统高精度测距、测速应用需求,提出了脉间Costas编码跳频、脉内线性调频调制的信号形式。通过对信号建模及距离-多普勒二维模糊度函数的分析表明,该信号形式综合了线性调频信号和Costas编码的优点,具有接近理想图钉型的模糊函数,可实现距离-速度的二维高分辨率。推导了线性调频-Costas频率步进信号宽带合成的处理方法,并通过仿真验证了该算法的有效性。     

伪随机码脉冲多普勒引信分析

针对脉冲多普勒引信抗分布式干扰能力强,但容易产生距离模糊的问题。介绍了一种伪随机码脉冲多普勒引信。通过分析其工作原理、信号处理流程和信号仿真比较,其结果表明,该复合引信大幅改善了距离模糊问题。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

A rigorous proof of MIMO channel capacity’s increase with antenna number

It is well known that adding more antennas at the transmitter or at the receiver may offer larger channel capacity in the multiple-input multiple-output（MIMO） communication systems. In this letter, a simple proof is presented for the fact that the channel capacity increases with an increase in the number of receiving antennas. The proof is based on the famous capacity formula of Foschini and Gans with matrix theory.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks